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131.
B.‐J. Fang Y.‐J. Shan H.‐Q. Xu H.‐S. Luo Z.‐W. Yin 《Advanced functional materials》2004,14(2):169-173
Pb[(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.91Ti0.09]O3 (PZNT91/9) single crystals were grown by two methods: from solution using PbO as a self‐fluxing agent (SC method) and directly from the melt without fluxing (MC method). In both growth methods, an allomeric Pb[(Mg1/3‐Nb2/3)0.69Ti0.31]O3 (PMNT69/31) single crystal was used as a seed. X‐ray diffraction patterns of ground crystals showed that phase‐pure perovskite PZNT91/9 single crystals were successfully fabricated by the above two methods. The composition of the crystals obtained by both the SC and MC methods was analyzed using X‐ray fluorescence, which confirmed that the crystal composition is close to the nominal value, although volatilization of PbO and segregation during crystal growth are inevitable. The MC PZNT91/9 crystals exhibit excellent piezoelectric properties, with the piezoelectric constant, d33, in the range of 1800–2200 pC N–1. This value is comparable to that of the SC crystals. However, the MC crystals show an abnormal dielectric behavior. In contrast with the SC crystals, in the MC crystals a much broader dielectric peak appears in the dielectric response curves, accompanied by a much lower peak temperature of around 105 °C. Furthermore, frequency dispersion is apparent over a much wider temperature range (even more apparent than in pure relaxors), where a large, i.e., about 70 °C, full width at half maximum (FWHM) for the dielectric peaks is observed in the dielectric response. It is speculated that such an unusual phenomenon correlates with defects, microinhomogeneities, and polar regions in the as‐grown MC crystals. The origins of this abnormality have not been interpreted in detail until now. However, optical observation of the domain structure confirms that both the SC and MC crystals possess complex structural states. 相似文献
132.
连续波半主动雷达制导空空导弹截获跟踪距离计算 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析了连续波半主动雷达制导导弹导引头工作电磁环境和对武器系统攻击区的影响,建立了热噪声和杂波干扰环境下导引头截获距离方程,分析推导了直波泄漏干扰,地杂波干扰的计算公式,并在此基础上给出了导弹允许攻击区计算公式。 相似文献
133.
A cell vertex finite volume method for the solution of steady compressible turbulent flow problems on unstructured hybrid
meshes of tetrahedra, prisms, pyramids and hexahedra is described. These hybrid meshes are constructed by firstly discretising
the computational domain using tetrahedral elements and then by merging certain tetrahedra. A one equation turbulence model
is employed and the solution of the steady flow equations is obtained by explicit relaxation. The solution process is accelerated
by the addition of a multigrid method, in which the coarse meshes are generated by agglomeration, and by parallelisation.
The approach is shown to be effective for the simulation of a number of 3D flows of current practical interest.
Sponsored by The Research Council of Norway, project number 125676/410
Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Mike Crisfield, a respected colleague 相似文献
134.
Fatigue crack propagation of multiple coplanar cracks with the coupled extended finite element/fast marching method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A numerical technique for modeling fatigue crack propagation of multiple coplanar cracks is presented. The proposed method couples the extended finite element method (X-FEM) [Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. 48 (11) (2000) 1549] to the fast marching method (FMM) [Level Set Methods & Fast Marching Methods: Evolving Interfaces in Computational Geometry, Fluid Mechanics, Computer Vision, and Materials Science, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1999]. The entire crack geometry, including one or more cracks, is represented by a single signed distance (level set) function. Merging of distinct cracks is handled naturally by the FMM with no collision detection or mesh reconstruction required. The FMM in conjunction with the Paris crack growth law is used to advance the crack front. In the X-FEM, a discontinuous function and the two-dimensional asymptotic crack-tip displacement fields are added to the finite element approximation to account for the crack using the notion of partition of unity [Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Engng. 139 (1996) 289]. This enables the domain to be modeled by a single fixed finite element mesh with no explicit meshing of the crack surfaces. In an earlier study [Engng. Fract. Mech. 70 (1) (2003) 29], the methodology, algorithm, and implementation for three-dimensional crack propagation of single cracks was introduced. In this paper, simulations for multiple planar cracks are presented, with crack merging and fatigue growth carried out without any user-intervention or remeshing. 相似文献
135.
化学-电解氧化法制备高铁酸钾的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文用化学-电解氧化法制备高铁酸钾,克服了纯化学氧化法产品需要提纯和纯电解氧化法制备周期长的缺点,得到了高纯度的高铁酸钾晶体。 相似文献
136.
Nd3+:Y0.5Gd0.5VO4晶体生长和基本特性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Nd^3 :Y0.5Gd0.5VO4晶体作为一种新的激光材料,可以用中频感应加热提拉法生长。X射线粉末衍射分析表明它的结构与Nd^3 :YVO4晶体结构相同,它的晶格常数介于YVO4和NdVO4晶格常数之间。用ICP光谱法测定晶体中Nd^3 含量为0.8at%,分凝系数为0.8,与Nd^3 :GdVO4晶体中Nd^3 的分凝系数0.78相当;用称重法测定其密度为5.00g/cm^3;用稳态纵向热流法测出其室温热导率为12.5W/mK。实验表明Nd^3 :Y0.5Gd0.5VO4晶体有希望作为高功率ID泵浦激光晶体材料。 相似文献
137.
Navab SinghAuthor Vitae Moitreyee Mukherjee-RoyAuthor VitaeSohan Singh MehtaAuthor Vitae 《Microelectronics Journal》2003,34(4):237-245
The patterning of contact holes by selecting out-of-focus image plane (defocus) using attenuated phase shift masks (APSM) has been studied. Defocus is found to enhance the image modulation at low partial coherence for contact holes with negative local average of mask function. Semi-dense holes up to 130 nm in 8% APSM have been printed by 0.5 μm defocus at a partial coherence of 0.31 using KrF scanner with highest numerical aperture of 0.68. However, these holes were closed with in-focus imaging. Defocus is also found to be beneficial for patterning the pitches that have extensive side lobes with in-focus imaging. 相似文献
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