土工布加筋基础的一维非线性模型(英文)

本文推导出一个代表软土双曲线弹簧支撑的土工布加筋基础一维非线性模型。该模型的数学形式是两个非线性二阶常微分方程组。给出了解常微分方程组的迭代格式，并着重讨论了非线性弹簧参数对加筋基础的沉降和土工布拉力的影响。     

基于EKG电动脱水去除稻田土壤 重金属Cd的试验研究

为研究基于EKG电动脱水去除稻田土壤重金属镉(Cd)的效果,进行了土壤淋洗-电动脱水室内模拟试验,重点考察了FeCl₃淋洗后在不同电压梯度(1,2,3,4,5 V/cm)和不同电极间距(20, 30, 40, 50 cm)下,土壤各截面pH值的变化特点和电动脱水去除土壤Cd的效果。结果表明:电动脱水前后土壤各截面pH值均在2.2~2.5之间波动;土壤Cd的电动脱除率随电压梯度增大而增大,随电极间距增大而减小,脱除率最大可达47%;单位电动脱除率的能耗均与电压梯度和电极间距的大小呈正相关。试验结果说明以EKG为电极材料进行电动脱水,能有效地控制土壤各截面pH值,促进土壤孔隙水中可移动态Cd的高效脱除。     

土工合成材料大型直剪界面作用宏细观研究

利用大型直剪模型试验设备，在不同竖向压力下进行一系列的土工合成材料直剪试验，应用数码可视化跟踪技术，结合土体变形无标点量测技术来研究双向土工格栅与砂土直剪界面作用的宏细观特性，同时分析界面附近土压力分布规律，并研究界面颗粒运动变化规律和细观组构演化特征与宏观特性的关联。分析结果表明，直剪筋土界面附近竖向压力分布从前端依次向后端减少；直剪界面位移达25 mm时，形成了稳定的剪应变集中带；在筋土界面（6～8）D₅₀粒径厚度范围内，界面颗粒以旋转和平动方式同时位移，该范围外颗粒以平动方式沿剪切方向位移，且位移较小；在剪切过程中，界面颗粒发生旋转，土体发生剪胀，孔隙率增大，平均接触数减小，颗粒重新被压密，孔隙率减小，平均接触数增多，颗粒长轴排列趋于水平方向，各细观组构处于相对稳定状态。     

真空预压法在软基处理中的应用研究

文中介绍了真空预压法在华能丹东电厂软基处理中应用的工程实例。通过现场监测及检测资料进行加固效果的评估分析 ,证明其具有良好排水固结效果 ,并针对设计中采用新的设计内容进行了总结、探讨。     

Geosynthetics in geoenvironmental engineering

Abstract

Geosynthetics are planar polymeric products, which are used in connection with soil, rock or other soil-like materials to fulfill various functions in geoenvironmental engineering. Geosynthetics are of ever-growing importance in the construction industry. Sealing of waste storage facilities to safely prevent the emission of wastewater, landfill gas and contaminated dust as well as the diffusion of pollutants into the environment and coastal protection against storms and floods and reconstruction after natural disaster are important fields of application. We will give an overview of the various geosynthetic products. Two examples of the material problems related to geosynthetics are discussed in detail: the effect of creep on the long-term performance of geocomposite drains and the numerical simulation of the interaction of soil with geogrids. Both issues are of importance for the use of these products in landfill capping systems. The various functions, which geosynthetics may fulfill in the protection of coastal lines, are illustrated by case studies. The geosynthetic market is evaluated and economical and environmental benefits, as well as environmental side effects related to the use of geosynthetics, are discussed.     

横向地震作用下土工合成材料加筋土挡墙筋材拉力分析

土工合成材料加筋土挡墙具备优良的抗震性能,但是,国内外现行的加筋土挡墙筋材动拉力计算方法存在地震动参数选用不尽合理的问题,一方面可能带来结构安全隐患,另一方面也造成了工程界的疑虑.基于此,在前期工作的基础上应用非线性动力有限元法分析了高加筋土挡墙在不同地震激励作用下的地震响应,重点讨论了强震作用下筋材拉力的影响因素.分...     

水土保持用土工合成材料的开发与研究

阐述了陕北地区的水土状况,通过对从陕北采回的土样进行实验测试并作出土壤颗粒粒径分析,然后有针对性地对采样地设计出水土保持用的非织造土工合成材料的关键参数,同时对该非织造布的生产方式作出选择,为今后水土保持和植被培育提供了前期的准备工作.     

防老化聚丙烯土工材料的开发及产品性能研究

本文分析了聚丙烯的老化机理,探索了其防老化途径。通过人工气候老化试验,证明防老化丙纶土工布的抗老化性能明显改善。     

土工合成材料双向拉伸多功能试验机的研制及初步应用

为揭示土工合成材料双向拉伸状态下的力学特性,自主研制了一台双向拉伸多功能试验机,能够进行瞬时和长期蠕变双向拉伸试验。瞬时拉伸采用电机控制,可以实现两个方向任意比例下应力和应变加载;蠕变拉伸采用法码加载,可同时进行3组大变形蠕变拉伸试验。经初步应用表明,该试验机能够进行复杂应力、应变路径下土工合成材料双向拉伸试验,为土工合成材料双向拉伸力学特性的研究提供了一种科学有效手段。     

Controlling strain in geosynthetic liner systems used in vertically expanded landfills

According to relevant new regulations in China,a composite liner system involving geosynthetic materials must be installed at the bottom of an expanded landfill.The deformation and integrity of the composite liner under a variety of factors are important issue to be considered in the design of a landfill expansion.In this paper,we investigate the strain distribution in geosynthetic materials within the composite liner system of expanded landfills,including strains in geosynthetic materials resulting from overall settlement and lateral movement of landfills,localized subsidence in landfills,and differential settlement around gas venting wells.The allowable strains of geosynthetic materials are discussed based on the results of tensile tests,and the corresponding design criteria for composite liner systems are proposed.Meanwhile,practical measures allowing strain control in geosynthetic materials used in landfill engineering are proposed.