穿越高岭土化粘土岩层的竖井井筒掘进实践

本文介绍了某混合并在掘砌施工中穿越强高岭土化粘土层，这种复杂的工程水文地质条件下所采用的井筒支护设计原理及施工方法。     

利用高岭土制取聚合氯化铝和白炭黑的试验研究

本文较为系统地研究了利用高岭土制取聚合氯化铝和白炭黑的工艺流程。通过正交试验，成功地找到了制取聚合氯化铝较优的工艺条件，为我国高岭土的开发应用提供了一条新途径。     

茂名高岭土在不同温度煅烧时对产物结构的影响

采用DTA、XRF、SEM、BET、XRD、IR等测试手段对茂名高岭土及其在550~950℃的煅烧产物进行了研究。实验结果表明:煅烧产物由煅烧前的晶态转变成了非晶态,煅烧温度对煅烧产物的结构有一定影响。     

高岭土除铁增白研究进展

综述了高岭土中铁元素的赋存状态,介绍了除铁增白方法的基本原理及研究进展,得出了高岭土中铁元素的赋存状态是决定增白方法的内在因素,只有采用多种除铁工艺相结合的方法,才能获得更好的除铁效果。     

The chemical bonding of copper ions on kaolin from Suzhou, China

Reactions of copper with kaolin are important in determining copper fate in the environment. Adsorption characteristics of Cu by the kaolin from Suzhou, China were investigated at varying Cu concentrations (0 to 100 mg/l), pH values (approximately 2 to 11) and temperature (25, 40 and 50 °C). Cu adsorption by the kaolin was well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. The kaolin did not exhibit the adsorption maximum, 666.67 mg/kg, as determined by the linearized form of the Langmuir equation. The k_d values decreased exponentially with increasing initial Cu concentrations in the solution. A unit increase in pH resulted in approximately 8.47, 9.61 and 10.82% increase in Cu adsorption by the kaolin at the initial Cu concentration 5, 50, 100 mg/l, respectively. The pH₅₀ values increase with increasing initial Cu concentration. Desorption of Cu was well described by the linear model (y = 0.0917x + 0.7136) with correlation coefficient R² = 0.9994. Most of the adsorbed Cu is nonspecific adsorption; the mobility of Cu in the kaolin from Suzhou, China is high under low pH conditions.     

Structural study of mullite based ceramics derived from a mica-rich kaolin waste

Mullite-based ceramics have been synthesized by reactive sintering of a mixture containing kaolin and a mica-rich kaolin waste. Samples fired in the temperature range from 1300 to 1500 °C were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The quantitative phase analysis and unit cell parameters of the mullite were determined by Rietveld refinement analysis of the XRD data. Mullite-based ceramics with 1.2 wt% quartz, 56.3 wt% glass (amorphous phase), 2.64 g/cm³ of apparent density, and 35±1.2 MPa of flexural strength were obtained after firing at 1500 °C. A liquid phase sintering mechanism activated by a total mica content of 13.3 wt% allowed to increase the mullite content to 47.6 wt% (2.3 wt% quartz and 50.1 wt% glass phase) and improve the flexural strength (70±3.9 MPa) after firing at 1400 °C.     

回归方程在标准加入法测高岭土中铜的应用

用原子吸收光谱法测定高岭土中铜,分别用标准曲线法及标准加入法定量分析铜元素含量,比较了作图法和回归方程法处理标准加入法数据。结果表明,随铜元素变量,标准曲线法及标准加入法均有较好的线性关系,但测定的结果有差异。标准加入法因可消除基体干扰,测得铜结果准确度高。标准加入法适合基体复杂的试样的分析。作图法及回归方程均适用于标准加入法测铜的数据处理,作图法误差大,而回归方程法是快捷,误差小的简便方法。     

Geopolymers from Algerian metakaolin. Influence of secondary minerals

The influence of secondary phases (illite, quartz) on the geopolymerization reaction of metakaolin has been investigated by comparing two metakaolins, one prepared from a pure kaolinite and the other from illite- and quartz-containing Algerian kaolin from the Tamazert region, respectively. Geopolymerization was achieved by mixing the metakaolins with an alkaline sodium silicate solution at room temperature and curing at 50 °C. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction and ²⁹Si and ²⁷Al MAS-NMR. The results show that the secondary phases, at the concentration used in this work, do not prevent the geopolymerization reaction.     

Century 21 - Pregnant with Ozone

As we enter this new century, it is striking how the number of applications for ozone is growing. During ozone's first century, the emphasis for using it involved primarily, potable water treatment, wastewater treatment, bottled water treatment, odor control and medical therapy. Of these, potable water and wastewater treatment now can be called the “classical” applications for ozone. But there are a great many more uses for this versatile chemical that might be termed “non-classical”, and these began emerging toward the end of the last century. Some of these so-called “non-classical” developing applications for ozone will be reviewed in this paper. As we enter the 21s1 century, applications for ozone in the various aspects of the agricultural and food processing industries are very active and most promising.     

晶化时间对高岭土微球上ZSM-5沸石的原位合成及其催化性能的影响

 采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR和N₂吸附等技术研究了晶化时间对高岭土微球上合成ZSM-5沸石的影响。并以大庆VGO为原料， 在重油微反装置上考察了晶化时间对高岭土微球原位合成ZSM-5沸石催化性能的影响。结果表明，晶化时间不超过24h时,只有ZSM-5沸石类似，NaP和MOR沸石的相对结晶度也是随晶化时间的增加而先增加后下降。不同晶化时间制得的样品均以B酸为主, L酸量较少, 有利于催化裂化反应进行。晶化时间为48小时的样品可以作为增产丙烯助剂, 在催化剂中添加5%(质量分数)时, 丙烯收率可从7.12%提高到9.46%。