高锰酸钾投量与三氯甲烷生成量的关系

高锰酸钾具有氧化助凝作用,用它替代预氯化氧化地表水中有机物,使加氯点后移,降低三氯甲浣生成量。高锰酸钾投量与水中三氯甲浣生成量有着密切联系。     

焦炉集气管压力的复合控制

集气管压力的稳定影响焦炭的质量和焦炉的寿命 ,通过分析焦炉集气管压力影响因素及其耦合关系 ,采用PID控制、解耦控制、专家控制来进行集气管压力的控制。应用结果表明 ,集气管压力系统的抗干扰能力得以提高 ,其波动现象得到有效控制     

A Stochastic Optimization approach for the design of Individualized Dosage Regimens

Quantitative methods for individualizing and optimizing the dosage regimen and clinically monitoring each patient are desirable to insure that each patient can obtain effective therapeutic benefit while minimizing undesirable side effects. This is of special concern for medicines that are expensive or whose toxic side effects are severe (e.g., oncological agents). The optimal dosage regimen for an individual is a combination of dose amount and/or dosing interval (i.e., time between doses) which minimizes the risk that the drug exposure deviates from the desired therapeutic window. The therapeutic window is defined as the range of drug exposure (e.g., blood concentration, area under the curve concentration‐time) which is below a threshold defining an acceptable toxic side effect and above a threshold defining a minimum acceptable level of therapeutic efficacy. In this work, the dosage regimen optimization problem defined in terms of general pharmacometric models (i.e., described by differential‐algebraic equations) is presented and a solution approach outlined which uses a scenario‐based stochastic optimization formulation that minimizes a risk metric. The scenarios are derived from the posterior joint probability distribution of the individual's pharmacometric parameters which is obtained following an approximate Bayesian inference approach. A Smolyak rule is used for the selection of the scenarios (i.e., combination of pharmacometric parameters) to be considered and for computing the approximation to the risk metric. Two case studies, gabapentin and cyclophosphamide, are presented to elucidate the advantages and limitations of the proposed approach. The numerical results demonstrate that low risk optimal solutions can be generated via the proposed stochastic optimization; while significantly reducing the computational burden in comparison with the conventional Markov chain Monte Carlo—grid search approach. This partially alleviates implementation issues preventing the deployment of dosage regimen individualization in clinical practice. Since stochastic optimization has been extensively used in other domains, the approach for uncertainty characterization proposed in this work may have general relevance beyond the pharmacometrics domain. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 3296–3307, 2013     

基于GPC法的改性沥青SBS含量测试方法研究

采用GPC对不同SBS剂量的改性沥青进行了测试,建立了SBS剂量与GPC测试数值的关系,并采用已知SBS剂量的样品对该方法进行验证。结果显示,GPC测得的SBS含量与SBS真实剂量线性关系良好,SBS剂量相对偏差均在5%以内,表明GPC法是一种检测改性沥青质量的快速、可靠的测试方法。     

超级电容器集流体用铝箔交流腐蚀研究

对48微米铝箔集流体在50 Hz交流电腐蚀下进行正交试验的研究,包括因子盐酸、铝离子、硫酸及温度等条件,发现了取得比容的最佳条件是各个因素的相互作用.讨论了在低电量时,高浓度的盐酸更趋向于形成发孔密度大、孔洞大小均一的腐蚀孔,而失重效率反而低于2N盐酸,可能是因为高浓度盐酸在交流电解负半周的沉积膜保护作用而导致.SEM分析显示备我们所制备的样品表面形貌抛光图与日本进口集流体形貌极为相似.     

矿渣掺量对高水胶比水泥净浆水化产物及孔结构的影响

测定了水胶比为0．5、矿渣质量分数为30％～80％的硬化水泥浆体中Ca(OH)2和非蒸发水量、孔径分布及孔隙率,以确定矿渣在高水胶比条件下的合理掺量。结果表明：即使在矿渣为大掺量情况下也能够改善浆体孔结构,而非蒸发水量、孔隙率随矿渣掺量的变化而变化,并存在使水化产物含量最多、浆体孔隙率最低的矿渣最佳掺量。在矿渣为大掺量情况下,Ca(OH)2含量可降低到极低。在比较纯水泥浆体和掺矿渣浆体的非蒸发水量和孔隙率的基础上提出了矿渣最大有益掺量,矿渣的掺量低于此值时,可使材料的性能得到改善。     

旋风除尘器减阻节能技术的研究与应用

通过安装在旋风除尘器内适当位置处的减阻杆,可以在保证分离效率的前提下降低流动阻力,实现设备的节能增产。分别采用五孔球形探针、激光多普勒测速仪和粒子图像测速仪对旋风除尘器内安装减阻杆前后的时均流场与湍流场进行了测量,发现减阻杆降低了流场中于粉尘分离无益的内旋流切向速度,削弱了中心区域的湍流强度,使湍流耗散减弱,从而实现减阻。工业应用实例表明旋风除尘器减阻杆技术是可行的,而且取得了显著的经济效益。     

Improving dissolution kinetics of pharmaceuticals by fluidized bed impregnation of active pharmaceutical ingredients

Investigational drugs are increasingly becoming less soluble in aqueous media, thus, presenting real challenges during development. Previous work has successfully demonstrated the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals using fluidized bed (FB) impregnation of APIs onto porous carriers. This study demonstrates the usefulness of FB impregnation in formulating poorly soluble drugs. We show that dissolution of Fenofibrate is greatly improved by FB impregnation onto Neusilin^® (Fuji Health Science Inc, Burlington, NJ USA), a synthetic amorphous form of magnesium alumino‐metasilicate. We impregnate Neusilin^® for range of loadings and examine Fenofibrate's physical state. Dissolution of impregnated formulations is drug loading dependent and loadings below 40% show great improvement (decrease) in release time compared to physical blend. Release times are further improved by milling. We also examine feasibility of coimpregnating Fenofibrate with additives and observe stability (1.5 years) of the amorphous form of Fenofibrate inside Neusilin^®. This stabilization significantly improves Fenofibrate's dissolution kinetics, making our formulation comparable to one of the current market formulations, TriCor^® tablets (AbbVie Inc, North Chicago, IL USA). © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 4201–4214, 2016     

颗粒床-旋流耦合分离器不同操作模式下的性能分析

通过实验分别考察了满床/空床操作模式对内置颗粒床-旋流耦合分离器分离性能的影响,获得了两种操作模式下的设备压降和捕集效率。通过改变入口粉尘浓度、入口气速和粉尘颗粒种类,发现满床操作条件下的分离效率比空床操作条件下的分离效率高,且前者压降较低。通过对出口粉尘粒径的分析,含有捕集颗粒的内置颗粒床可有效提高5 μm以下的粉尘颗粒的捕集效率,弥补了离心分离的短板。引入性能指数对不同操作模式进行定量分析,验证了满床操作条件下的耦合分离设备具有更好的综合分离性能。     

白炭黑用量对MPU/PA12 TPV性能的影响

采用动态硫化方法制备混炼型聚氨酯橡胶(MPU)/聚十二内酰胺(PA12)热塑性硫化胶(TPV),通过控制橡胶相中白炭黑的用量,研究该TPV的相态、力学性能、耐老化性能和动态力学性能.研究发现,动态硫化时,随着白炭黑用量的增加,扭矩流变仪的最高扭矩上升,动态硫化速度基本不变;在本实验所用白炭黑用量范围内,随着白炭黑用量的...