将开滦建成国内一流煤炭洗选加工基地的构想与实施

着重对开滦煤炭洗选加工的现状进行了分析和研究 ,总结了目前选煤系统存在的问题与差距 ,论证了开滦建设一流煤炭洗选加工基地的定位、主要内容 ,结合实际情况提出了实施建议。     

煤液化油实沸点蒸馏的模拟实验

采用TD200简易蒸馏装置对石油醚和液体石蜡进行了实沸点蒸馏，得到实沸点蒸馏数据，并绘制了实沸点蒸馏曲线和各馏分质量百分数与温度关系曲线，得出主要馏分所在的沸程分别为石油醚64．5℃～68℃，液体石蜡412℃～420℃；同时计算出了二者的平均沸点为65.73℃和404．36℃．这些曲线及数据不仅对石油醚和液体石蜡的组成和使用性能有参考价值，而且这种分析方法为煤液化油的实沸点蒸馏奠定了基础。     

Automatic annotation of tennis games: An integration of audio,vision, and learning

Fully automatic annotation of tennis game using broadcast video is a task with a great potential but with enormous challenges. In this paper we describe our approach to this task, which integrates computer vision, machine listening, and machine learning. At the low level processing, we improve upon our previously proposed state-of-the-art tennis ball tracking algorithm and employ audio signal processing techniques to detect key events and construct features for classifying the events. At high level analysis, we model event classification as a sequence labelling problem, and investigate four machine learning techniques using simulated event sequences. Finally, we evaluate our proposed approach on three real world tennis games, and discuss the interplay between audio, vision and learning. To the best of our knowledge, our system is the only one that can annotate tennis game at such a detailed level.     

新型多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化技术工业化应用

煤气化技术是实现煤炭洁净利用的关键。介绍了新型多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉流场、煤气化机理及其工业化应用概况。通过工业化运行结果表明:该装置气化效率高,交叉流式洗涤冷却水分布器的水均布,气化炉运转平稳,负荷可调节范围大,洗涤、冷却性能好,该技术打破了国外对水煤浆气化技术的垄断。     

Characterization of the reactivity of limestones with SO2 in a fluidized bed reactor

The reaction between SO₂ and calcined limestone particles has been studied in a fluidized bed combustor. Measurements of sorbent reactivity with SO₂ were made for small batches of limestone injected into the combustor. Simultaneous continuous combustion of bituminous coal provided conditions like those of a boiler for study of the sulphation reaction. A semi-empirical rate model of the CaO-SO₂ reaction has been developed. External mass transfer of SO₂, diffusion within the particles and chemical reaction are taken into account. The limestone reactivity with SO₂ is characterized by two parameters which are dependent on the temperature and sorbent particle size. A model for predicting the limestone requirements in a fluidized bed boiler has been developed. Parameters from the batch experiments are included. The predictions for sulfur retention agree with the experimental results. In addition, effects of operating conditions (gas velocity, recycle, limestone particle size) on the retention of SO₂ were simulated using the model.     

Catalysis of gasification of coal-derived cokes and chars

Calcium is the most important in-situ catalyst for gasification of US coal chars in O₂, CO₂ and H₂O. It is a poor catalyst for gasification of chars by H₂. Potassium and sodium added to low-rank coals by ion exchange and high-rank coals by impregnation are excellent catalysts for char gasification in O₂, CO₂ and H₂O. Carbon monoxide inhibits catalysis of the CH₂O reaction by calcium, potassium and sodium; H₂ inhibits catalysis by calcium. Thus injection of synthesis gas into the gasifier will inhibit the CH₂O reaction. Iron is not an important catalyst for the gasification of chars in O₂, CO₂ and H₂O, because it is invariably in the oxidized state. Carbon monoxide disproportionates to deposit carbon from a dry synthesis gas mixture (3 vol H₂ + 1 vol CO) over potassium-, sodium- and iron-loaded lignite char and a raw bituminous coal char, high in pyrite, at 1123 K and 0.1 MPa pressure. The carbon is highly reactive, with the injection of 2.7 kPa H₂O to the synthesis gas resulting in net carbon gasification. The effect of traces of sulphur in the gas stream on catalysis of gasification or carbon-forming reactions by calcium, potassium, or sodium is not well understood at present. Traces of sulphur do, however, inhibit catalysis by iron.     

关于煤化工前途的思考

对煤化工存在的问题做了分析,提出加大科研投入,获取自主知识产权,解决煤化工装置大型化、国产化,坑口气化,煤层气开发利用等煤化工重点问题,适合我国国情的煤化工将有良好的发展前景。     

Effect of alkali and alkaline earth metals on nitrogen release during temperature programmed pyrolysis of coal

Formation of HCN, NH₃, and N₂ during fixed-bed pyrolysis at 10K min⁻¹ has been studied using coal samples after partial demineralization followed by addition of metal hydroxides from aqueous systems. Without additives, NH₃ is the predominant product at ≤ 700°C, showing the two peaks in the formation rate profile, whereas N₂ is the only product at ≥ 800°C. The presence of NaOH, KOH and Ca(OH)₂ promotes considerable NH₃ formation between 450 and 600°C, but in contrast suppresses HCN formation in this region. The Ca shows the largest effect on both the promotion and suppression. It is likely that the NH₃ increased by Ca addition arises partly from HCN, but mainly from secondary reactions of tar-N. These hydroxides affect N₂ formation in quite different manners: the Na decreases the rate between 700 and 950°C, and the K changes it less significantly than the Na, but the Ca remarkably increases the rate in a low temperature region of 550–700°C. These different features are discussed in terms of solid-phase reactions of alkali metal carbonates with char-N and secondary decomposition reactions of tar-N on CaO particles. As a result, total conversion of coal-N to HCN, NH₃ and N₂ up to 1000°C increases in the sequence of Na < none < K < Ca.     

洁净煤（水煤浆）用高效分散悬浮剂的制备

通过选用特定的小分子单体,采取分段聚合方式,合成具有特定官能团的化合物,用作水煤浆分散悬浮剂。     

基于MSP430F449的掺杂煤炭快速检测系统设计

介绍了一种基于MSP430F449的掺杂煤炭快速检测仪的设计,阐述了该系统的工作原理和系统设计方案。该系统以DDS芯片AD9833为核心设计激励源,采用24位高精度A/D转换器CS5532实现数据采集,通过RS—232实现上位机和下位机的通信。在煤炭阻抗数据预处理中,采用剔除疏失误差技术,并设计了基于LabVIEW的上位机数据库管理系统。实验证明:该仪器便于携带,低功耗,能够准确识别煤炭的掺杂情况,同时具有操作简单、稳定可靠、方便管理等特点。