Nonlinear acceleration waves in porous media

We review three theories explaining why waves in a diffusion problem can travel with a finite speed. We then briefly look at a class of equivalent fluid theories for sound propagation in porous media. Finally, we derive a Cattaneo model for an elastic material containing a distribution of voids. Nonlinear acceleration wave motion in such a class of materials is also considered.     

Walking on the Moon and on Other Extraterrestrial Bodies

It will be shown that it is possible to predict the walking behavior of humans on extraterrestrial bodies – i.e. under different gravitational forces – by applying techniques from dimensional analysis to measurements obtained in a stationary terrestrial laboratory. These terrestrial experiments allow us to generate artificial data about extraterrestrial walking and are, therefore, of great importance for space travel as well as for extraterrestrial physiology. What at first glance appears to be an interesting application of dimensional analysis and model theory, proves in retrospect to be an elegant means for gaining important insights for space technology.     

A NOTE ON THE NARROW OPEN CHANNEL RESONANCE

1. INTRODUCTIONIt is well known that in a closed basin or in a harbor with a narrow entrance, resonance will occur when the external exciting frequencies are close to the standing wave frequenies in the harbor. Near the resonant frequency, a relative weak…     

冬瓜山铜矿床地质特征及找矿方向

冬瓜山铜矿床的矿体可分为层控矽卡岩型和斑岩型。层控矽卡岩型矿体铜金属量达100万t,受五通组与黄龙组之间的层间滑脱构造和岩体控制。斑岩型矿体位于层控矽卡岩型矿体下部,规模可达中型,含矿岩体是包村岩体和青山脚岩体,岩性为石英二长闪长(斑)岩,矿化蚀变作用强烈,形成了环(带)状矿化蚀变,矿化富集部位发生在石英—钾长石化带内。不同类型矿体组成了矽卡岩型—斑岩型—热液型成矿系列。冬瓜山矿床东南侧深部有找矿远景。     

化工行业承灾体脆弱性指标体系的构建

化工行业承灾体主要考虑的是石油化工行业安全生产事故发生之后,事故产生的后果对不同承灾体的交互影响,通过化工行业常见的事故类型的分析,不同的事故类型对不同的承灾体可能产生单一或叠加影响,进行承灾体脆弱性的影响因素及涵盖范围,承灾体的脆弱性的具体影响指标的分析,通过专家打分法和层次分析法确定各个指标的权重,从而可以为承灾体脆弱性等级的确定奠定初步的理论基础。     

相机与星敏组合体结构件常压热变形复合测量试验方法

针对某型号卫星相机与星敏组合体结构件的热变形试验需求,提出了一种常压热变形复合测量试验方法.在地面常压环境下,采用经纬仪、数字摄影测量相机、激光位移计共3种测量设备,通过搭建测控系统,设计试验工况,制造温度拉偏,精确复合测量试件在各种温度工况下的热变形情况,并进行相互验证,消除外部环境干扰等因素引起的试验件的位移,为验证热变形分析、改进设计提供支撑数据.试验按照试件温度状态分为4个工况、20个子工况,测量得到常压环境下相机、星敏间夹角最大变化量为200″.试验表明,该常压热变形复合测量试验方法完全满足卫星结构热变形的测量需求,探寻了相机与星敏间夹角变化与温度变化间的规律,试验数据与计算结果吻合,并为复杂几何形体的机械零件热变形测量提供了新的测试方法与手段.     

青海温泉沟沟脑地区钒、铁铜多金属矿地质特征及找矿标志

温泉沟沟脑地区钒、铁铜多金属矿处于东昆仑南坡俯冲增生杂岩带,产于中—晚元古代万宝沟群火山岩组（Pt_2-3w₁）和早寒武纪沙松乌拉组（∈₁s）地层中,赋矿岩石为黑色碳质板岩、蚀变硅质岩、重晶石岩中,矿体与围岩界线明显。矿体走向主要受区域地层展布和北西向区域断裂分布的控制,矿岩石主要金属矿物为磁铁矿、黄铜矿、铜蓝、赤铁矿、褐铁矿、孔雀石等。综合分析认为,具热水沉积叠加构造改造型多金属矿床特征,在碳质板岩、硅质岩、重晶石岩中,节理裂隙较为发育,具有条带状、纹层状构造,矿床成因属热水沉积叠加改造型钒、铁铜多金属矿。特定的层位、断裂构造、矿化蚀变及物化探异常等可以作为区域找矿标志。     

琼东南盆地深水区储层分布规律

琼东南盆地深水区经历了断陷、断拗和拗陷3大构造演化和沉积充填阶段,主要发育4种沉积体系,相应地形成了4类主要储层:1)陵三段扇三角洲或滨海相砂岩储层;2)三亚、梅山组滨浅海相砂岩储层;3)三亚—莺黄组低位体储层;4)梅山组台地边缘礁滩灰岩储层。平面上,储层发育具有明显的分带性,可划分为:北部浅水陆架滨岸砂岩、三角洲砂岩储层发育带;中央坳陷低位体储层发育带;南部永乐隆起区碳酸盐岩储层发育带。深水区主要位于后2个带,每个带储层发育的控制因素不同,可以进一步划分为多个储层发育区。每个储层发育区存在多套储盖组合,每套储盖组合在多个储层区中发育。其中台地灰岩储层可能成为南部隆起区具有重要意义的勘探层系。     

Pathogenic Impact of α-Synuclein Phosphorylation and Its Kinases in α-Synucleinopathies

α-Synuclein is a protein with a molecular weight of 14.5 kDa and consists of 140 amino acids encoded by the SNCA gene. Missense mutations and gene duplications in the SNCA gene cause hereditary Parkinson’s disease. Highly phosphorylated and abnormally aggregated α-synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies found in neuronal cells of patients with sporadic Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and glial cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in oligodendrocytes with multiple system atrophy. Aggregated α-synuclein is cytotoxic and plays a central role in the pathogenesis of the above-mentioned synucleinopathies. In a healthy brain, most α-synuclein is unphosphorylated; however, more than 90% of abnormally aggregated α-synuclein in Lewy bodies of patients with Parkinson’s disease is phosphorylated at Ser129, which is presumed to be of pathological significance. Several kinases catalyze Ser129 phosphorylation, but the role of phosphorylation enzymes in disease pathogenesis and their relationship to cellular toxicity from phosphorylation are not fully understood in α-synucleinopathy. Consequently, this review focuses on the pathogenic impact of α-synuclein phosphorylation and its kinases during the neurodegeneration process in α-synucleinopathy.     

竣工验收阶段寻租博弈分析

通过对寻租的成本-收益分析和政府官员寻租的理性分析,建立了竣工验收环节集体腐败的博弈模型。由博弈结果可知:腐败的收入大于被查处受罚的损失时,决策者才会实施腐败行为,而合伙人从合伙腐败中获得的“分红”大于被查处受到惩罚的损失,合伙人才会参与腐败。由监督寻租的博弈模型可知:监督机构实施监督的概率越大,寻租的可能性就越小,而惩罚力度足够大时,行为的预期收益会小于预期成本出现得不偿失,寻租的概率也会越小。由此可知:减少工程质量事故的有力措施就是事前监督机制和事后惩罚机制,这些具有威慑力的机制会影响建设主体的行为选择。只要建筑市场拥有健全的监督机制和足够的惩罚机制,工程质量形成过程中建设主体的投机行为将会得到有效抑制。