基于星敏感器指向的船载雷达轴系误差分离模型

针对现有船载雷达动态标校方法的不足,提出了一种基于星敏感器的船载雷达轴系误差标校方法。该方法以精确的星敏感器地平指向为比对基准,解算船载雷达的轴系误差。设计了基于星敏感器的船载雷达动态标校方案,分析了船摇测量误差对雷达测角精度的影响,推导了天线座垂向变形引起的雷达测角误差修正模型。根据测量目标的不同,分别建立了联合测星与跟踪目标时的船载雷达轴系误差分离模型。最后通过联合测星试验对轴系误差分离模型进行了验证。试验结果表明,利用动态标校成果修正后的船载雷达方位、俯仰系统残差分别为3”和9”,随机残差分别为40”和45”,满足雷达轴系误差标定要求,具有较高的实用价值。     

MIMO雷达信号的盲源分离技术

针对MIMO雷达的信号特点,采用了一种多角度的雷达侦察方法,从不同的方位获取同一部雷达的独立信号样本。并在此基础上,运用主分量分析方法估计信号波形个数,运用独立分量分析的盲源分离方法分离出MIMO雷达信号的各个正交分量,最终以正交频分线性调频信号为例,在信噪比为0 dB的情况下对该信号进行了仿真分析,其结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

二氧化碳膜分离技术

分离CO2是当前能源和环境领域最重要的课题之一,与传统方法相比,膜分离法由于具有投资少、能耗低且环境友好等优点备受关注。介绍了CO2膜分离技术的原理、传递机制、工艺流程,着重论述了国内外各种CO2膜分离技术的工作原理、研究现状,应用条件及优缺点,并对各种膜的发展方向进行了展望。     

氨基改性MIL-101(Cr)用于CH4/CO2吸附分离的研究

采用浸渍法合成氨基改性金属有机骨架材料MIL-101(Cr),并用XRD、N2吸附和脱附、FT-IR和TG等表征手段考察材料的结构和性能,测试氨基改性MIL-101(Cr)吸附剂在101.3kPa、25℃下的CO2、CH4吸附量。结果表明,氨基改性后的MIL-101(Cr)与CO2作用力显著增强,提高了CO2吸附量和CO2/CH4分离性能。 PEI/MIL-101(Cr)质量比为70的MIL-101-PEI-70吸附剂的CO2吸附量由50.55cm3/g增加到89.43cm3/g,提升76%,而CH4吸附量由10.62cm3/g下降为5.91cm3/g,降低44%,用理想吸附溶液理论预测其CH4/CO2吸附选择性由11增加到255。吸附CO2后的吸附剂可在80℃、真空下再生,脱附条件温和。     

Widely Tunable Morphologies in Block Copolymer Thin Films Through Solvent Vapor Annealing Using Mixtures of Selective Solvents

Thin films of block copolymers are extremely attractive for nanofabrication because of their ability to form uniform and periodic nanoscale structures by microphase separation. One shortcoming of this approach is that to date the design of a desired equilibrium structure requires synthesis of a block copolymer de novo within the corresponding volume ratio of the blocks. In this work, solvent vapor annealing in supported thin films of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) [PHEMA‐b‐PMMA] by means of grazing incidence small angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS) is investigated. A spin‐coated thin film of a lamellar block copolymer is solvent vapor annealed to induce microphase separation and improve the long‐range order of the self‐assembled pattern. Annealing in a mixture of solvent vapors using a controlled volume ratio of solvents, which are chosen to be preferential for each block, enables selective formation of ordered lamellae, gyroid, hexagonal, or spherical morphologies from a single‐block copolymer with a fixed volume fraction. The selected microstructure is then kinetically trapped in the dry film by rapid drying. This paper describes what is thought to be the first reported case where in situ methods are used to study the transition of block copolymer films from one initial disordered morphology to four different ordered morphologies, covering much of the theoretical diblock copolymer phase diagram.     

