丁基橡胶及卤化丁基橡胶阻尼材料的研究进展

介绍了丁基橡胶的阻尼性能及应用,阐述了丁基橡胶、氯化丁基橡胶及溴化丁基橡胶阻尼材料的研究进展.指出提高损耗因子和拓宽阻尼温域是丁基橡胶基高性能阻尼材料的研究方向,丁基橡胶与其他橡胶共混、开发合适的硫化体系和填料是提高丁基橡胶基阻尼材料性能的重要手段.     

用液态含环氧基丙烯酸酯低聚物改性环氧树脂

采用溶液聚合法合成了以丙烯酸丁酯为主链的液态含环氧基丙烯酸酯低聚物,并用其对环氧树脂进行增韧改性.讨论甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯以及低聚物用量对改性环氧树脂力学性能的影响,并研究了改性环氧树脂的微观形态和耐热性能.结果表明:当低聚物用量为10%(质量分数),丙烯酸丁酯和甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯的质量比为80∶20时,改性环氧树脂的拉伸强度和冲击强度比纯环氧树脂提高6.7%和219.1%,同时体系的耐热性能基本不下降;改性环氧树脂呈两相结构,随低聚物用量增加橡胶粒子粒径尺寸增大;且Tg先升高后降低.     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯/甲基丙烯酸丁酯/苯乙烯超浓乳液聚合及动力学研究

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十六醇(HD)为复合乳化体系,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)／甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)／苯乙烯(St)为混合单体,在40℃～45℃引发聚合,制备了分散相占85％以上的稳定超浓乳液．探讨了引发剂种类、浓度,复合乳化剂配比、浓度,聚合温度等因素对乳液稳定性和聚合速率的影响。建立了该聚合反应的动力学方程。     

SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2/凹土纳米固体酸催化剂的制备及其催化合成乙酸正丁酯

以凹凸棒石黏土(简称凹土)为载体,采用沉淀法制备了SO24-/ZrO2/凹土纳米固体酸催化剂;采用XRD,EDX,TEM等方法对催化剂进行了表征;考察了载体、催化剂制备条件对催化剂催化乙酸与正丁醇进行酯化反应合成乙酸正丁酯的影响。实验结果表明,凹土晶体纤维表面高度分散的ZrO2纳米粒子与凹土的协同作用使SO24-/ZrO2/凹土纳米固体酸催化剂具有很好的活性。在m(ZrO2)∶m(凹土)=1∶2、煅烧温度500℃、煅烧时间3h的条件下制备的SO24-/ZrO2/凹土纳米固体酸催化剂的活性最高;在乙酸0.50m o、l正丁醇0.55m o、l催化剂0.6g、反应温度120℃和时间90m in的条件下,酯化率可达90.34%;该催化剂具有较好的稳定性,重复使用4次其催化活性基本保持稳定。     

橡胶基软磁复合薄膜压磁效应及机理研究

以Fe78Si9B13非晶粉体为磁性增强材料,以丁基橡胶为基体,利用模压成型法制备软磁复合薄膜,并测试其压磁效应。结果表明,在频率较低时,复合薄膜具有优良的压磁特性;复合薄膜的阻抗随着频率的升高、压应力的增大以及粉体含量的增多而减小;阻抗变化幅度随着压应力的增大而增大,随着频率的升高而减小,随着粉体含量的增多呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。用电阻与电容串联模型对复合薄膜的压磁效应进行理论分析,所得结论与实验结果相吻合。     

固体催化剂催化合成丙酸正丁酯

综述了对甲苯磺酸、十二烷基磺酸铁、磺化苯膦酸锆、氨基磺酸、强酸性阳离子交换树脂、三氯化铁、四氯化锡、氯化亚锡、无机氯 化物、树脂固载Lewis酸、水合硫酸铁、十二水合硫酸铁铵、硫酸钛、铁钾盐、季铵盐、固 体超强酸、杂多酸和分子筛等固体催化剂催化合成丙酸正丁酯的实验结果.结果表明,对甲 苯磺酸、十二烷基磺酸铁、强酸性阳离子交换树脂等作催化剂合成丙酸丁酯收率较高,具有实际应用价值.     

