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61.
就当前普遍开展的多媒体教学进行研究和探讨,发现使用中除了一些优势外,还存在一些弊端与不足之处,为了能更充分地发挥多媒体辅助教学的先进作用,分析了多媒体课件教学的优势与劣势,并且提出十方面的做法和建议。 相似文献
62.
板带钢市场竞争的日益激烈,传统的检测方法正逐渐退出应用舞台,更稳定高效表的面检测解决方案成为国内外钢铁企业的找寻目标.针对实际应用的需要,从表面缺陷采集系统,缺陷处理和识别系统、质量智能评价与推理系统等3个方面首次系统地阐述了板带钢表面质量实时监测体系,以期推动目前我国板带钢表面缺陷的在线监测研究水平. 相似文献
63.
在基于磁瓦表面缺陷图像直方图、纹理、投影和形状的特征提取的基础上,提出了一种用LVQ神经网络进行缺陷分类的方法,对现场采集到的6种主要缺陷类型进行了试验。试验结果表明,基于LVQ神经网络的分类器训练与分类的时间短,多缺陷种类分类时准确率高。 相似文献
64.
V. S. Vikhnin 《Journal of Superconductivity》1994,7(3):623-625
The influence onT
c
of dilatation centers (DC) as elastic defects near the surface or in thin films of oxide high-Tc superconductors is considered. The distribution function ofT
c
in this case was obtained. This is the Lorentzian with center shifted to largerT
c
values. The half width of theT
c
distribution n (n is the concentration of DC) is larger than its center shift and corresponds to the increase ofT
c
fluctuations near the surface. As a result, a continuum percolation behavior with increasing critical temperature percolation levelT
(c) near the surface appears. The inequalityn>T
(c)>T
c
initial
is fulfilled. ForT>T
(c) the quasi-2D Josephson media takes place where a finite superconductive domain withT
c
local
>T
(c) exists. The influence of DC considerably increases for strong DC such as off-center impurity ions. 相似文献
65.
F. V. Kusmartsev 《Journal of Superconductivity》1994,7(5):787-791
We propose a theory of superconductivity for a crystal having multiple band structure. The theory is valid for the parameter(k
F)/1 when the splitting between bands(k
F
) is small in comparison with the phonon frequency. The theory may be applicable to the doped fullerenes where it is widely supposed that pairing occurs through high-energy intramolecular phonons. As in semiconductors, the bunch of bands is treated by ascribing the highest spin to electrons. We derive the analytic expression for the critical temperature, which strongly depends on the value of the total spin of the Cooper pair, which may be equal toY=0,1,.... In all cases the order parameter is a vector with components proportional to spherical harmonics and at the same time the superconducting gap has no zeros. The data may be fitted to doped fullerenes, if the superconductivity arises fromd-pairing. 相似文献
66.
B. Holzapfel M. Leghissa P. Bauer G. Kreiselmeyer M. Kraus S. Bouffard L. Schultz G. Saemann-Ischenko 《Journal of Superconductivity》1994,7(1):205-207
Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7–
thin films (YBCO) and YBa2Cu3O7–
/PrBa2Cu3O7–
multilayers (Y/Pr) were irradiated with high-energy heavy ions (770 Mev208Pb) under various directions relative to thec-axis. The irradiation resulted in columnar defects tilted by from thec-axis. The angular dependence of their pinning activity was studied by measuring the anisotropy of the critical current density. TheJ
c
(B, T,) behavior of the irradiated YBCO thin films showed an additional peak, which exceeds the intrinsic pinning peak, exactly at the irradiation direction. The Y/Pr multilayers, however, showed an isotropicT
c
-enhancement by a factor of 5, without any additional structure in theJ
c(B, T,) curve. 相似文献
67.
