空调负荷的神经计算法

提出了一种新的空调负荷计算方法－空调负荷神经计算法，介绍了其概念，原理及方法。     

地下空间空气负离子对人体的影响

在某地下建筑房间内进行一次试验以了解地下空间中负离子对人员的影响。试验中采用脑电、主观感觉调查和脉膊、血压以及智力测试方法。从试验结果统计分析后得到,由于负离子缺乏,人员脑电显示出α波减低,δ、θ波升高,且人员的精神感觉也有一些不良影响,可见这就是长期在地下工作人员感到压抑、烦恼、胸闷、疲乏的原因之一。用人工负离子可以改善这一状态,其离子浓度大约控制在2400～10000个/cm~3范围内。     

地下室设计技术措施探讨

从施工图审查的角度结合地下室设计常见的技术措施围绕抗浮设计、人防设计、节能设计三个大的方面进行阐述，在基础底板、侧墙、项板等技术控制方面和广大技术人员进行探讨，并在此基础上提出一些新问题。     

试论空气自动监测系统的社会化运营监管

本文针对我国现有的空气质量自动监测系统的运行,结合我国空气质量现状,具有针对性的整理出了关于空气自动监测系统能够保质保量完成的先进经验。本文系统的解释了空气自动监测系统,也希望能够借此来推动空气自动监测系统的进一步发展。     

跨线桥梁门洞施工技术

本文以某跨津塘公路的分离式立交工程为例,详细介绍了门洞在现浇跨线桥梁中的应用,以期对今后类似桥梁工程的施工具有一定的参考价值。     

折算天数法确定冰蓄冷空调系统的设计蓄冷率

本文所提出的折算天数法,将空调季的非设计日工况折合成设计日工况,并计算得到冰蓄冷空调系统在相应设计蓄冷率下的空调季折算天数,建立实例工程模型,利用设计日工况和相应的折算天数对实例工程进行整个空调季的经济性分析,以确定合适的设计蓄冷率范围.     

地下车库诱导式通风与风管式通风系统的数值模拟分析

诱导式通风和风管式通风作为2种常用的通风系统,在地下车库通风设计中得到了广泛的应用.本文以某地下车库为载体,首先对诱导式通风系统和风管式通风系统进行了数值模拟计算.而后从气流组织、污染物浓度分布和经济性方面对2种通风方式进行分析评价,得出诱导式通风系统在气流分布方面虽不如风管式通风系统均匀,扰动较大,但有利于污染物的排放;同时,该系统运行经济,节省费用可观,综合考虑可知诱导式通风系统拥有较大的优势,具有很好的推广前景.     

Molecular Mechanisms of RSV and Air Pollution Interaction: A Scoping Review

RSV is one of the major infectious agents in paediatrics, and its relationship with air pollution is frequently observed. However, the molecular basis of this interaction is sparsely reported. We sought to systematically review the existing body of literature and identify the knowledge gaps to answer the question: which molecular mechanisms are implied in the air pollutants–RSV interaction? Online databases were searched for original studies published before August 2022 focusing on molecular mechanisms of the interaction. The studies were charted and a narrative synthesis was based upon three expected directions of influence: a facilitated viral entry, an altered viral replication, and an inappropriate host reaction. We identified 25 studies published between 1993 and 2020 (without a noticeable increase in the number of studies) that were performed in human (n = 12), animal (n = 10) or mixed (n = 3) models, and analysed mainly cigarette smoke (n = 11), particulate matter (n = 4), nanoparticles (n = 3), and carbon black (n = 2). The data on a damage to the epithelial barrier supports the hypothesis of facilitated viral entry; one study also reported accelerated viral entry upon an RSV conjugation to particulate matter. Air pollution may result in the predominance of necrosis over apoptosis, and, as an effect, an increased viral load was reported. Similarly, air pollution mitigates epithelium function with decreased IFN-γ and Clara cell secretory protein levels and decreased immune response. Immune response might also be diminished due to a decreased viral uptake by alveolar macrophages and a suppressed function of dendritic cells. On the other hand, an exuberant inflammatory response might be triggered by air pollution and provoke airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), prolonged lung infiltration, and tissue remodeling, including a formation of emphysema. AHR is mediated mostly by increased IFN-γ and RANTES concentrations, while the risk of emphysema was related to the activation of the IL-17 → MCP-1 → MMP-9 → MMP-12 axis. There is a significant lack of evidence on the molecular basics of the RSV–air pollution interaction, which may present a serious problem with regards to future actions against air pollution effects. The major knowledge gaps concern air pollutants (mostly the influence of cigarette smoke was investigated), the mechanisms facilitating an acute infection or a worse disease course (since it might help plan short-term, especially non-pharmacological, interventions), and the mechanisms of an inadequate response to the infection (which may lead to a prolonged course of an acute infection and long-term sequelae). Thus far, the evidence is insufficient regarding the broadness and complexity of the interaction, and future studies should focus on common mechanisms stimulated by various air pollutants and a comparison of influence of the different contaminants at various concentrations.     

中国煤矿粉尘危害防治技术现状及发展方向

为了解决煤矿综掘工作面粉尘污染难题,以唐口煤矿3110运输巷综掘工作面为研究对象,对压抽风量比r为0.5、0.8、1.2、1.5条件下的多径向涡旋气幕运移及其阻尘效果开展数值模拟研究。结果表明,随着r的减小,控制风流结构的主要因素由惯性转变为抽风负压,气幕保持径向涡旋状态的轴向运移距离及其前部低速紊流区均随之减小,当r减小至0.8及0.5时,能够在掘进作业区域形成轴向阻尘流场,粉尘污染范围也随之减小。结合综掘工作面实际情况,选取r为0.8,经现场应用,掘进机司机前部断面形成了较为完整的轴向阻尘流场,风速减小至0.38~1.19 m/s,掘进机司机处粉尘质量浓度降至63.0 mg/m³。

     

煤矿避难硐室热环境控制范围探讨

基于国内外矿井避难硐室环境控制技术的研究现状,比较了国内外关于避难硐室环境控制条款规定,探讨了环境控制参数的允许范围,并从建设成本及人员安全角度出发,分析了目前针对避难硐室空气品质控制技术和温度控制技术的不足,指出了未来避难硐室环境控制技术的研究方向：①制订合理的环境参数允许范围;②基于矿井压风的CO浓度多种控制技术的协同作用;③CO₂被动化学吸附技术;④多重复合控温技术。