Techno-economic analysis and a novel assessment technique of paper mill sludge conversion to bioethanol toward sustainable energy production

A novel bioprocess design to convert paper mill sludge (PMS) to biofuels is proposed in this work. The design utilizes cellulosic fiber recovered from the PMS via optimized de-ashing (HCl washing) step. This work specifically provided a technical and economic analysis of paper mill sludge conversion into biofuel production using a novel protocol. The protocol is based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to assess the quality of the contained cellulose prior to further processing. The results are crucially important to determine the suitability of the PMS feedstock to produce biofuels. SEM analysis was employed as a preliminary screening tool to evaluate sludge digestibility and conversion. The SEM characterization technique established a direct relationship between the fiber morphology, presence of crystals salts and sugar yield after enzymatic hydrolysis. Substantial structural changes were observed before and after de-ashing the sludge samples, leading to a correlation between the surface morphology and the washing step. The results suggested that de-ashing changes the surface morphology and upon analysis, increased the sugar yield up to about 86% as opposed to 2.2% in sludge sample A as an example. The PMS conversion into biofuel was simulated using Aspen PLUS and compared to a similar process using corn stover as feedstock. The simulation results showed it is 20% cheaper to produce bioethanol from PMS compared to corn stover. The simulation revealed less energy demand by around 13 320 MJ/h compared to that when corn stover was used.     

气体分馏装置的模拟与优化

采用ASPENPLUS模拟软件对一套生产能力40万吨／年的气体分馏装置建立模拟流程,对其工艺流程进行了模拟计算,分析各工艺参数对产品质量的影响,并针对其存在的问题进行工艺参数优化,在保证产品质量达标的前提下,降低能耗,提高产品收率,提高经济效益。     

乙烯精馏塔热泵流程的模拟

利用ＡＳＰＥＮＰＬＵＳ软件,对常规乙烯精馏塔的操作工况进行了模拟。在此基础上,提出了精馏塔的两种开式热泵流程并作了模拟计算,确定了以上两种开式热泵流程的操作条件。计算结果表明,与乙烯常规精馏相比,Ａ型开式热泵流程可节能２４．９％,Ｂ型开式热泵流程可节能１２．６％。     

一种新型数字式继电保护装置的设计方案

介绍了基于MOTOROLA嵌入式微处理器MPC5 5 5的新型微机继电保护装置的硬件系统 ,并阐述了其基于NucluesPLUS多任务实时操作系统的软件设计思想。     

数据库系统远程数据传输方法

综合地分析了数据库应用系统中数据远程传输的几种方法，并实现了相应的算法，同时论述了几种传输方法的优缺点。     

影响干气脱硫效果因素分析

通过运用ASPEN PLUS进行流程模拟计算,系统分析了气体脱硫塔的板数、操作温度以及贫胺液的流量、浓度和贫胺液中硫化氢残余量等因素对炼厂干气脱硫效果的影响,为优化设计和实际生产操作提供依据.     

数据库应用系统中数据远程传输方法探讨

本文综合地分析了数据库应用系统系统中数据远程传输的几种方法 ,并实现了相应的算法 ,同时论述了几种数据传输方法的优缺点     

TSP技术在黄龙寺隧道施工中的应用

结合石武客运专线黄龙寺隧道工程实践，介绍了采用隧道地质超前预报系统TSP203PLUS对黄龙寺隧道进行地质情况预测，对预测成果进行分析，为工程设计提供依据，指导工程安全施工。     

合成氨系统反应温度对能耗影响模拟研究

应用ASPEN PLUS软件对合成氨系统进行模拟,考察了合成塔反应温度对合成圈内压缩、冷却、加热能耗的影响,结果表明,催化剂的低温活性越好,合成塔出口氨浓度越高,整个合成圈的能耗越低。     

基于ASPEN PLUS软件的甲烷化工艺模型

利用ASPEN PLUS对煤制天然气的甲烷化工艺进行了流程模拟。模型模拟得到了替代天然气成分、反应器出口温度、循环比、分流率,揭示了循环比和分流率对反应器出口温度的影响。通过该模型,能够为工艺方案比选、优化设计提供模拟和预测。