Influence of heat transfer on anodic oxidation of aluminium

The influence of convective heat transfer on constant current density anodizing of aluminium in sulfuric acid has been examined in a wall-jet electrode reactor. The uniformity of the anodic film thickness is related to the local electrode temperature distribution, which is dependent on the convection. The higher the local temperature, the greater the local oxide thickness. An increased local temperature enhances local field assisted oxide dissolution at the pore bases, and consequently acts to increase the local current density. At relatively high current densities, local features develop on the electrode surface, accompanied by high initial, local temperature rises. The relevance of such local features, limiting useful oxide growth, is considered further.     

氟碳铈矿／直氟碳钙铈矿混层结构中新规则混层矿物的超微结构研究

用电子衍射和晶格像技术研究了钙稀土氟碳酸盐矿物中的氟碳铈矿（Ｂ）／直氟碳钙铈矿（Ｓ）混层结构，发现并确定了Ｂ＿４Ｓ＿４、Ｂ＿８Ｓ＿６、Ｂ＿１Ｓ＿６、Ｂ＿７Ｓ＿４和Ｂ＿２Ｓ＿１５种新规则混层矿物的对称性、晶胞参数及理论晶体化学式。根据所获得的高分辨晶格像真实而直观地揭示出该类Ｂ＿ｍＳ＿ｎ（ｍ＞ｎ）型新规则混层矿物的长周期有序堆垛结构特征及变化规律。     

Sol-gel processing: A versatile concept for special glasses and ceramics

The various parameters related to sol-gel processing are discussed with special reference to those which usually attract less attention but depending on the final product in mind, can play important roles. The versatility of the sol-gel technique in materials preparation is demonstrated by discussing the various products developed at the author’s laboratory by using this processing method.     

A detailed analysis of ambipolar diffusion in nanostructured metal oxide films

In this paper a transport equation is derived which describes the behaviour of the nanostructured metal oxide films in a photoelectrochemical cell. It is shown that a detailed analysis of the charge compensation mechanism necessarily leads to a transport equation with characteristics similar to but logically distinct from the pure diffusion equation. The studied phenomenon was named ambipolar diffusion in the early 1950s. It takes into account the fact that the diffusion processes of ions and electrons occur at different speeds. A weak electric field therefore couples the processes together to preserve charge neutrality. The electric field in turn affects the transport resulting in a deviation from purely diffusive behaviour. However, this has not been widely recognised in the literature for nanostructured semiconductor films until very recently. In this paper a detailed analysis is presented. It is based on the assumption that the current density is solenoidal. It is shown that application of the ambipolar diffusion model to a photoelectrochemical cell based on a nanostructured metal oxide film leads to an additional term in the transport equation, rather than only a new diffusion coefficient as in earlier work. It is also shown that the boundary conditions interact closely with the equation to form a transport model.     

家电产品常用板材的选用

本文首先介绍国内和日本、德国、俄罗斯等国冷轧薄钢板及镀锌薄钢板的牌号、标记识别及生产地及与我国家标准薄钢板牌号的相互之间的关系，并比较具体地介绍冷轧板的实效性、镀锌薄钢板的锌层特性等诸多方面的状况。从而帮助我们在设计、制造家电产品中，比较正确地选择合适的板材。     

矿物溶解动力学与全球环境

硅酸盐矿物和碳酸盐矿物是构成地壳的主要造岩矿物,论述了两类矿物溶解动力学的研究现状与展望,指出两类矿物的溶解和沉积过程中CO2吸收和释放,对全球环境有重要影响。     

Promising alloys for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell interconnect application

The formation of a low Cr-volatility and electrically conductive oxide outer layer atop an inner chromia layer via thermal oxidation is highly desirable for preventing chromium evaporation from solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) metallic interconnects at the SOFC operation temperatures. In this paper, a number of ferritic Fe–22Cr alloys with different levels of Mn and Ti as well as a Ni-based alloy Haynes 242 were cyclically oxidized in air at 800 °C for twenty 100-h cycles. No oxide scale spallation was observed during thermal cycling for any of these alloys. A mixed Mn₂O₃/TiO₂ surface layer and/or a (Mn, Cr)₃O₄ spinel outer layer atop a Cr₂O₃ inner layer was formed for the Fe–22Cr series alloys, while an NiO outer layer with a Cr₂O₃ inner layer was developed for Haynes 242 after cyclic oxidation. For the Fe–22Cr series alloys, the effects of Mn and Ti contents as well as alloy purity on the oxidation resistance and scale area specific resistance were evaluated. The performance of the ferritic alloys was compared with that of Haynes 242. The mismatch in thermal expansion coefficient between the different layers in the oxide scale was identified as a potential concern for these otherwise promising alloys.     

溶胶–凝胶法制备ATO-SiO_2抗静电复合薄膜的特性研究

采用两步溶胶–凝胶法制备出 ATO(掺锑氧化锡)-SiO_2复合抗静电薄膜。通过 DTA-TG、XRD、SEM 对 薄膜的结构和形貌进行了表征,结果表明:抗静电复合薄膜表面均匀致密。薄膜中 SiO_2为无定形结构,ATO 的衍射峰 与 SnO_2一致。研究了 SnO_2的含量对薄膜导电性能、结合强度和透过率的影响,发现随 SnO_2含量增加 ?(SnO_2/ SiO_2)从 5 至 12.5,薄膜的表面电阻降低(从 1010ù/□降低到 108ù/□),薄膜的结合强度下降,薄膜的透过率降低(从 89.0%降至 84.2%),结合三方面性能,得出最佳 SnO_2的配比为:?(SnO_2/ SiO_2)=10。     

环氧乙烷合成乙二醇的研究进展

介绍了环氧乙烷合成乙二醇的主要生产方法，包括以壳牌、联碳化学公司以及Halcon—SD公司为代表的环氧乙烷直接水合法，环氧乙烷催化水合法和碳酸乙烯酯法，后两种乙二醇生产方法是目前国内外研究开发的热点。催化剂体系是催化水合法工艺的关键，重点介绍了国内外各主要公司对催化剂体系的研究进展及使用效果；碳酸乙烯酯法分为乙二醇和碳酸二甲酯联产法以及碳酸乙烯酯水解法，详细介绍了国内外各主要公司对该技术的研究进展，包括工艺流程、催化剂体系等方面。将3种乙二醇生产方法进行技术经济比较，结果表明，催化水合法和碳酸乙烯酯法在原料消耗和能耗方面占优势。并对我国乙二醇生产工艺技术提出建议。