An ergonomic comparison of firearm safety mechanisms

As with most machines, the integral safety mechanism on firearms is vital to injury or fatality free operation. Presently, there is little or no standardisation in the design of these mechanisms. In this investigation, five existing designs found on both military and commercial rifles were evaluated ergonomically to determine the most effective characteristics for incorporation into future designs. The designs were evaluated experimentally on ease of use, visual effectiveness and operational impact. Three groups, representing a total of 30 subjects with widely varying experience, were selected. Results strongly suggest that safeties whose actuators are mounted within easy reach of the trigger finger are preferred and have the least operational impact. Subjects also preferred and were more adept at recognising safety status when the indicator was located on the receiver/barrel along the normal line of sight. Subjects more often correctly identified safety status when the indicator utilised colouring, was clearly marked and/or was in the normal line of sight. The results of this research prove that ergonomics can contribute to the understanding of firearm safety dynamics. The two essential components of safety mechanism design identified in this investigation, unambiguous status visibility and impact-free operation, are also likely to have implications in non-firearm safety mechanism design. This is particularly true for devices whose inadvertent operation can cause injury, as well as systems in which operational effectiveness can be jeopardised when attentiveness or operational control are lost in the process of actuating a poorly designed safety mechanism.     

模糊数学综合评判法在菜肴感官评定中的应用——以川菜代表性菜肴鱼香肉丝为例

感官评定是控制烹饪菜品质量的重要途径之一,文章以川菜代表性菜品——鱼香肉丝为评定对象,选取色、香、味、形、质等因素并设置合理的权重,对同一试验小组A、B、C、D、E等5道鱼香肉丝菜肴进行模糊数学综合评定。试验结果表明,用模糊数学综合评判法,能客观而准确地区分出不同烹饪菜肴的差异程度和等级,即5道鱼香肉丝感官评定等级从高到低为：C〉D〉E〉A〉B。     

A probabilistic integrated object recognition and tracking framework

This paper describes a probabilistic integrated object recognition and tracking framework called PIORT, together with two specific methods derived from it, which are evaluated experimentally in several test video sequences. The first step in the proposed framework is a static recognition module that provides class probabilities for each pixel of the image from a set of local features. These probabilities are updated dynamically and supplied to a tracking decision module capable of handling full and partial occlusions. The two specific methods presented use RGB color features and differ in the classifier implemented: one is a Bayesian method based on maximum likelihood and the other one is based on a neural network. The experimental results obtained have shown that, on one hand, the neural net based approach performs similarly and sometimes better than the Bayesian approach when they are integrated within the tracking framework. And on the other hand, our PIORT methods have achieved better results when compared to other published tracking methods in video sequences taken with a moving camera and including full and partial occlusions of the tracked object.     

内蒙古自治区太仆寺旗伊胡赛金矿区地质特征及外围找矿方向分析

伊胡赛金矿区位于内蒙古自治区太仆寺旗西南部,大地构造位于“华北地台”北缘,天山-兴蒙巨型纬向构造带,是中温热液裂隙充填型金矿床.文章总结了本区的地质特征,并通过对本区矿床类型、矿床成因及控矿因素的综合分析、探讨,指出在该区应以寻找破碎带蚀变岩型金矿为主并指出了在该区及其外围进一步找矿的方向和靶区.     

一种优化的AP-CAPSA中文文本结构分析算法*

从段落向量空间模型、特征词权重等多个侧面分析比较了已有的文本结构分析算法,提出了优化的AP-CAPSA算法;给出了算法性能的评价准则,并在不同的语料集合上进行了测试。实验表明该方法能够更有效地反映文本的结构,为中文自动摘要系统奠定了重要的理论基础。     

Biases in quantitative judgements

This article illustrates the biases that can occur in making quantitative judgements. The mechanisms that produce the biases are described. Ways are suggested to avoid some of the biase, but it is not possible to avoid them all.     

课堂教学质量的综合量化评估研究

结合所设计的两层结构的课堂教学质量综合评价指标集，应用模糊数学理论，设计提出了一种课堂教学质量综合量化评估方法。并将该方法应用到实际，结果证明所提出的方法能科学、客观、公正、准确地反映出课堂教学的综合质量，为提高高校教学质量，加强教学管理提供了量化依据。     

低速旋转机器振动测试与评价

低转速机器振动频率低、幅值小,测量困难.在考察转子的平衡情况时,不能仅通过振动幅值的大小来评价转子的平衡状况,而应该通过试加重量计算加重灵敏度以后,再计算出转子残余不平衡量并与标准要求值进行比较和判断.     

天津市水源水质特性分析与评价

针对天津市的水源情况,分析评价了1996-2005年10年期间滦河原水和黄河原水的水质变化特点.结果表明,天津市的水源水质普遍存在低温低浊、高藻、微污染的特点.采用Kmeans聚类法对水源水质进行水质分期,把滦河原水划分为3个水质期,黄河原水划分为2个水质期,并对每个水质期的水质特点进行分析和评价,对水厂运行工艺及参数的调整起到一定的指导作用.