通信信号的单通道盲分离和码元序列盲估计

针对被单根天线接收的多个通信信号的单通道盲分离问题,提出了一种新算法.该算法利用各个通信信号的周期性差异和波形差异,应用过采样技术和高阶统计量分析技术来构造适用于独立分量分析的多通道混合模型,从而将多信号盲分离问题转化成波形和码元序列的估计问题.仿真证实了新算法的可行性和优越性.     

MRI与MSCT在坐骨股骨撞击综合征诊断中的应用价值分析

目的分析核磁共振成像(MRI)与多层计算机断层扫描(MSCT)在坐骨股骨撞击综合征诊断中的应用价值。方法回顾性收集2017年9月~2019年11月我院骨科收治的65例坐骨股骨撞击综合征患者的临床资料,所有患者均经手术治疗确诊,并且在术前均进行MRI和MSCT检查。比较MRI和MSCT对坐骨股骨撞击综合征患者的检出率及坐骨股骨间隙(IFS)、股方肌间隙(QFS)值、疾病相关指标、疾病相关病变影像征象检出率。结果MRI对坐骨股骨撞击综合征的检出率为92.31%,显著高于MSCT(78.46%,P=0.025)。MRI和MSCT对坐骨股骨撞击综合征患者健侧、患侧IFS和QFS值及股骨颈前倾角(FNA)、股骨小转子角(LTA)、股骨颈干角(CCD)、坐骨角(IA)值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。MRI和MSCT检测坐骨股骨撞击综合征患者健侧IFS和QFS值均显著高于患侧(P<0.05)。MRI对坐骨股骨撞击综合征患者关节面硬化的检出率(9.23%)低于MSCT(23.08%),对股方肌水肿和滑膜囊肿的检出率(66.15%和21.54%)高于MSCT(24.62%和6.15%,P<0.05)。结论MRI对坐骨股骨撞击综合征、组织水肿及囊肿的诊断检出率高于MSCT,对关节面硬化的诊断检出率低于MSCT,因此可将两种方法联合用于坐骨股骨撞击综合征的诊断。     

高层住宅落地窗、低窗台防护措施研究

近年高层住宅中因大量使用落地窗、低窗台所带来的安全问题被广泛关注,本文在梳理与落地窗、低窗台防护高度、强度、防火间距及材料做法相关规范的基础上对高层住宅的防护措施进行了研究,并提出了适宜的解决方案.     

Urine separation as part of a real-time control strategy

Considering wastewater from household sources, urine accounts for approximately 80% of the ammonia loads but for only 1% of the hydraulic load. Where classical urine separation deals with the separation and subsequent removal of urine from the wastewater stream, the method promoted here (urine separation for waste design) aims to (1) separate urine from the wastewater stream, (2) store it at the household and (3) release it in a controlled manner into the drainage system. The ultimate goal is on the one hand to average the daily dynamics in the ammonia load to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and on the other hand to reduce ammonia emissions towards receiving waters. All process steps from urine production, separation, harvesting and controlled release of urine have been modelled on a micro-level where all toilets in the system are balanced separately. As a case study the integrated urban drainage system of Vils/Reutte in Tyrol was used where a total of 11 different control strategies – ranging from simple to highly complex real-time control (RTC) applications – have been developed and tested. The evaluation (taking into account both aims as expressed above) showed that the simplest RTC applications are the most effective. The optimal performance achieved in the case study resulted in an ammonia reduction of 62% (load based) compared to the status quo. As such a method would require considerable systems changes, an incremental implementation of associated improvements were also tested in this work. An important outcome was that a large proportion of the final improvement is gained already with the first 25% of installed separation toilets.     

Shape-selective separation of geraniol and nerol via noncovalent interactionswith β-cyclodextrin

In this paper, selective separation of the isomeric compounds geraniol and nerol, based on the preferential affinity of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for geraniol was investigated. To demonstrate the potential application of β-CD for separation of geraiol from nerol, the structure of the inclusion complexes was characterized with various physico-chemical techniques. The selective noncovalent binding property of β-CD was confirmed by quantum-chemical calculations. For the mixture, which contains 50 wt% of geraniol and nerol, respectively, 96% of geraniol in complex can be obtained, and the similar separation efficiency was found after use for three times.