三板溪水电站八洋河料场坝料开采

为了满足三板溪水电站面板堆石坝大坝填筑的进度,在八洋河料场开采中采用大孔径梯段爆破来开采大坝ⅢB,ⅢCB和ⅢCA区坝料,有效的提高了开采强度和作业效率,满足了面板堆石坝高强度、快速度的施工要求。石料开采施工中使用的加大孔距、减小排距的布孔方式和微差挤压爆破技术,保证了大坝填筑料的块度和级配要求。     

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海上钻探和陆上钻探存在诸多差异,设计方式亦有所不同。文章针对海上钻探大量采用定向井的实际情况,详细讨论了如何利用海上定向井测井资料预测所钻地区地层压力的方法,主要包括测井资料的井斜校正和海水深度、平台高度对计算地层压力的影响等内容。如果不考虑这些因素来计算地层压力,其结果就会远远偏离真实值。通过对上述因素的分析,建立了适用于海上钻探地层压力计算的方法。将此法应用于某海上油田地层压力预测中效果良好。文章在对所研究区块进行地层压力计算时分别使用了等效深度法和伊顿法,计算结果说明在研究区块伊顿法计算结果优于等效深度法。其原因为该区含有大量粉砂岩地层而纯泥岩层少的缘故。     

井间地震勘探的误区及出路

井间地震勘探的目的是获得主频和分辨率都很高的地下记录。然而,目前的井间地震勘探陷进了一个误区,即井间地震勘探的大部分射线都落在临界角以外的区域。本文通过对一些实例的分析,确信井间地震勘探的射线入射角小于或大于临界角是成功或失败的标志。文中采用弹性波波动方程正演模型论证,当地层水平时,在井下激发,地震波场在左、右两侧很快超过了临界角,形成极为复杂的波场紊乱区(笔者称之为“牛角尖”)。在这个区域内,射线理论已经不再适用,初至也无法准确拾取,造成了井间成像的极大困难。据此,文中明确指出了今后发展井间地震勘探工作的出路在于将射线的入射角控制在临界角以内并保证震源有足够的能量。     

PDC钻头与岩石相互作用规律试验研究

试验采用81/2in和121/4in两种PDC钻头,对嘉陵江石灰岩和香溪砂岩两种典型岩样进行钻进,在不同钻头转速和钻压下,测得了扭矩和机械钻速.分析试验结果得出,对于表面刮削破碎和体积破碎两种岩石破碎状态,钻压对扭矩的影响不一样.当钻压没有达到体积破碎钻压时,钻压对扭矩的影响较小;当钻压超过体积破碎钻压时,钻压对扭矩的影响非常明显.钻头转速对钻头扭矩几乎无影响.     

Characterization of polymer films using a slow positron beam

Polymer structures have been investigated using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) with a slow positron beam as well as a conventional radioactive source (²²Na). The properties of the free volume holes near the polymer surface were studied as a function of the positron implantation energy. The longest lifetime was associated with ortho-positronium (o-Ps) annihilation in the free volume holes. In polytetrafluoroethylene film, the lifetime of o-Ps was observed to decrease with increasing positron implantation depth, and a significant change in the o-Ps lifetime was found at a short distance (about 10 nm) from the surface, while its intensity increased. This result implies that near the polymer surface the free volume holes become larger that in the bulk. The effect of temperature on the polymer sub-surface layers was also studied. For high molecular weight polystyrene, the glass transition temperature for the sub-surface was lower than that for the bulk and thermal expansion coefficient of the sub-surface layers was found to be larger than the bulk value. Electronic Publication     

DZ450／9—S双升式钻机底座的结构优化设计

建立杆系钻机底座结构优化设计的数学模型,以底座结构的结构重量为目标函数,所考虑的约束包括应力约束,截面尺寸上下限约束,位移约束和局部稳定约束,采用离散变量的拟满应力结构优化设计与有限元分析相结合的方法,给优化计算的步骤,编制相应的计算程序,DZ450／9－S钻机底座结构优化设计计算的结果表明,采用的结构优化设计方法是可行的。     

Correlations between jointing and seismic velocities in highly fractured rock masses

The paper presents the results of a study of heavily fractured calcareous rock masses outcropping in southern Italy based on both the unidimensional joint frequency (Nl) and rock quality designation (RQD) of rock cores and seismic velocity data from laboratory and down-hole tests. The in situ longitudinal wave velocities (v) were always very low and were correlated with both Nl and RQD. Between 1 and 2 km/s, small increases in velocity were associated with a considerable decrease in Nl and significant increase in RQD value. A velocity of 1.22 km/s corresponded to an RQD value of 0. The study indicated that the simple correlation proposed by the International Society for Rock Mechanics to evaluate the RQD from the unidimensional joint frequency can underestimate the results for heavily fractured rock masses, but that good correlations can be obtained between RQD and seismic velocity. Electronic Publication     

C型单翻翻车机端环优化工艺设计分析

通过对端环的结构和使用性能的分析，重点论述在保证设计要求和使用性能的前提下，从传统的机床入手，采用非传统工艺，实现产品的加工。并重点在组立焊接、支撑加固、装卡工艺孔、测量、加工等方面提出端环的加工方法及注意事项。     

包钢高炉铁口炮泥的发展与进步

文章介绍了国内高炉铁口炮泥的发展现状和铁口侵蚀机理、铁口炮泥所需的原料及其生产工艺流程，同时也介绍了包钢铁口炮泥的发展历程及技术进步。