LED显示屏像素黑区影响浅析

本文分析了LED显示屏像素黑区现象对显示品质的影响，引入了LED显示的亮区比例概念，提出了用提高亮区比例的方法改善LED显示屏品质的新途径。     

Charge Generation and Photovoltaic Operation of Solid‐State Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Incorporating a High Extinction Coefficient Indolene‐Based Sensitizer

An investigation of the function of an indolene‐based organic dye, termed D149, incorporated in to solid‐state dye‐sensitized solar cells using 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxypheny‐amine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) as the hole transport material is reported. Solar cell performance characteristics are unprecedented under low light levels, with the solar cells delivering up to 70% incident photon‐to‐current efficiency (IPCE) and over 6% power conversion efficiency, as measured under simulated air mass (AM) 1.5 sun light at 1 and 10 mW cm^?2. However, a considerable nonlinearity in the photocurrent as intensities approach “full sun” conditions is observed and the devices deliver up to 4.2% power conversion efficiency under simulated sun light of 100 mW cm^?2. The influence of dye‐loading upon solar cell operation is investigated and the thin films are probed via photoinduced absorption (PIA) spectroscopy, time‐correlated single‐photon counting (TCSPC), and photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) measurements in order to deduce the cause for the non ideal solar cell performance. The data suggest that electron transfer from the photoexcited sensitizer into the TiO₂ is only between 10 to 50% efficient and that ionization of the photo excited dye via hole transfer directly to spiro‐OMeTAD dominates the charge generation process. A persistent dye bleaching signal is also observed, and assigned to a remarkably high density of electrons “trapped” within the dye phase, equivalent to 1.8 × 10¹⁷ cm^?3 under full sun illumination. it is believed that this localized space charge build‐up upon the sensitizer is responsible for the non‐linearity of photocurrent with intensity and nonoptimum solar cell performance under full sun conditions.     

医药洁净厂房的回风利用问题

介绍了医药生产中有药物粉尘散发的洁净室如何利用回风、防止药物交叉污染的问题，还对利用回风的经济性作了详细分析和比较。     

无人立尺测量技术在三峡大江截流中的应用

在三峡工程大江截流进程中，随着深水围堰戗堤进占，裹头水位观测的平面位置是一个平行于围堰轴线的动态轨迹。采用无人立尺测量技术代替常规主法接测水中消除堤塌和施工车辆振动等因素对水位精度的影响，并且目标位置可根据需要随时变动。     

微波固体有源传感器研究

本文讨论微波固体源作为测量电量、非电量有源传感器的工作原理。指出频带反射高Q腔稳耿氏振荡器适于作为有源传感器,用它取样测量电容介质(ε_τ(?)2～3)薄膜的厚度,量程:200μm,分辨率≤±0.1μm,介质微扰稳频腔产生的振荡器频偏⊿f与其厚度d具有很好的线性关系。频偏的实验值与微扰方法计算值吻合良好。     

Performance and Modeling of the MWIR HgCdTe Electron Avalanche Photodiode

The operation of the mid-wave infrared (MWIR) HgCdTe cylindrical electron injection avalanche photodiode (e-APD) is described. The measured gain and excess noise factor are related to the collection region fill factor. A two-dimensional diffusion model calculates the time-dependent response and steady-state pixel point spread function for cylindrical diodes, and predicts bandwidths near 1 GHz for small geometries. A 2 μm diameter spot scan system was developed for point spread function and crosstalk measurements at 80 K. An electron diffusion length of 13.4 μm was extracted from spot scan data. Bandwidth data are shown that indicate bandwidths in excess of 300 MHz for small unit cells geometries. Dark current data, at high gain levels, indicate an effective gain normalized dark density count as low as 1000 counts/μs/cm² at an APD gain of 444. A junction doping profile was determined from capacitance–voltage data. Spectral response data shows a gain-independent characteristic.     

Impact of the injection‐level‐dependent lifetime on Voc,FF, ideality m,J02, and the dim light response in a commercial PERC cell

The injection‐level‐dependent (ILD) lifetime of the silicon wafer impacts many characteristics of the final photovoltaic cell. While efficiency is commonly understood to be impacted by the silicon bulk lifetime (at the maximum power point injection level), this work demonstrates the wide ranging impacts of ILD lifetime on the V_oc, the fill factor (FF), the diode ideality factor m, and the dim light response. Instead of a two‐diode model, we utilize a boundary + ILD bulk lifetime model to analyze a commercial passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) cell featuring an AlO_x dielectric rear passivation. The ILD lifetime is directly measured and used to calculate the bulk recombination current across injection levels. With this boundary + ILD lifetime model, we demonstrate the role of the ILD lifetime on many cell parameters in this PERC cell. For most high efficiency commercial p‐type monocrystalline solar cells, the typically lower bulk lifetime at the maximum power point versus the lifetime at the open circuit point reduces the measured FF and pseudo‐FF. This work illustrates that for a commercial PERC cell with AlO_x rear passivation, the ILD lifetime is the primary mechanism behind reduced FF, ideality factors greater than 1, and the source of the J₀₂ term in the two‐diode model. The crucial implications of this work are not only to better understand commercial PERC cell loss mechanisms but also to encourage a focus on different metrics in cell diagnostics. One such metric is the V_oc at 0.1 or 0.05 suns. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Cr/蓝宝石界面的二次离子质谱研究

采用电子束蒸发的方法在２００℃抛光的取向的蓝宝石衬底上淀积２００ｎｍ的Ｃｒ,并在高真空中退火。利用ＭＣｓ＾＋－ＳＩＭＳ技术对样品进行了深度剖析,给出了界面组分分布随退火温度与时间的变化关系。并在８５０退火样品观测一种新的界面结构。     

Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Over 86% via Surface Modification of the Nickel Oxide Hole Contact

The poor interface quality between nickel oxide (NiO_x) and halide perovskites limits the performance and stability of NiO_x-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here a reactive surface modification approach based on the in situ decomposition of urea on the NiO_x surface is reported. The pyrolysis of urea can reduce the high-valence state of nickel and replace the adsorbed hydroxyl group with isocyanate. Combining theoretical and experimental analyses, the treated NiO_x films present suppressed surface states and improved transport energy level alignment with the halide perovskite absorber. With this strategy, NiO_x-based PSCs achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.61% and a fill factor of over 86%. The device's efficiency remains above 90% after 2000 h of thermal aging at 85 °C. Furthermore, perovskite solar modules achieve PCE values of 18.97% and 17.18% for areas of 16 and 196 cm², respectively.     

固体氧化物燃料电池发展及展望

在21世纪的今天,能源和环境对人类的压力越来越大.当人们把能源供应仍然寄托于煤的综合利用为主时,可以直接使用多种碳基燃料的高温固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)发电技术将是新型高效洁净能源的有效途径之一.在发展大型电站技术的同时,固体氧化物燃料电池作为分布式电站和备用电源技术及示范工程蓬勃开展.世界范围内,各种相关鼓励SOFC快速发展的政策陆续出台.千瓦量级的SOFC发电系统将在军方首先试用,多国联合的SOFC商业化进程正在加速实施.