Effect of relative humidity and light conditions on the oxidative stability of sunflower oil blends stabilised with synthetic and natural antioxidants

The effect of relative humidity (RH) and light conditions on the oxidative stability of sunflower oil (SO) stabilised with oleoresin rosemary + ascorbyl palmitate (SOR), sage + ascorbyl palmitate (SOS) and tertiary butyl hydroquinone (SOT) was investigated. The SO without additive (SOC) served as positive control. Oil samples were subjected to 3 RH (29%, 52% and 75%) and two light conditions (dark, D and fluorescent light (600 lx), L) at 60 °C for 7 days. The oxidative stability was monitored by peroxide value (PV), conjugated diene value (CDV), free fatty acids (FFAs) and Rancimat induction period (IP). A direct relationship was noted between RH and increase in PV, CDV and FFA levels irrespective of light conditions. The detrimental effect of light on the oxidative stability was prominently noted at higher RH (75%) which followed an order: SOC > SOT > SOR > SOS. The samples stored under lower RH (29% and 52%), and dark conditions were better stabilised than light‐exposed counterparts.     

热空气老化粘弹性丁基橡胶阻尼材料的性能及其老化机理研究

采用热空气加速老化试验方法对粘弹性丁基橡胶阻尼材料的老化性能及其老化机理进行了研究,获得了老化前后丁基橡胶阻尼材料力学性能、阻尼性能及其变化规律。研究结果表明：在所选定的热空气老化65℃×310天试验条件下,阻尼材料的拉伸强度提高了1MPa,阻尼性能曲线整体向高温区域平移了10℃,而有效阻尼温域基本保持不变,与模拟计算结果一致,可以满足等效25℃×10年储存条件下的使用要求。同时,采用FTIR和SEM技术分析了阻尼材料在热氧老化条件下分子链结构和微观结构的变化,得到了粘弹性丁基橡胶阻尼材料的热空气老化机理。     

Preparation and characterization of hyperbranched polymer modified montmorillonite/chlorinated butyl rubber damping composites

In this work, Na⁺‐montmorillonite (MMT) was modified by hyperbranched polymer (HBP) and grafted with hindered phenol to improve the damping and other properties of the chlorinated butyl rubber (CIIR) composites. The hyperbranched polymer‐modified montmorillonite (HBP‐OMMT) was prepared by organic montmorillonite (OMMT) that was obtained from the cation exchange reaction between MMT and silane quaternary ammonium salt. The main characterization methods were Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The basal spacings of MMT, OMMT, and HBP‐OMMT were 1.47, 2.94, and 4.09 nm, respectively. The onset and center temperatures of decomposition (T_?5% and T_max) of HBP‐OMMT were improved from 301 and 369 °C to 332 and 398 °C, respectively. The CIIR damping composites were prepared by mechanical blending of HBP‐OMMT with pure CIIR. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites were improved from 5.4 MPa and 890% to 7.6 MPa and 1066%. From TG curves, T_?5% and T_max were increased from 297.4 and 406.0 °C to 323.3 and 410.5 °C, respectively. The dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that tan δ rose from the original 1.20 to 1.44 with the addition of HBP‐OMMT. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43645.     

丁辛醇罐区尾气焚烧系统的应用及技术改造

中石油四川石化有限公司丁辛醇项目新建一套低压火炬作为其罐区尾气安全放空设施,新建低压火炬保证生产装置正常或事故排放时能够及时、安全、可靠地在低压火炬中排放燃烧,并满足国家现行的有关标准和环保要求。现对其构造、技术特点、流程作一简要叙述;在实际使用过程中还存在一些问题,本文对这些问题及其技术解决方法作一论述。