湍流射流火焰抬举高度的实验研究

湍流射流燃烧作为工业燃烧室中普遍存在的燃烧方式,研究湍流射流火焰不仅能促进实际燃烧室的设计改造,更能增强对湍流燃烧理论的理解。在轴对称伴流射流燃烧器实验平台上,研究了湍流自由射流火焰抬举高度随射流速度的变化及氮气稀释和伴流速度对火焰抬举高度的影响。实验结果表明湍流自由射流燃烧火焰抬举高度随射流速度呈线性增长;随氮气稀释摩尔分数的增加其抬举高度的线性斜率增大,射流火焰吹出喷嘴的雷诺数降低,火焰更易发生抬举;同时,氮气稀释摩尔分数的增加也导致射流火焰发生吹熄时雷诺数减小,射流火焰在射流速度完全进入湍流之前发生吹熄;伴流速度小于0.3 m/s时对火焰抬举高度的影响不大,当伴流速度大于0.3 m/s时抬举高度随伴流速度的增加呈线性增长,当射流速度大于20 m/s时,伴流速度的影响降低;对比伴流与稀释对抬举高度的影响可知射流速度大于30 m/s时对伴流的敏感性大于稀释,而在射流速度小于30 m/s时对稀释更敏感。     

在镁表面激光熔覆镁铝合金的研究

这项研究用激光熔覆的方法在纯镁基底上获得了三种成分的镁铝非平衡合金,它们在组织组成、各组分相对量、固溶度等诸方面均不同于相应的平衡合金.在富镁合金中和富铝合金的界面上生成了共晶组织,富铝合金中形成了微晶结构.研究表明了工艺参数对显微组织的影响.腐蚀研究表明富铝合金的腐蚀速率比纯镁的低两个数量级.     

二元非理想溶液过量体积的测定与研究

采用改进的倾斜式稀释膨胀溶液在298.15K 测定液体苯(1)——环已烷(2)的过量体积,并与文献值比较证明倾斜式稀释膨胀计测得数据可靠。又对未见报导的二甲苯(1)——环已烷(2)溶液在299.15K、288.15K 测定不同浓度下的摩尔过量体积数值,并用 Redich—Kister 方程对全浓度范围内的摩尔过量体积进行关联计算,从而为溶液热力学提供有价值的热力学数据。     

进化神经网络在激光熔覆成形中的应用研究

在激光熔覆成形金属制件工艺中,熔覆层稀释率大小对成形制件的性能以及后续工序的处理有至关重要的影响。设计了基于进化神经网络的学习算法,建立了熔覆层稀释率随工艺参数变化的预测模型,该模型结合了基因遗传算法的全局搜索能力和BP神经网络良好的局部性质。实验和模拟结果表明,基于进化计算的神经网络不仅可以克服单纯使用BP神经网络易陷入局部极小值等问题,而且预测精度较高,具有一定的实用价值。     

Determination of potent odorants in apple by headspace gas dilution analysis

Gas chromatography-olfactometry with headspace gas dilution analysis was used to evaluate the odor potencies of volatile compounds in Fuji apple. To improve the resolution of volatile compounds, the dilution analysis was conducted on two types of capillary columns with different polarities. Thirty three and 20 compounds were identified on DB-WAX and DB-5 columns, respectively. Methyl 2-methylbutanoate, isobutyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, isopentyl formate, butyl acetate and hexyl acetate as well as hexanal were important odor contributors in the headspace gas of apple on the basis of high Flavor Dilution (FD) factors. Threshold values-in-air of these compounds were also estimated from the relationships between their FD factors and concentrations. Methyl 2-methylbutanoate and ethyl 2-methylbutanote were considered as the most potent odorants because of their lowest threshold values. In addition, the threshold values-in-air of isopentyl formate, isopentyl acetate and butyl isobutanoate, which have never been reported, were estimated at 0.149, 1.95 and 0.00607 μl/l, respectively.     

Contamination due to process gases

A survey is given of the BOC Group technical research programs, whose purpose is to relate purity in gas processing to ULSI device parameters. Results from the following research programs are presented: how inert gas purity affects the Ti silicide for IGFET metallization; the effects of argon versus nitrogen used in silicon gate oxidation process steps; and preliminary work on a new gas analytical tool, Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spectrometry (APIMS), which allows measurement of sub ppb impurity levels in processing gases.     

Analysis of multiple indicator dilution curves for estimation of renal tubular transport parameters

A model is developed to estimate the renal tubular secretory parameters by the multiple indicator dilution (MID) technique. The model allows the calculation of influx (from plasma space to tubular cell), efflux (from tubular cell to plasma space) and sequestration (from tubular cell to luminal side) rate constants. A program using the MID-statistical analysis with least squares fitting (SALS) system for the estimation of these parameters is presented. A trapezoid rule and a non-linear least squares regression were used to carry out definite integrals of cubic spline function and least squares fitting, respectively. The system presented seems to be useful for the precise and rapid estimation of the tubular secretory rate constants.     

Can He3 - He4 dilution refrigerators operate aboard spacecraft?

Cooling to temperatures in the millikelvin range could be beneficial as a means of reducing noise and increasing sensitivity of instruments in certain experiments and measurements that are being considered for future space missions. The possibility of using a He³ - He⁴ dilution refrigerator for that purpose is explored in this paper. Calculations reported here indicate that electrostriction can be substituted for gravity as a practical means of achieving phase separation with well-defined interfaces in mixing chambers of dilution refrigerators operating aboard spacecraft.     

黄酒厂的污水处理方法

文中介绍了有关黄酒污水处理的几种方法，基本特点，工艺流程。     

催化剂润湿对滴流床性能的影响

讨论了不同操作条件对催化剂润湿的影响,证实了用惰性细粒稀释床层能改进催化剂的润湿,研究表明,一些操作参数如压力、气体质量、流速等对接触效率有显著影响.本文报道了这些有关的实验结果.