几种吸附式致冷新工质对的性能预测

应用吸附平衡基本理论对几种可能的吸附式致冷新工质对的性能进行了预测。结果表明，烷烃系列的低混点工质与沸石的配对体系是不可取的，而沸石－氨、活性炭－丙酮、活性炭－氨及活性炭－乙醇则是沸石－水、活性炭－甲醇体系的适宜的替代物。     

适用于实时协同编著系统的并发控制研究

实时协同编著系统是最受欢迎的实时ＣＳＣＷ应用系统之一，适用于实时协同编著系统的并发控制用于解决参与协同工作用户对共享对象操作时存在的冲突问题。本文对这种新的并发控制与适用于分布式数据库系统等的传统并发控制进行了比较，讨论了一些适用于实时协同编著系统并发控制方法的新评价参数，分析了传统并发控制方法应用到实时协同编著系统时所遇到的问题。最后，我们介绍了一些文献中已有原型系统所使用的并发控制方法。     

创鲁班奖工程的几点注意事项

分析了“鲁班奖”工程通过率低的原因,详细地探讨了申报“鲁班奖”工程主要应该重视的几个方面,以促进施工企业的创杯工作,从而起到提高工程质量管理水平,提高企业知名度的作用。     

加强和改进纪检监察工作的几点做法

加强和改进纪检监察工作，必须强化教育，落实党风廉政建设责任制；完善制度，建立有效的监督制约机制：正风肃纪，严肃查处违纪违法案件；围绕中心，开展效能监察工作；维护稳定，构建企业和谐稳定环境。     

基于工作过程导向的《网络设备配置与管理》课程开发研究

简要介绍了德国双元制职业教育理论以及传统学科体系的课程模式的弊端,详细阐述了基于工作过程导向的《网络设备配置与管理》课程开发,包括整体改革思路、行动领域、学习领域、学习情境,以及教学过程等。     

基于统一硬化参量的海洋K0固结土动力本构模型

为方便海洋工程中桩土相互作用计算,根据海洋K₀固结土体特性,对现有相关土体本构模型进行简化。在修正剑桥模型的基础上,基于热力学理论,选用耗散功作为硬化参量,结合原状土体的固结属性,推导了适用于黏土与砂土的统一硬化模型。在此基础上,通过采用旋转硬化与等向硬化相结合的硬化理论来表征K₀固结土在循环荷载作用下的硬化规律,同时引入屈服面收缩参数Θ来描述循环荷载加载过程中土体屈服面的演化特性,进而建立了循环荷载下海洋K₀固结土体统一硬化模型。为验证本文提出的本构模型的合理性,开展了2个案例的对比研究,研究结果表明:新提出的统一硬化模型的计算值与实测值吻合,选用的计算参数少且物理意义明确。     

Forest harvesting in rural properties: Risks and worsening to the worker’s health under the ergonomics approach

Through an ergonomic approach, this study aimed to evaluate whether workers involved in forest harvesting activities in rural properties are subject to the development of work-related diseases, as well as their consequences. A cross-sectional study with 267 forest workers in rural properties in the Brazilian Central region was used. The following evaluations were performed for each of the activities (felling, delimbing, tracing, manual extraction and manual loading): physical workload evaluation; biomechanical evaluation; risk of repetitive strain injuries/work-related musculoskeletal disorders; environmental noise and vibration factors, where relevant, and thermal overload through the Wetbulb Globe Temperature index. The results showed that in general the physical workload was very high, exceeding the cardiovascular load limits and adding to the need for work reorganization. All activities exposed workers to serious and imminent risks of developing injuries to the spine and lower limbs. Likewise, in general the risk of the appearance of RSI/WMSDs was very high for all activities evaluated. Such results are due to the combination of organizational work factors and factors of the work environment such as exposure to bad weather, uneven terrain, lifting and handling loads above tolerable limits, excessive noise and thermal overload. All of this allows to conclude that ergonomic risks and workers’ health hazards in forest harvesting in rural properties are latent and very worrying, and that these workers are exposed to a form of labor exploitation that invariably leads to physical and emotional exhaustion and therefore to their decreased labor capacity and useful working life.     

Analysis of information exchange activities to actualize and validate situation awareness during shift changeovers in nuclear power plants

Shift work situations occur in almost all safety‐critical organizations, and the investigations of some catastrophes like Chernobyl, Exxon Valdez, and the Gol/Legacy mid‐air collision indicated that shift work information exchange played an important role during the evolution of the situation before the accidents. Inadequate communications during shift changeovers challenged operators' work in the moments that preceded these accidents, because they got inadequate information about the current situation. Our research focuses on the information exchange activities (verbal, written, and nonverbal) of nuclear power plant control operators during shift changeovers. Our aim is to investigate how verbal exchanges and other representations enable operator crews to share information regarding the events that occurred in the previous shift to achieve adequate situation awareness. Our findings indicated the importance and richness of the information exchange during the shift changeover process to update and validate individual and collective situation awareness, showing that information adequately shared enables the ad hoc configurations of regulation loops and a safer use of simplified strategies that can be understood and be validated by other operators, reducing the occurrence of cognitive overloads and contributing to the construction of a common cognitive ground that enhances system resilience. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

From ethnographic record to system design

This paper explores the issues involved in moving from ethnographic explorations of work in context to a practical contribution to system design. It does so using the example of an interdisciplinary research project involving sociologists and computer scientists in the domain of air traffic control systems. It forms a pair with another paper (Sommerville et al., 1992) exploring these questions from the perspective of our computer science partners. We characterise ethnography as a research method, and consider the differences between undertaking it for strictly sociological or anthropological purposes by contrast with interdisciplinary and design purposes. We summarise some of our results in ethnographic explications of the work of air traffic controllers, and the sociality which it manifests. We describe the dialogues involved in rendering these observations informative for systems design, and the mutual translations implied in attempting to reconcile sociological with software engineering questions about supporting the work. We conclude by specifying some features of cooperative work which an engineering approach is in danger of overlooking; the ways, and limits, in which ethnographers can form a bridge between users and designers; and some of the conflicts of interest entrained in generating technical change.The research is funded by the UK MRC/SERC/ESRC Cognitive Science/HCI Initiative with the title Social Analysis of Control Systems for HCI Design, grant number SPG 8931598. The computer science partners are Professor Ian Sommerville, Dr Tom Rodden, Dr Pete Sawyer and Mr Richard Bentley. Thanks are due to Val King, Kjeldt Schmidt, Ian Sommerville and Tom Rodden for very helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper.     

档案网站建设文献统计计量分析

档案网站建设是新世纪档案工作新媒介和新事物。文章从多个方面对2000年以来,有关档案网站建设研究期刊文献进行了统计与分析。