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111.
超塑20钢的空洞与断裂行为 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文在获取20钢超塑性的基础上,对其空洞与断裂行为进行了研究,通过观察空洞的产生和测定空洞的长大,提出了一种超塑材料空洞的形核模型。研究确认,超塑20钢的断裂由沿晶和穿晶两种断裂类型组成。 相似文献
112.
《Materials and Manufacturing Processes》2006,21(8):819-823
Linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to optimize the vacuum heat-treatment procedures for conventional hot-work AISI H11 tool steel. The fracture toughness was determined with non-standard, circumferentially notched and fatigue-precracked tensile-test specimens. The fracture-testing method is sensitive to changes caused by variations in the microstructure resulting from the austenitizing and tempering temperatures as well as the homogeneity of the material itself. The combined tempering diagram- Rockwell-C hardness, Fracture toughness KIc, Tempering temperature was used for the choice of the vacuum heat-treatment parameters necessary to obtain the best properties for a given application with respect to the investigated steel. 相似文献
113.
应用地应力模拟技术研究断块区剩余油分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应力场数值模拟不仅能够重塑出不同阶段地应力场,而且还可以定量一半定量地预测破裂的发生、裂缝的方向和密度,进一步探讨时间和空间上油气运移的规律,为油田勘探、开发提供必要的依据。本文以大庆萨北开发区北二西断层区为研究对象,通过应力场数值模拟研究了流体运移势场与剩余油分布的关系、流体运移与构造应力的关系、裂缝形成与剩余油分布的关系,确定了剩余油分布的有利区域,为油田注采系统的设计、部署和油田开发及措施调整提供了依据。 相似文献
114.
The cohesive model is used for the prediction of the crack path during stable crack extension in ductile materials. The problem of crack-path deviation is investigated by means of simulation of crack propagation in a round tensile bar. The respective phenomenon is known as cup-cone fracture. It is shown that the model is able to predict the failure mechanism, which consists of normal fracture in the center and combined normal/shear fracture in the so-called “shear lips” at the specimen’s rim. The damage evolution and crack path predicted by the model are presented. The effect of the normal and shear failure parameters on the crack-deflection point and several aspects of the finite element mesh are discussed. 相似文献
115.
Piero Villaggio 《Journal of Engineering Mathematics》2003,46(3-4):409-416
The diffusion of contact stresses between an elastic bar, bonded to an elastic half-plane and loaded longitudinally, requires the integration of a singular integral equation. The solution of this equation is not available in closed form, but only by a series expansion of the contact tangential force mutually transmitted between the stiffener and the plate. Since forty years it has been realized that the expansion of the solution in terms of Chebyshev polynomials is its most convenient method of representation. The procedure can also be extended to treat the brittle detachments of the tips of the stiffener when, according to Griffith's criterion of fracture, a balance can be virtually established between the increase of strain energy due to a propagation of cracks and the surface energy created. 相似文献
116.
An existing extensive database on the isothermal and thermomechanical fatigue behaviour of high-temperature titanium alloy
EVII 834 and dispersoid-strengthened aluminum alloy X8019 in SiC particle-reinforced as well as unreinv conditions was used
to evaluate both the adaptability of fracture mechanics approaches to TMF and the resulting predictive capabilities of determining
material life by crack propagation consideration. Selection of the correct microstructural concepts was emphasised and these
concepts were, then adjusted by using data from independent experiments in order to avoid any sort of fitting. It is shown
that the cyclic /-integral (δJeff concept) is suitable to predict the cyclic lifetime for conditions where the total crack propagation rate is approximately
identical to pure fatigue crack growth velocity. In the case that crack propagation is strongly affected by creep, the creep-fatigue
damage parameter δCF introduced by Riedel can be successfully applied. If environmental effects are very pronounced, the accelerating influence
of corrosion on fatigue crack propagation can no longer implicitly be taken into account in the fatigue crack growth law.
Instead, a linear combination of the crack growth rate contributions from plain fatigue (determined in vacuum) and from environmental
attack is assumed and found to yield a satisfactory prediction, if the relevant corrosion process is taken into account. 相似文献
117.
118.
用屏蔽暂堵技术封堵水平井裂缝性漏层 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
克拉玛依油田HW702水平井的大斜度段和水平段,将穿越纵向裂缝发育的二叠系佳木河组储层。为安全钻进和保护油层,用超细碳酸钙和磺化沥青复配后加入复合离子钻井液中成屏蔽暂堵的堵漏钻井液。室内用岩心试验,屏蔽暂堵后渗透率可降为0,暂堵深度小于3cm,可用酸化和射孔解堵。现场使用效果也很好,使HW702水平井顺利完钻,并获得工业油气流。 相似文献
119.
横波速度各向异性初步探讨:—多波勘探资料的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在纵波、SH 型横波资料处理和解释过程中,我们发现四川 HBC 地区地下介质普遍存在方向各向异性。当横波通过方向各向异性介质时,分裂成两个波:一个波的偏振方向与裂缝平行,叫快横波;另一个波的偏振方向与裂缝走向垂直,叫慢横波。采用相应的观测和处理方法,便可获得快横波和慢横波剖面。根据同一界面的快、慢横波的旅行时可以求得各向异性系数。同样,还可以利用 SH 波与转换波的速度比求取各向异性系数。各向异性系数的大小,反映了裂缝的发育程度。如果野外作了 X、Y 分量观测,室内又作了坐标旋转处理,那么,就可以进一步确定裂缝带的方向。如果未作上述工作,也可以根据构造线走向,大致确定裂缝带的发育方向。 相似文献
120.
A new interaction integral formulation is developed for evaluating the elastic T-stress for mixed-mode crack problems with
arbitrarily oriented straight or curved cracks in orthotropic nonhomogeneous materials. The development includes both the
Lekhnitskii and Stroh formalisms. The former is physical and relatively simple, and the latter is mathematically elegant.
The gradation of orthotropic material properties is integrated into the element stiffness matrix using a “generalized isoparametric
formulation” and (special) graded elements. The specific types of material gradation considered include exponential and hyperbolic-tangent
functions, but micromechanics models can also be considered within the scope of the present formulation. This paper investigates
several fracture problems to validate the proposed method and also provides numerical solutions, which can be used as benchmark
results (e.g. investigation of fracture specimens). The accuracy of results is verified by comparison with analytical solutions. 相似文献