Review of The chemically dependent: Phases of treatment and recovery.

Reviews the book, The chemically dependent: Phases of treatment and recovery edited by Barbara C. Wallace (see record 1992-98403-000). While this book is ambitious, interesting, educational, and useful, it is also disappointing, repetitious, and incomplete. Because it tries to accomplish so much, it may appear to have succeeded too little. This book is organized around, and explicative of, several basic ideas which might have been controversial if not heretical had this book been published ten years ago. Section I, purporting to link specific "phases of recovery" to particular forms and functions of treatment, will certainly be useful for novice clinicians but falls short of its overstated goals and is thereby disappointing. Section II is a collection of moderately redundant chapters describing the etiology and treatment of substance abusers from the viewpoints of psychoanalytic, psychodynamic, ego psychology, and object-relations theorists and therapists. Section III focuses on cognitive-behavioral, self-help, and relapse-prevention treatments. Section IV is quite uneven in quality of writing and applicability of content, and could have benefited from closer editorial scrutiny or selectivity. The final section focuses on special needs of particular subpopulations of substance abusers: African-Americans, prison inmates, HIV/AIDS patients, persons who are homeless, those who have been sexually and physically abused, and others. According to the reviewer this is not the best book on substance abuse treatment, but it does present some clinically useful ideas and it is worth reading. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

合成彩色立方氧化锆的宝石学特征

市场上出现的紫色、浅紫色、浅黄色、粉红色、酒黄色、黄褐色、红色人造立方氧化锆均为亚金刚光泽, 火彩明显; 密度为5.99～6.34 g/cm3, 相对硬度为8～9; 除粉红色者表现出非均质性和弱多色性且内含大量定向排列的白色脱溶物外, 其余的为均质性, 内部洁净; 不同颜色的立方氧化锆的吸收光谱、紫外荧光以及滤色镜下的变色情况均存在差异; 浅紫色立方氧化锆的吸收光谱特征表明它是Nd致色. 能谱分析结果表明: 彩色立方氧化锆的常见元素有Zr, Y, P, Hf, Ca等; Er, Ce, Fe分别是粉红色、红色、酒黄色立方氧化锆的致色元素; 当Y2O3的摩尔分数大于或近于7%时, 立方氧化锆为立方面心结构且内部洁净; 当Y2O3的摩尔分数小于5%时, 立方氧化锆表现为非均质性且内含大量定向分布的白色脱溶物. 用拉尔森改写的格拉斯顿-代尔公式计算其近似折射率为2.12～2.19.     

一种新型针刺延期药的研制及其应用

本文介绍了一种新型的针刺延期药的配方设计和制备工艺，这种低猛度高热量的针刺延期药具有较高的发火感度，可满足一定的延期时间和相容性要求。文中还介绍了它在几种小型针刺延期雷管中的应用。     

Formation of low-resistivity poly-Si and SiNx films by Cat-CVD for ULSI application

In this paper, bulk-Si metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are fabricated using the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD) method as an alternative technology to the conventional high-temperature thermal chemical vapor deposition. Particularly, formation of low-resistivity phosphorus (P)-doped poly-Si films is attempted by using Cat-CVD-deposited amorphous silicon (a-Si) films and successive rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of them. Even after RTA processes, neither peeling nor bubbling are observed, since hydrogen contents in Cat-CVD a-Si films can be as low as 1.1%. Both the crystallization and low resistivity of 0.004 Ω·cm are realized by RTA at 1000 °C for only 5 s. It is also revealed that Cat-CVD SiN_x films prepared at 250 °C show excellent oxidation resistance, when the thickness of films is larger than approximately 10 nm for wet O₂ oxidation at 1100 °C. It is found that the thickness required to stop oxygen penetration is equivalent to that for thermal CVD SiN_x prepared at 750 °C. Finally, complementary MOSFETs (CMOSs) of single-crystalline Si were fabricated by using Cat-CVD poly-Si for gate electrodes and SiN_x films for masks of local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS). At 3.3 V operation, less than 1.0 pA μm⁻¹ of OFF leakage current and ON/OFF ratio of 10⁷–10⁸ are realized, i.e. the devices can operate similarly to conventional thermal CVD process.     

Synthesis of nano particle of inorganic oxides by polymer matrix

Ultrafine (⩽ 150 nm) powders of spinels [MFe₂O₄ where M = Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II)]; rare-earth orthoferrites [RFeO₃ where R = Sm, Nd and Gd], and rare-earth garnets [R₃Fe₃O₁₂ where R = Sm, Nd and Gd] with good purity and chemical homogeneity were prepared through two new versatile chemical routes. The first route involved the coprecipitation of the desired metal nitrates from their aqueous solution, in presence of a water soluble polymer-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), by triethyl ammonium carbonate solution. The other process involved complete evaporation of a mixture of optimum amounts of PVA and the desired aqueous metal nitrate solutions, with and without the addition of optimum amounts of urea when the mixture was evaporated to a pasty mass. In addition, detailed study on the reported potassium ferricyanide route was also carried out for the production of the rare-earth orthoferrite powders. The various precursor as well as the heat-treated mixed-oxide powders, prepared through each of the routes, were compared by the physical characterization studies involving thermal gravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and room temperature magnetic measurements.     

Characterization of edible oils,butters and margarines by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance

The combination of attenuated total reflectance (ATR) and mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) with statistical multidimensional techniques made it possible to extract relevant information from MIR spectra of lipid-rich food products. Wavenumber assignments for typical functional groups in fatty acids were made for standard fatty acids: Absorption bands around 1745 cm⁻¹, 2853 cm⁻¹, 2954 cm⁻¹, 3005 cm⁻¹, 966 cm⁻¹, 3450 cm⁻¹ and 1640 cm⁻¹ are due to absorption of the carbonyl group, C−H stretch, =CH double bonds of lipids and O−H of lipids, respectively. In lipid-rich food products, some bands are modified. Water strongly absorbs in the region of 3600–3000 cm⁻¹ and at 1650 cm⁻¹ in butters and margarines, allowing one to rapidly differentiate the foods as function of their water content. Principal component analysis was used to emphasize the differences between spectra and to rapidly classify 27 commercial samples of oils, butters and margarines. As the MIR spectra contain information about carbonyl groups and double bonds, the foods were classified with ATR-MIR, in agreement with their degree of esterification and their degree of unsaturation as determined from gas-liquid chromatography analysis. However, it was difficult to differentiate the studied food products in terms of their average chainlength.     

水对植物纤维水泥复合板生产的影响

研究了水对植物纤维水泥复合板性能的影响。选择合适的水分可以提高板材静弯曲强度,减小板材变形。     

化学水汽监督存在的问题及建议

水汽监督是化学监督的主要内容。通过提高水汽品质，可以防止和减缓热力设备腐蚀、结垢、积集沉积物，提高设备的安全性，延长设备的使用寿命。针对目前河北南部电网化学水汽监督工作中存在的主要问题进行了分析，提出了改进措施和处理建议。     

Provision of accuracy for quantitative determination of small amounts of components: Principles of resolving the problem and their realization

Versions are suggested for resolving the problem of monitoring the accuracy of determining small amounts of components in samples of substances and materials. __________ Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 52–57, January, 2006.     

某供用电综合楼地下基础底板堵漏防水技术

结合工程概况，分析了负二层地下基础底板渗漏的原因，介绍了防水堵漏方案的设计与优选以及主要施工工艺，实践证明，该工程堵漏防水技术可靠，效果良好，保证了工程的顺利进行。