浅谈地铁盾构管片拼装质量控制措施

管片拼装是地铁盾构施工的一个重要工序,每环管片由6块按一定顺序由管片拼装机拼装而成,管片拼装质量是影响整个隧道工程质量的关键因素。文中介绍了地铁盾构隧道管片拼装步骤,并结合深圳地铁二号线登良站～后海站～科苑站区间管片拼装施工,提出管片拼装质量控制措施。     

机械类专业课和实践环节的教学改革研究与实践

提出了机械类专业课和实践环节的教学改革应以制造工艺为主线,改革内容应按照其认知规律进行组织和整合的思路,并总结了实施的初步成效及相关经验。     

广州地铁六号线3标段盾构管片设计关键技术

通过对广州地铁六号线盾构3标段管片设计、选型及施工的研究,论述了在盾构隧道曲线段的通用环管片和左右转管片的楔形量、转弯能力计算方法和设计技术,该文提供的设计计算方法对类似工程的管片设计具有参考价值。     

潜油电机设计方法研究及验证

潜油电机是一种立式工作的特殊三相异步电动机,其结构细长,定转子采用分段结构,每两段定转子之间分别装有隔磁段和扶正轴承.显然普通三相异步电机的设计方法难以适用于潜油电机.修正了潜油电机端部漏抗和隔磁段漏抗的计算方法,并采用流体力学的基本理论,推导出了转子与润滑油之间的油摩损耗的计算公式,计算了扶正轴承中的涡流损耗,改进了潜油电机的设计方法.设计制造了两台样机,一台装有隔磁段,另一台没有隔磁段,旨在考核分段处结构对电机电磁参数和性能指标的影响.实验结果验证了所改进设计方法的正确性,同时得到隔磁段对电磁参数和性能存在较大影响,设计时应充分考虑.     

机器人关节间的碰撞检测

将多臂机器人各运动关节简化为具有一定直径的圆柱体,通过计算两圆柱体中心线间最短距离来进行机器人的碰撞检测研究.在此过程中,首先通过总结提炼两空间线段间的相互位置关系,在进行解析,推导的基础上,提出了7个有意义的解析几何推论,直接可得出两空间线段间的最短距离,然后根据得出的结果,设计了一个机器人运动关节间的碰撞检测算法.该算法程序设计简单,计算量小,能有效地满足实际应用需要.     

Visual quality with corneo-scleral contact lenses after intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation for keratoconus management

PurposeTo evaluate the visual quality results when fitting a corneo-scleral contact lens (CScL) after intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation for keratoconus management.MethodsTwenty-seven eyes of 27 patients with keratoconus underwent ICRS implantation and had CScL fitted as their visual quality was unsatisfactory with their spectacles or contact lenses. Patients received a complete eye examination, refraction and visual acuity assessment, anterior eye biomicroscopy, ocular fundus examination, corneal topographic analysis, endothelial-cell count, and visual quality assessment using contrast sensitivity and aberrometry tests. A diagnostic trial set was used in the fitting process, and patients were assessed according to a standardised methodology, including subjective visual quality and comfort, and contact lens usage time. The follow-up period was one year.ResultsAfter fitting CScL, log-MAR visual acuity values improved significantly in relation to the best spectacle-corrected vision (0.22 ± 0.17 vs 0.00 ± 0.12; p < 0.001). Total high-order aberrations decreased 33% (2.62 ± 1.31 vs 1.75 ± 1.81 μm; p < 0.009) and the spatial frequencies of contrast sensitivity all improved (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, 70.37% of patients reported high ratings of subjective visual quality (favourable and very favourable) and prolonged usage times (11.78 ± 3.93 h). After wearing CScL for one year, no adverse ocular effects or clinically relevant changes in corneal parameters, visual quality, comfort ratings or usage time were found.ConclusionThis CScL appears to be an alternative reasonable option for keratoconic eyes with ICRS placement, providing an improvement in subjective visual quality.     

基于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮合成非离子型水性聚氨酯

以偶氮二异丁氰（AIBN）为引发剂,异丙氧基乙醇（IPGE）和巯基乙醇（MCE）作链转移剂,合成低相对分子质量单端羟基的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（ PVP）。采用甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇（PTMEG,M_n=1 000）为原料, 1,4-丁二醇（BDO）和三羟甲基丙烷（TMP）作小分子扩链剂,添加羟基功能化的 PVP作亲水性链段,合成了以 PVP作为非离子亲水链段的水性聚氨酯分散体。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、激光解离基质飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF）、凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）等方法对合成的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮及水性聚氨酯进行分析表征。结果表明聚乙烯吡咯烷酮链段可作为水性聚氨酯亲水性链段,并且合成出的非离子聚氨酯乳液具有耐电解质、冻融稳定性好的特性。     

The influence of hand hole on the ultimate strength and crack pattern of shield tunnel segment joints by scaled model test

With the shield tunnel going deeper and deeper, the circumferential axial force becomes the governing factor rather than the bending moment. The hand hole acts as a weak point and initial damage in the segment joint especially when the circumferential axial force is extremely high. Despite the wide application of steel fiber or synthetic fiber in the tunneling, limited researches focus on the structural responses of segment joint with macro structural synthetic fiber (MSSF). In this paper, a 1:2 reduced-scale experiment was conducted to study the structural performance of the segment joint with different types of hand holes under ultra-high axial force. Special attention is paid to failure mode and structural performance (bearing capacity, deformation, cracking, and toughness). Moreover, segment joints with MSSF are also tested to evaluate the effects of MSSF on the failure mode and structural performance of the segment joints. The experiment results show that the hand hole becomes the weakest point of the segment joint under ultra-high axial force. A \ /-type crack pattern is always observed before the final failure of the segment joints. Different types and sizes of the hand hole have different degree of influences on the structural behavior of segment joints. The segment joint with MSSF shows higher ultimate bearing capacity and toughness compared to segment joint with common concrete. Besides, the MSSF improves the initial cracking load and anti-spallling resistance of the segment joint.     

基于FlexRay总线的静态段带宽利用率研究

为提高FlexRay网络的带宽利用率,文中对FlexRay静态段参数和传输中消息的长度进行了研究。针对静态段参数数学模型和静态消息帧长度差异过大造成大量带宽浪费的情况,分别提出了MATLAB的优化函数和将部分较长消息分割成两个长度相同消息进行分配方法。文中阐述了将FlexRay静态段数学模型转化为非线性规划的问题,所提的分配方法考虑了分割后的消息在编码过程中增加的无效比特数对整个网络的影响。数值实验表明,该方法可以在理论最优带宽利用率的基础上实现进一步提高。     

一种基于特征的BP神经网络车牌字符识别

字符识别是自动车牌识别系统中很关键的一步.字符识别有以下几步,首先,对车牌图像进行预处理.其次,通过竖直方向投影分割字符.最后,将提取的字符特征输入网络进行训练.在实验中,利用该方法对光照不均、字符大小不一、运动背景的图像,特别是相似字符的识别获得了较高的识别率,并且将其与字符输入BP神经网络进行对比分析.实验结果表明,该方法对字符识别有很好的鲁棒性、有效性.