Oxidation of acrolein on a multicomponent oxide catalyst

Catalytic oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid has been studied and the optimum composition of the multicomponent catalyst Mo _a V _b Cu _c Fe _d O _x has been found. The reaction kinetics has been measured.     

应力交变下微型土压力计的标定及应用

为了研究土压力计在不同应力状态下的敏感系数,利用镶嵌有微型土压力计的模型桩,按照两种方式设计应力交变加载模式进行标定:(a)从初始零应力状态分级加载—卸载至零;(b)从初始零应力状态加载到应力最大值,分级卸载—加载,逐渐到零应力状态。研究结果表明:初始应力为零的加载曲线线性较好,敏感系数可用线性函数进行拟合;初始应力不为零的加载曲线线性也较好,敏感系数也可用线性函数进行拟合;而卸载曲线包含显著的非线性和滞后效应,此时敏感系数就不是一个固定值,可采用指数曲线来进行拟合。将获取的标定系数应用于水平受荷模型桩的桩身应力分析中,在加载过程中3.5D~5.5D深处桩身应力一直变大,且变化幅度最大。研究成果可为水利工程中板桩、抗滑桩等水平受荷桩桩身截面尺寸及配筋设计提供参考。     

Comparison of the Effect of a Hydrocarbon Oil and a Terpene Tackifier on the Autohesion of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber

Blends of uncrosslinked styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) with a terpene tackifier resin or a naphthenic oil have been characterized, and their autohesion and cohesion determined using a T-peel geometry. SBR/oil blends are homogeneous at all proportions, while SBR/resin blends, based on DSC and DMA analysis, undergo bulk phase separation at about 50% resin. However, migration of tackifier to the surface region is proposed at much lower resin contents. Compositions diluted with oil have autohesion similar to the neat SBR. This is attributed to compensating effects; although oil hastens self-bond formation by increasing chain mobility, this is nearly equally balanced by more facile chain separation during bond rupture. In short, oil-diluted compositions are soft and weak. On the other hand, SBR compositions containing small amounts of resin have high autohesion. Resin-diluted specimens deform easily at low strain, just as those containing oil, but intertwined chains of the former have greater resistance to separation, due at least in part to higher glass transition temperatures. It is proposed that autohesion is further enhanced by migration of tackifier to the surface. This causes SBR/resin compositions to be both soft and strong-a necessary condition for high autohesion.     

T406型脱氯剂的研制与工业应用

报导了型脱氯剂的研制、性能试验和工厂运行结果。与国内外常见同类脱氯剂的对比试验及工业应用表明, 由化工部西北化工研究院开发研制的这一新型脱氯剂具有抗压碎强度高, 净化度高, 氯容量高的特点, 可以在常温下用于气相和液相原料中氯化物的脱除。即使在低温（4℃）下, 净化后原料中氯降至左右的情况下抓容量仍高达18％以上。该脱氯剂还能同时脱除原料中的硫。T406型脱氯剂已工业应用于混合二甲苯和氢原料的脱氯, 使用效果良好。     

接种固氮菌对纤维素分解过程的影响

从纤维素分解菌与联合固氮菌的接种配比,研究了混合培养对滤纸分解的影响。试验共设6个处理样,总接种量均为10%(V/V):处理Ⅰ,2%固氮菌+8%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅱ,4%固氮菌+6%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅲ,6%固氮菌+4%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅳ,10%纤维素分解菌;处理Ⅴ,10%固氮菌;CK(空白对照)。结果显示:与处理Ⅳ相比,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ的CMC酶活力及处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的滤纸分解率有明显提高。接种固氮菌的各处理样中,培养液中氮素含量与CK相比均有显著提高(P<0.05),且培养过程中pH值比较平稳,而未接种固氮菌处理培养液的氮素则低于CK,pH急剧降低。所有处理样中,接种2%固氮菌效果最佳,培养192h,其CMC酶活力与滤纸分解率比处理Ⅳ分别提高43.4%、240%;与处理Ⅴ相比,固氮菌数有显著增加(P<0.05),培养液中氮含量提高28.0%。     

含水混酸的酯化分离试验

基于中国石化扬子石化公司化工厂醋酸装置产生大量的含水甲酸、乙酸副产品,通过试验将含水混酸进行酯化、分离,得到符合工业品规格的甲酸乙酯、乙酸乙脂。试验确定酯化塔回流比为3∶1,乙醇分批次加入,乙醇实际投入量与理论量的比为1.2。酯化分离结果:甲酸乙酯的单程收率89.5%,纯度大于97%,乙酸乙酯的单程收率80.1%,纯度大于97%。     

静压桩终压力及单桩竖向承载力的相关性

以苏南软土地区的静压桩施工实测资料为依据,着重分析了静压桩的终压力与单桩竖向承载力之间的相互关系,并按照静压桩的入土深度,提出两者之间的相关性估算方法,为静压桩的安全、合理施工提供参考。     

负摩阻力计算及对桩承载力的影响

探讨了负摩阻力的计算方法及考虑负摩阻力时对桩承载力的验算，对软土层超过１５米，上部堆载大或地下水位大幅度下降地区的桩，尤其是端承桩而言，具有较大的工程实际意义。     

Effect of mixing leaves with olives on organoleptic quality of oil obtained by centrifugation

Variable quantities of leaves were added to ripe olives prior to extraction to determine their effect on the quality of the resulting olive oil. The addition of 1–3% w/w leaves improved the organoleptic quality. An increase intrans-2-hexenal aldehyde content occurred, giving the pleasant flavor of “freshly cut grass.” This compound was produced by the enzymatic breakdown of 13-L-hydroperoxide of linolenic acid in leaf homogenates.     

多菌灵·硫·三环唑混配对抑制水稻稻瘟病菌和纹枯病菌的协同增效作用

多菌灵、硫及三环唑混配成悬浮剂,对抑制稻瘟病菌的菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发、附着胞的形成、产孢能力及纹枯病菌菌丝生长等都具有较明显的协同增效作用,协同作用比率(SR)分别为1.64、5.58、4.30、1.81及1.73。混配剂集合了多菌灵、硫及三环唑的优点,并显示出耐雨水冲刷、持效期长的特点。田间试验亦表明其防病增产作用比较显著。