基于MSP430F449的掺杂煤炭快速检测系统设计

介绍了一种基于MSP430F449的掺杂煤炭快速检测仪的设计,阐述了该系统的工作原理和系统设计方案。该系统以DDS芯片AD9833为核心设计激励源,采用24位高精度A/D转换器CS5532实现数据采集,通过RS—232实现上位机和下位机的通信。在煤炭阻抗数据预处理中,采用剔除疏失误差技术,并设计了基于LabVIEW的上位机数据库管理系统。实验证明:该仪器便于携带,低功耗,能够准确识别煤炭的掺杂情况,同时具有操作简单、稳定可靠、方便管理等特点。     

Fine coal desulphurization by leaching with bromine containing hydrobromic acid

Sulphur extraction from coal by leaching with bromine-containing aqueous hydrobromic acid has been investigated in the temperature range from ambient to 120 °C. This procedure was found to be selective for the removal of high levels of sulphate and pyritic sulphur within a few minutes of leaching, while no significant reduction of the organic sulphur could be observed. Leaching led to an appreciable reduction of the ash yield and the up-take of substantial quantities of bromine. The bromine can be removed as hydrogen bromide by thermal treatment under nitrogen, without significant loss of volatile matter; for reduction of the bromine level to below 0.1 wt%, treatment for at least 1 h at ≈ 500 °C was needed.     

基于CAN总线的焦化备煤控制系统设计

以开滦中润煤化工有限公司焦化厂备煤过程为背景,介绍了备煤控制系统的研究和设计方法。首先基于生产工艺流程,分析焦化过程需要解决的问题以及实现的控制功能。然后构造系统总体框架,包括系统硬件结构、软件实施等。建立CAN总线网络,利用CAN现场总线协议形成开放型的两级计算机控制系统。     

煤的荧光特性与其工艺性能的关系研究

简述了煤中镜质组荧光产生的机理及荧光参数的测量方法,通过测定一系列煤的粘结性和10kg小焦炉结焦性试验,探讨了煤的荧光特性与其工艺性能的关系。煤的荧光参数与其反射率呈正的线性相关关系,与其挥发分含量呈负的线性相关关系;煤的粘结性、结焦性均与其荧光参数有关;当煤化程度相同、煤岩组成基本相同时,煤的荧光强度愈强,其结焦性能愈好。     

Rapid pyrolysis of brown coal and oil shale

A brown coal, peat and oil shale were subjected to a rapid pyrolysis process and medium-heat-value gases together with tar were collected. The char residue was of high activity and suitable for gasification to create a two-stage gasification system. The coal-tar is used for manufacturing liquid fuels and chemicals.     

In-situ monitoring of the stabilization with hydrogen of free radicals thermally induced from coal using high pressure e.s.r., d.t.a. and p.d.a. equipment

High temperature, high pressure e.s.r. measurements of the hydrogenation reaction of Taiheiyo coal in the presence of catalysts were carried out to understand the stabilization of thermally and/or catalytically induced free radicals. A decrease in free radical concentration with increasing temperature was observed for ZnCl₂ and SnCl₂ · 2H₂O catalysts at 10MPa under hydrogen gas. High pressure modified single-cell d.t.a. and p.d.a. equipment augmented the uniquely designed high temperature, high pressure e.s.r. cell. The hydrogenation reaction was monitored under the same experimental conditions as for e.s.r. From the results of the combination of high temperature, high pressure e.s.r. with high pressure d.t.a. and p.d.a., it was established that H₂ molecules can react efficiently with free radicals from coal molecules created by the presence of ZnCl₂ and SnCl₂ · 2H₂O catalysts.     

Comparative reactivities of coal asphaltenes during hydropyrolysis

Comparisons have been drawn in the relative reactivities of three coal asphaltenes during hydropyrolysis. All were derived from hydrogen donor-solvent extracts of bituminous coal, but had different hydrotreatment histories and different carbon contents (87.1, 91.9 and 90.8 wt% for asphaltenes 1, 2 and 3, respectively). The hydropyrolyses were carried out in the presence of CoO–MoO₃ catalyst and gaseous hydrogen at 8.7 MPa. For two of the asphaltenes (1 and 2) systematic comparisons were made for different reaction times at 425°C; for all three asphaltenes comparisons were made for l h of hydropyrolysis at 425°C. The general pattern of asphaltenes conversion indicated that more pentane-soluble product was produced from asphaltene isolated from straight coal extract (asphaltene 1). For the asphaltenes isolated from hydrotreated extracts, the extent of conversion to liquids was limited when the carbon content was high (asphaltene 2) although the pattern of conversion was similar in the other hydrotreated asphaltene (asphaltene 3). The aliphatic content of the liquid products formed was low, and the distribution of hydrogenated species in the highly aromatic liquid products indicated that complete hydrogenation of the polyaromatics produced in pyrolysis is difficult. Altogether the aliphatics made up ≈ 10 wt% of the asphaltene 1 hydropyrolysate. Aromatic hydrocarbons made up 90% of the liquid product. Phenanthrene, pyrene and anthracene were prominent, and the largest component in the mixture was phenanthrene which, together with other polyaromatics such as fluoroanthene, dominated the liquid product.     

国内外型焦生产工艺及发展前景

介绍了国内外型焦技术的生产工艺、型煤碳化的过程和影响因素,以及国内目前几种碳化窑炉,通过对型焦和焦炭的对比分析,指出洁净型焦生产技术的优势必然会使它在未来具有巨大的发展空间。     

石灰石在煤气化过程中的催化和固硫作用

基于CaO在煤气化中的催化和固硫作用,以及石灰石加热分解的性质,石灰石有可能作为煤气化过程中的催化剂和固硫剂。本文根据国内外对石灰石在煤燃烧和煤气化中作用的研究,从石灰石结构、Ca/C,Ca/S,可能的反应机理等几个方面进行了介绍和分析,并指出需进一步研究的内容。     

双阳煤在PKM气化炉试烧总结

介绍了在PKM气化炉中弱粘结性双阳煤的试烧情况,并给出了主要工艺参数控制范围。试烧结果表明:依兰煤中配入50%双阳煤,汽氧比6.0:1时,气化炉工况良好。