Ca(Na)-Co-O基热电氧化物研究进展

介绍了钴基氧化物热电材料研究现状及前景.重点介绍了具有潜力的Na/Ca-Co-O热电氧化物材料的结构、热电性能特征、制备等研究现状;并对Na/Ca-Co-O基热电氧化物Na/Ca位和Co位掺杂研究进行了评述;最后指出了钴基氧化物热电材料的应用前景和研究方向.     

碳热还原法制备Sn-C复合材料及其性能

用碳热还原法制备了Sn-C复合材料,通过XRD及SEM对其进行表征,并通过恒流充放电循环和慢速扫描循环伏安等方法对其电化学嵌脱锂性能做了研究.结果表明:SnO2碳热还原成金属Sn,晶粒尺寸约为42.8nm.该材料的首次嵌脱锂比容量分别可以达到1024.9和632.8mAh/g,循环15周以后的脱锂比容量为395.9mAh/g.     

Effect of metal-sulfide additives on electrochemical properties of nano-sized Fe2O3-loaded carbon for Fe/air battery anodes

In the present study, K₂S and Bi₂S₃ were used as additives in electrolytes and electrodes, respectively. The effects of these additives on the electrochemical properties of nano-sized Fe₂O₃-loaded carbon electrodes were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling performance and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), along with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that both K₂S and Bi₂S₃ significantly reduced hydrogen evolution and benefited the Fe₂O₃-loaded carbon electrode, such as by retarding passivation and improving the discharge capacity. The effects of metal sulfide additives depended on the carbon used. For Bi₂S₃ additive, all carbons provided larger capacities than acetylene black (AB) while AB gave greater capacity than other carbons when K₂S was used.     

Synthesis and characterization of Li2MnSiO4/C nanocomposite cathode material for lithium ion batteries

A high capacity Li₂MnSiO₄/C nanocomposite cathode material with good rate performance for lithium ion batteries through a solution route has been successfully prepared. The material is able to deliver a reversible capacity of 209 mAh g⁻¹ in the first cycle, i.e. more than one electron exchange can be reversible cycled in the materials. The highly dispersion of nanocrystalline Li₂MnSiO₄ which was surround by a thin film of carbon was attributed to the cause of excellent performance of the materials. Ex situ XRD and IR results show that poor cycling behavior of Li₂MnSiO₄ might be due to an amorphization process of the materials.     

Electrochemical performance of nanostructured amorphous Co3Sn2 intermetallic compound prepared by a solvothermal route

A nanostructured amorphous Co₃Sn₂ intermetallic compound was prepared by a solvothermal route. The microstructure and the electrochemical performance were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), galvanostatic cycling, and ex situ XRD. It was found that the as-prepared material is in nanoscale and is amorphous. The amorphous Co₃Sn₂ shows a first specific capacity of 363 mA h g⁻¹ compared to 92 mA h g⁻¹ for the crystalline one prepared by annealing the amorphous material. Ex situ XRD investigation shows that the amorphous Co₃Sn₂ undergoes a crystallization process during cycling, which leads to the capacity fade.     

Thermoelastic study of a functionally graded annular fin with variable thermal parameters using semiexact solution

Abstract

In this paper, the thermoelastic behavior of a functionally graded material (FGM) annular fin is investigated. The material properties of the annular fin are assumed to vary radially. The heat transfer coefficient and internal heat generation are considered to be functions of temperature. A closed form solution of nonlinear heat transfer equation for the FGM fin is obtained using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) which leads to nonuniform temperature distributions within the fin. The temperature field is then coupled with the classical theory of elasticity and the associated thermal stresses are derived analytically. For the correctness of the present closed form solution for the stress field, the results are compared with the ANSYS-based finite element method (FEM) solution. The present HPM-based closed form solution of the stress field exhibits a good agreement with the FEM results. The effect of various thermal parameters such as the thermogeometric parameter, conduction-radiation parameter, internal heat generation parameter, coefficient of variation of thermal conductivity, and the coefficient of thermal expansion on the thermal stresses are discussed. The results are presented in both nondimensional and dimensional form. The dimensional stress analysis discloses the suitability of FGM as the fin material in practical applications.     

Influence of thermomechanical processing on the structure and properties of Cu-Ag alloy in situ composites

1IntroductionTheinsitucomposites based on copper alloys with high strength and high electrical conductivity hasbeen developed for applications such as high field magnets,where the tensile strengths in excess of1GPaand electric conductivity above50%IACS(International Annealed Copper Standard)are required[1-5].TheCu alloys included essentially two types:one is the alloy system of Cu with face-centered-cubic(fcc)ele-ments such as Ag,another is the alloy systemof Cu with body-centered-cubic(b…     

An overview on novel thermal barrier coatings

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) offer the potential to significantly improve efficiencies of aero engines as well as stationary gas turbines for power generation. On internally cooled turbine parts, temperature gradients of the order of 100-150℃ can be achieved. TBCs, typically consisting of an yttrium stabilized zirconia top coat and a metallic bond coat deposited onto a superalloy substrate, are mainly used to extend lifetime. Further efficiency improvements require TBCs being an integral part of the component which requires reliable and predictable TBC performance. TBCs produced by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EbPVD) or plasma spray (PS) deposition are favored for high performance applications. The paper highlights critical R&D needs for advanced TBC systems with a special focus on reduced thermal conductivity and life prediction needs. To further enhance the efficiency of gas turbines, higher temperature and a longer lifetime of the coating are needed for the next generation of TBCs. This paper presents the development of new materials, new deposition technologies, and new concept for application as novel TBCs. This paper summarizes the basic properties of conventional thermal barrier coatings. Based on our own investigation, we reviewed the progress on materials and technologies of novel thermal barrier coatings. Except yttria stabilized zirconia, other materials such as lanthanum zirconate and rare earth oxides are also promising materials for thermal barrier coatings. Nanostructure thermal barrier coating is presented as a new concept. This paper also summarizes the technologies for depositing the thermal barrier coatings.     

浅析配合料质量的影响因素

通过生产实践，对配合料质量影响因素作了具体分析。影响调合料质量因素诸多，但如果控制好几个环节，仍能制备出优质的配合料。从配合料质量的检测方法、取样代表性、影响配合料质量的机械设备、原料粒度、水分、加水温度等诸多方面对调合料质量的影响因素进行了深入分析，阐述了要配出优质的配合料必须要加强配合料均匀度的检测、各种设备的管理及配合料制备的工艺管理等。     

Hydrogen desorption properties of MgH2-TiCr1.2Fe0.6 nanocomposite prepared by high-energy mechanical alloying

In the present work, high-energy mechanical alloying (MA) was employed to synthesize a nanostructured magnesium-based composite for hydrogen storage. The preparation of the composite material with composition of MgH₂-5 at% (TiCr_1.2Fe_0.6) was performed by co-milling of commercial available MgH₂ powder with the body-centered cubic (bcc) alloy either in the form of Ti-Cr-Fe powder mixture with the proper mass fraction (sample A) or prealloyed TiCr_1.2Fe_0.6 powder (sample B). The prealloyed powder with an average crystallite size of 14 nm and particle size of 384 nm was prepared by the mechanical alloying process. It is shown that the addition of the Ti-based bcc alloy to magnesium hydride yields a finer particle size and grain structure after mechanical alloying. As a result, the desorption temperature of mechanically activated MgH₂ for 4 h decreased from 327 °C to 262 °C for sample A and 241 °C for sample B. A high dehydrogenation capacity (∼5 wt%) at 300 °C is also obtained. The effect of the Ti-based alloy on improvement of the dehydrogenation is discussed.