窗口坝拦截泥石流性能试验研究

泥石流窗口坝是一种常见的泥石流防治工程措施,具有拦砂节流、护床固坡等重要调节功能。为了探寻泥石流的过坝特征,通过室内模拟试验,运用控制变量的方法对不同类型泥石流的过坝情况进行了探讨。试验发现,泥石流过坝前后颗粒组成的变化与泥石流密度相关性较大,在泥石流密度为1 650 kg/m³时,窗口坝对泥石流的筛选能力最强;泥石流过坝后密度降低情况较明显,并且受泥石流窗口坝闭塞类型的影响,不同闭塞类型下泥石流密度降低率具有相似规律,在泥石流密度为1 800 kg/m³左右时,泥石流密度降低率最大;通过回归分析得到了拦排比L与泥石流密度γ_c的关系式。     

对低温丙烯贮罐预冷操作的探讨

对低温丙烯罐的预冷工艺进行了较为仔细深入的研究,提出了较为科学、合理的预冷操作方法,确保了丙烯贮罐内罐基本维持每小时温降1℃.罐内任意两点温差不超过10℃的操作条件,对刚刚维修之后的低温丙烯贮罐起到了保障作用.     

Influence of tectonic uplift-erosion on formation pressure

The formation of abnormally low-pressure hydrocarbon reservoirs in petroliferous basins has a close relationship with tectonic uplift and the consequent erosion. In order to understand abnormally low-pressure reservoirs and to provide a scientific basis for exploration and development, we established, through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, a set of equations for the formation pressure in a closed system influenced by uplift-erosion, discussed the relationship between the genesis of abnormal pressure and uplift-erosion, and put forward the concept of balance pressure (P _b). The results showed that abnormally high pressure coefficient may form when the current formation pressure was higher than P _b, and abnormally low pressure may form when the current formation pressure was lower than P _b. In the Santanghu Basin, the current formation pressure of abnormally low pressure reservoirs is lower than P _b, so tectonic uplift-erosion leads to the decrease of the pressure coefficient. There is a positive correlation between the pressure drop caused by the decrease of fluid temperature and the rebound of rock porosity and strata erosion. Calculation results indicated that the reservoir pressure of Jurassic strata in the Santanghu Basin was decreased by 11.6–17.1 MPa due to tectonic uplift-erosion during the Late Yanshanian period.     

铝酸钠溶液种分过程降温制度的研究

研究了铝酸钠溶液晶种分解过程中的相对过饱和度、分解率、产品粒度分布和反应速率常数在不同温度下的变化情况。结果表明,在50~75℃,铝酸钠溶液的相对过饱和度随温度的升高而逐渐减小,产品的平均粒度和反应速率常数随温度升高而增大,铝酸钠溶液种分分解率在65℃时达到最大。在降温制度下,铝酸钠溶液种分的分解率为28.86%,仅略低于65℃时的分解率,而产品粒度大于65℃时的产品粒度,降温制度下的铝酸钠溶液种分既能保证分解率又能提高产品氢氧化铝的粒度。     

破壁方式对蜂花粉抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的影响

以不同破壁方式处理过的油菜蜂花粉为研究对象,提取水溶活性成分,以4-硝基苯-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(PNPG)作为底物,对蜂花粉作为天然α-葡萄糖苷酶活性抑制剂的功效进行了评价。结果表明:破壁方式对蜂花粉功能活性成分以及功效评价结果影响显著,温差破壁、超临界二氧化碳破壁、超声辅助酶解破壁及对照组对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率分别为(13.73±1.15)%,(-8.07±0.93)%,(16.70±0.87)%,(9.68±0.89)%;油菜蜂花粉多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率在(3.46±0.31)%~(-0.78±0.03)%,无明显线性关系;破壁后的样品多糖含量显著增加,但油菜蜂花粉多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性无作用,可能与黄酮等其它成分相关。     

MOS型集成电路在防爆应急灯具的应用

设计了一款采用MOS型集成电路驱动防爆应急灯。它内置有检测、控制、保护、驱动等多个功能模块,是一种高低压混合集成电路,完全可以满足防爆应急灯系统要求,并且该集成电路的逻辑控制部分和高压驱动部分都采用CMOS工艺,明显降低功耗、提高可靠性。     

Investigation on a new type of low-stress cropping system with variable frequency vibration

This paper presents a new type of precision cropping system with variable frequency vibration by which the high-quality cutting surface can be obtained. On the basis of D’Alembert’s principle, the approximate relationship between the exciting force and the excited frequency in the cropping is acquired through computation. Five types of excited frequency control curves are designed and applied in the cropping experiments and the influences of these control curves on the cropping cross-section and the cropping time are investigated by experiment in details. According to the special feature of the cross-section obtained in the course of variable frequency vibration cropping, a new measurement method is proposed and applied to assess the quality of the cross-section. The theoretic and experimental results show that the exciting force acted on the bar in the vertical direction is larger than that in the horizontal direction and the linear decrease control curve, by which the high quality cross-section is obtained and the cropping time is reduced, is an ideal control mode compared with other control modes mentioned in the paper. The experiment also proves that the width of the bar instantaneous fracture region is decreased by reducing the value of every step frequency change, and the cropping time is also shortened by reducing the durative time of every step variable frequency under the action of the linear decrease frequency curve.     

降低氯中含水量的措施

介绍了氯气中含水量高的原因和危害,氯气干燥的原理、影响干燥效率的因素。详细指出降低氯中含水的的措施和控制指标。     

先进控制策略在兰州石化乙烯裂解炉装置的研究与应用

针对乙烯裂解炉的控制问题,提出了一种鲁棒性较强的先进控制策略,该方法有效地解决了裂解原料组分和燃料气热值波动对裂解炉裂解气出口温度的影响,实现裂解气出口温度和裂解炉加工总量的精细化控制,优化控制器可一键投运和切除,解决了裂解炉控制问题的复杂性。该方法成功应用于兰州石化460kt/a乙烯装置,提高了装置的平稳率,提升了双烯及碳四等产品的收率。     

煤制乙炔裂解气的降温工艺

介绍了煤制乙炔工艺中裂解气降温工艺流程并对关键设备的选型进行了详细计算。