Smart pricing scheme: A multi-layered scoring rule application

Defining appropriate pricing strategy for smart environment is important and complex task at the same time. It holds the primal fraction in Demand Response (DR) program. In our work, we devise an incentive based smart dynamic pricing scheme for consumers facilitating a multi-layered scoring rule. The proposed strategy characterizes both incentive based DR and price based DR programs facilities. This mechanism is applied between consumer agents (CA) to electricity provider agent (EP) and EP to Generation Company (GENCO). Based on the Continuous Ranked Probability Score (CRPS), a hierarchical scoring system is formed among these entities, CA–EP–GENCO. As CA receives the dynamic day-ahead pricing signal from EP, it will schedule the household appliances to lower price period and report the prediction in a form of a probability distribution function to EP. EP, in similar way reports the aggregated demand prediction to GENCO. Finally, GENCO computes the base discount after running a cost-optimization problem. GENCO will reward EP with a fraction of discount based on their prediction accuracy. EP will do the same to CA based on how truthful they were reporting their intentions on device scheduling. The method is tested on real data provided by Ontario Power Company and we show that this scheme is capable to reduce energy consumption and consumers’ payment.     

Catalysis of gasification of coal-derived cokes and chars

Calcium is the most important in-situ catalyst for gasification of US coal chars in O₂, CO₂ and H₂O. It is a poor catalyst for gasification of chars by H₂. Potassium and sodium added to low-rank coals by ion exchange and high-rank coals by impregnation are excellent catalysts for char gasification in O₂, CO₂ and H₂O. Carbon monoxide inhibits catalysis of the CH₂O reaction by calcium, potassium and sodium; H₂ inhibits catalysis by calcium. Thus injection of synthesis gas into the gasifier will inhibit the CH₂O reaction. Iron is not an important catalyst for the gasification of chars in O₂, CO₂ and H₂O, because it is invariably in the oxidized state. Carbon monoxide disproportionates to deposit carbon from a dry synthesis gas mixture (3 vol H₂ + 1 vol CO) over potassium-, sodium- and iron-loaded lignite char and a raw bituminous coal char, high in pyrite, at 1123 K and 0.1 MPa pressure. The carbon is highly reactive, with the injection of 2.7 kPa H₂O to the synthesis gas resulting in net carbon gasification. The effect of traces of sulphur in the gas stream on catalysis of gasification or carbon-forming reactions by calcium, potassium, or sodium is not well understood at present. Traces of sulphur do, however, inhibit catalysis by iron.     

关于煤化工前途的思考

对煤化工存在的问题做了分析,提出加大科研投入,获取自主知识产权,解决煤化工装置大型化、国产化,坑口气化,煤层气开发利用等煤化工重点问题,适合我国国情的煤化工将有良好的发展前景。     

煤的荧光特性与其工艺性能的关系研究

简述了煤中镜质组荧光产生的机理及荧光参数的测量方法,通过测定一系列煤的粘结性和10kg小焦炉结焦性试验,探讨了煤的荧光特性与其工艺性能的关系。煤的荧光参数与其反射率呈正的线性相关关系,与其挥发分含量呈负的线性相关关系;煤的粘结性、结焦性均与其荧光参数有关;当煤化程度相同、煤岩组成基本相同时,煤的荧光强度愈强,其结焦性能愈好。     

Rapid pyrolysis of brown coal and oil shale

A brown coal, peat and oil shale were subjected to a rapid pyrolysis process and medium-heat-value gases together with tar were collected. The char residue was of high activity and suitable for gasification to create a two-stage gasification system. The coal-tar is used for manufacturing liquid fuels and chemicals.     

基于Web的重点建设项目管理系统

为提高重点建设项目的管理水平和工作效率,在详细分析重点建设项目的业务流程和用户需求的基础上,提出基于Web的重点建设项目信息管理系统。该系统采用典型的三层体系架构,具有较强的可扩展性和灵活性。通过该系统对重点建设项目信息科学管理,可以有效克服传统管理方式的弊端,极大地提高重点建设项目信息管理工作的效率。     

Managing nutrient losses from rural point sources and urban environments

Nutrient loss from rural point sources and urban environments need to be minimised as part of strategies to overcome declining water quality on the Swan Coastal Plain and in the Peel-Harvey estuary in Western Australia. This paper discusses the management of nutrient losses from domestic effluent, urban stormwater runoff, domestic gardens and public open space, intensive animal industries and intensive irrigated agriculture. Measures to minimise nutrient losses from these sources are outlined, using cooperative, technological and regulatory approaches.     

国内外型焦生产工艺及发展前景

介绍了国内外型焦技术的生产工艺、型煤碳化的过程和影响因素,以及国内目前几种碳化窑炉,通过对型焦和焦炭的对比分析,指出洁净型焦生产技术的优势必然会使它在未来具有巨大的发展空间。     

石灰石在煤气化过程中的催化和固硫作用

基于CaO在煤气化中的催化和固硫作用,以及石灰石加热分解的性质,石灰石有可能作为煤气化过程中的催化剂和固硫剂。本文根据国内外对石灰石在煤燃烧和煤气化中作用的研究,从石灰石结构、Ca/C,Ca/S,可能的反应机理等几个方面进行了介绍和分析,并指出需进一步研究的内容。     

施工项目管理与贯标工作相融合的探索与实践

由于建筑工程施工的单件性、复杂性，在工程项目实施过程中贯标工作与工程项目管理工作通常不太融合，有时甚至形成“两层皮”现象。因此，针对这一现象，在承建410t／h锅炉工程中，借贯彻2000版ISO9001标准的有力时机，进行了工程项目管理与贯标工作融合性的探索与实践，取得了较好的效果。