重视并做好人力资源开发工作

每个国定的经济能不能持续发展 ;能不能在激烈的国际竞争中始终不衰 ;关键在于这个国家能不能开发人力资源 ;占领人力资源、用好人力资源。     

The Logarithmic Image Processing Model: Connections with Human Brightness Perception and Contrast Estimators

The logarithmic image processing (LIP) model is amathematical framework based on abstract linear mathematicswhich provides a set of specific algebraic and functionaloperations that can be applied to the processing of intensityimages valued in a bounded range. The LIP model has been provedto be physically justified in the setting of transmitted lightand to be consistent with several laws and characteristics ofthe human visual system. Successful application examples havealso been reported in several image processing areas, e.g.,image enhancement, image restoration, three-dimensional imagereconstruction, edge detection and image segmentation.The aim of this article is to show that the LIP model is atractable mathematical framework for image processing which isconsistent with several laws and characteristics of humanbrightness perception. This is a survey article in the sensethat it presents (almost) previously published results in arevised, refined and self-contained form. First, an introductionto the LIP model is exposed. Emphasis will be especially placedon the initial motivation and goal, and on the scope of themodel. Then, an introductory summary of mathematicalfundamentals of the LIP model is detailed. Next, the articleaims at surveying the connections of the LIP model with severallaws and characteristics of human brightness perception, namelythe brightness scale inversion, saturation characteristic, Weber'sand Fechner's laws, and the psychophysical contrast notion. Finally,it is shown that the LIP model is a powerful and tractable framework for handling the contrast notion. This is done througha survey of several LIP-model-based contrast estimators associated with special subparts (point, pair of points,boundary, region) of intensity images, that are justified bothfrom a physical and mathematical point of view.     

Trends in Hydrological Parameters of a Southern Brazilian Watershed and its Relation to Human Induced Changes

The Piracicaba river basin is a subtropical watershed located in the southeastern region of Brazil. With an area of 12 400 km², the basin is a typical example of new landscape resulting from development in tropical and sub-tropical regions: establishment of intensive industrial and agricultural processes were followed by significant population growth and water management. This scenario has led to significant increase in water demand and decrease in water quality. The main objective of this study is the detection of changes in the patterns of flow and precipitation in the basin, and its possible relation to man-induced changes. Statistical analyses were performed on records of precipitation, evapotranspiration and streamflow, from 1947 to 1991. Precipitation and evapotranspiration totals showed significant increasing trends for the entire basin. From eight streamflow gauge stations, half showed significant decreasing trend. The most probable cause of such trends is the export of water from the basin to the metropolitan region of São Paulo city.     

从复印机纸盒结构看人性化设计

静电复印机是常用的办公设备,复印时要将不同规格的复印纸装入纸盒,经常需要操作者对纸盒进行调整。从使用者的角度讲,要用最小的力气、最简便的方法来完成对机器的操纵。这就需要考虑进行人性化设计。纸盒调整主要有自动监测纸盒尺寸的功能和纸盒内侧挡板(导纸板)的调整。对比不同品牌和不同机型复印机的纸盒设计,可看出人性化设计对方便操作者使用的重要性,也为购买机器时提供了借鉴。     

城市环境的影响与作用

揭示了城市环境的基本性质的基本特征，研究了城市环境对人的心理影响和生理影响。指出城市环境建设不公要满足人的物质需要，还要满足人的精神需要。     

预防HIV传播的药物

药物预防HIV传播是人类战胜HIV的重要手段。现将预防HIV感染药的研发现状，抗HIV药在预防母婴传播，暴露前后预防的研发和应用动态作一综述。     

边坡稳定影响因素及稳定分析方法探讨

在明确边坡稳定性取决于边坡自身的结构特性、水、振动、人类活动、气候条件、风化及植被等内外因素综合作用的前提下,对边坡的稳定分析方法从定性到定量的发展过程进行了分析。定性分析法主要有地质历史力学分析法、工程经验类比法和图解法等;定量分析法主要有极限平衡法、有限单元法、能量平衡法、控制理论分析法、智能技术分析法以及综合分析法等。针对现有边坡稳定分析方法存在的利弊,提出了需要深入研究的问题,以完善边坡稳定性的研究内容。     

Determining stress intensity factors of composites using crack opening displacement

The main purpose of this paper is to find the mixed-mode stress intensity factors of composite materials using the crack opening displacement (COD). First, a series solution of the composite material with a crack was used to evaluate COD values. Then, the least-squares method was used to calculate mixed-mode stress intensity factors. This algorithm can be applied to any method that generates or measures COD values. The major advantage of this method is that COD values very near the crack tip are not necessary. Both finite element simulations and laboratory experiments were applied to validate this least-squares method with acceptable accuracy if the even terms of the series solution are removed.     

陕西南部路基病害分布特征及主要控制因素探讨

在统计分析的基础上,归纳总结了陕西南部各类路基病害的分布特征,并从自然因素和人为因素两个方面分析了各类路基病害发生的主要控制因素。