Zhao-Yang Yin Yang Chen Yang-Yang Zhang Yu Yuan Qian Yang Ya-Nan Zhong Xu Gao Jing Xiao Zhao-Kui Wang Jian-Long Xu Sui-Dong Wang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(33):2302199
Minimizing reverse bias dark current density (Jdark) while retaining high external quantum efficiency is crucial for promising applications of perovskite photodiodes, and it remains challenging to elucidate the ultimate origin of Jdark. It is demonstrated in this study that the surface defects induced by iodine vacancies are the main cause of Jdark in perovskite photodiodes. In a targeted way, the surface defects are thoroughly passivated through a simple treatment with butylamine hydroiodide to form ultrathin 2D perovskite on its 3D bulk. In the passivated perovskite photodiodes, Jdark as low as 3.78 × 10-10 A cm-2 at -0.1 V is achieved, and the photoresponse is also enhanced, especially at low light intensities. A combination of the two improvements realizes high specific detectivity up to 1.46 × 1012 Jones in the devices. It is clarified that the trap states induced by the surface defects can not only raise the generation-recombination current density associated with the Shockley–Read–Hall mechanisms in the dark (increasing Jdark), but also provide additional carrier recombination paths under light illumination (decreasing photocurrent). The critical role of surface defects on Jdark of perovskite photodiodes suggests that making trap-free perovskite thin films, for example, by fine preparation and/or surface engineering, is a top priority for high-performance perovskite photodiodes. 相似文献
68.
Balancing the contradictory relationship between thermoelectric parameters, such as effective mass and carrier mobility, is a challenge to optimize thermoelectric performance. Herein, the exceptional thermoelectric performance is realized in GeTe through collaboratively optimizing the carrier and phonon transport via stepwise alloying Pb and CuSbSe2. The formation energy of Ge vacancy is efficiently bolstered by alloying Pb, which reduces carrier density and carrier scattering to maintain superior carrier mobility in GeTe. Additionally, CuSbSe2, acting as an n-type dopant, further modulates carrier density and validly equilibrates carrier mobility and effective mass. Accordingly, the promising power factor of 45 µW cm−1 K−2 is achieved at 723 K. Meanwhile, point defects are found to significantly suppress phonons transport to descend lattice thermal conductivity by Pb and CuSbSe2 alloying, which barely impacts the carrier mobility. A combination with superior carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT of 2.2 is attained in Ge0.925Pb0.075Cu0.005Sb0.005TeSe0.01, which corresponds to a 100% promotion compared with that of intrinsic GeTe. This study provides a new indicator for optimizing carrier and phonon transport properties by balancing interrelated thermoelectric parameters. 相似文献
69.
Haiping Wu Shun Huang Ying Zhu Jia Li Xiaoxiao Pang Yongyao Tang Siqiao Li Ping Ji Shijia Ding Wei Cheng Wenyang Li 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(19):2212669
The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and minimal osteogenic raw material in the osteoporotic bone microenvironment greatly inhibits the activity of osteoblasts. Herein, it is originally proposed to construct a biomatrix multifaceted bone microenvironment amendment -Mineralized zippered G4-Hemin DNAzyme hydrogel (MDH)-to improve osteoporotic osteogenic capacity and promote high-quality bone defect repair. The programmed design of the rolling circle amplified DNA hydrogel synthesis system allows the introduction of massive amounts of zippered G4-Hemin DNAzyme in MDH. The zippered G4-Hemin DNAzyme highly mimics the tight catalytic configuration of horseradish peroxidase and exerts excellent enzyme-like activity with considerable ROS molecule scavenging ability. In addition, the DNA amplification by-product pyrophosphate is ingeniously employed as a sufficient phosphorus source, thus constituting an autonomous mineralization system for waste reuse through the introduction of pyrophosphate hydrolase and calcium ions, which deposits in MDH as an osteogenic raw material and addresses the challenge of DNA hydrogel bio-application stability. The remarkable in vitro and in vivo outcomes demonstrate that MDH can effectively improve the oxidative stress status of osteoblasts, restore the balance of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduce apoptosis, ultimately demonstrating superior osteogenic capacity. 相似文献
70.
Xuping Liu Qinghua Li Juanjuan Zheng Jiewen Xu Zixia Chen Zimin Li Jie Liu Shengyong Liang Deng Wang Zhenghe Zhang Xiao Jin Jihuai Wu Xingcai Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(41):2308108
The interface energetics-modification plays an important role in improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) among the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Considering the low carrier mobility caused by defects in PSCs, a double-layer modification engineering strategy is adopted to introduce the “spiderman” NOBF4 (nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate) between tin dioxide (SnO2 and perovskite layers. NO+, as the interfacial bonding layer, can passivate the oxygen vacancy in SnO2, while BF4− can optimize the defects in the bulk of perovskite. This conclusion is confirmed by theoretical calculation and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synergistic effect of NO+ and BF4− distinctly heightens the carrier extraction efficiency, and the PCE of PSCs is 24.04% with a fill factor (FF) of 82.98% and long-term stability. This study underlines the effectiveness of multifunctional additives in improving interface contact and enhancing PCE of PSCs. 相似文献