Improving carriers mobility in copper and iron-codoped CdO

Thin films of Fe and Cu-codoped CdO (CdO:Cu:Fe) with different Fe content and fixed Cu content were deposited in a high vacuum on glass and Si wafer substrates. These films were studied by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XED), optical spectroscopy, and dc-electrical measurements. The structural results show enhancement of film [1 1 1] orientation with Fe doping especially with 1.3%Fe film. Also, light doping with Fe improves the dc-conduction parameters of the CdO:Cu:Fe films so that the utmost enhancement of mobility (90.5 cm²/Vs) and conductivity (1470.6 S/cm) was found with 1.3 wt% Fe doping level. It was found that the variation in the bandgap is related to the variation in electron concentration that caused by Fe doping. For low Fe ion concentration (<1.3 wt% ), the bandgap varies according to the Moss–Burstein model.     

Porous Iron–Cobalt Alloy/Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Cages Synthesized via Pyrolysis of Complex Metal–Organic Framework Hybrids for Oxygen Reduction

Efficient and stable nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction are of great significance in some important electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems. As a unique class of porous hybrid materials, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and their composites are recently considered as promising precursors to derive advanced functional materials with controlled structures and compositions. Here, an “MOF‐in‐MOF hybrid” confined pyrolysis strategy is developed for the synthesis of porous Fe–Co alloy/N‐doped carbon cages. A unique “MOF‐in‐MOF hybrid” architecture constructed from a Zn‐based MOF core and a Co‐based MOF hybrid shell encapsulated with FeOOH nanorods is first prepared, followed by a pyrolysis process to obtain a cage‐shaped hybrid material consisting of Fe–Co alloy nanocrystallites evenly distributed inside a porous N‐doped carbon microshell. Of note, this strategy can be extended to synthesize many other multifunctional “nanosubstrate‐in‐MOF hybrid” core–shelled structures. Benefiting from the structural and compositional advantages, the as‐derived hybrid cages exhibit superior electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline solution. The present approach may provide some insight in design and synthesis of complex MOF hybrid structures and their derived functional materials for energy storage and conversion applications.     

取向硅钢高温退火样品晶粒尺寸、取向及磁性能关系的研究

采用EBSD技术测晶粒取向,结合晶粒形貌观察,研究了普通取向硅钢高温退火样品晶粒尺寸、取向分布和电磁性能的关系。结果表明,异常长大的晶粒主要为Goss取向,小晶粒取向较杂乱,晶粒尺寸与晶粒取向有一定的相关性;晶粒尺寸和晶粒取向分别对铁损和磁感影响较大。     

热工仪表自动化技术应用探析

随着科学技术的不断发展,钢铁企业热工仪表自动化技术应用日益广泛,对于钢铁企业的生产质量与生产效率提升有着重要推动作用。本文就热工仪表自动化技术应用进行具体分析,希望起到一定的借鉴作用。     

自熔性烧结含碳球团铁连晶形成动力学过程

链连晶是保持含碳球团热强度的金属骨架。在还原气氛条件下，反应温度600～700℃时，金属铁雏晶形成；铁连晶的形成存在一个临界温度700～750℃。实验表明，低于这个临界温度，即使长时间保温，铁连晶也不易形成；只有当加速率足够大时才会导致铁连晶的形成。在温度确定后，碳的固溶过程是时间的函数，在极短的时间内快速升温是提高含碳球团强度的有效途径。     

Single‐Crystalline Dodecahedral and Octodecahedralα‐Fe2O3 Particles Synthesized by a Fluoride Anion–Assisted Hydrothermal Method

Despite significant advances in iron oxide nanoparticles, it is still a challenge to synthesize regular polyhedral single‐crystalline α‐Fe₂O₃ particles because the surface energies of several low‐index planes are fairly similar. In the work presented here, well‐dispersed and single‐crystalline dodecahedral and octodecahedral α‐Fe₂O₃ particles are synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method with the aid of F^? anions. The crystalline structure of the polyhedral particles is disclosed by various characterization techniques. The dodecahedral particles are of hexagonal bipyramidal shape and enclosed by twelve equivalent (101) planes. The octodecahedral particles are formed by adding six equivalent (111) planes on the two tips of a dodecahedral particle, that is, they are enclosed by twelve (101) planes and six (111) planes. The existence of F^? anions plays a crucial role in the control of polyhedral particle shape. The function of F^? anions in the shape formation of the polyhedral particles is proposed as follows: 1) A high concentration of exposed Fe³⁺ cations induces preferential adsorption of F^? anions on the (100) plane and leads to the slowest growth along the [100] direction. When the concentration of F^? anions is higher than 24 mM , a stable speed ratio of growth along the [001] and [100] directions results in the exposure of (101) planes. 2) With a lower concentration of F^? anions, six symmetrical (111) planes with low concentration of exposed Fe³⁺ cations are present at the tops of a dodecahedral particle to form an octodecahedron. Furthermore, the dodecahedral and octodecahedral α‐Fe₂O₃ particles show much stronger magnetism than the previously reported α‐Fe₂O₃ nanostructures, having coercivities of 4986 Oe and 6512 Oe, respectively. Such high coercivities are attributed to a large local magnetic anisotropy, which might be induced by the polyhedron with equivalent crystallographic planes and/or the presence of F^? anions.     

锂离子蓄电池正极材料LiFePO_4研究进展

锂离子电池正极材料正在向着高比能量、长寿命、低成本、环境友好的方向发展,LiFePO4正极材料以其结构稳定、成本低、无污染等优点成为21世纪研究重点。综述了LiFePO4的研究进展。系统地阐述了其晶体结构特征及性能,以及合成方法、掺杂导电材料和控制晶体生长制备纳米粉体等对材料性能的影响。提出了下一步可能的研究方向。     

快速热退火对SPV法测试氧化硅片中铁的影响

研究了快速热退火(RTA)对表面光电压SPV法测试氧化硅片中铁的影响.结果表明,氧化硅片在1100℃的条件下RTA 3min后,SPV测出的铁含量大幅度地减小.由于RTA的均匀化作用,氧化硅片表层的铁浓度显著低于氧化刚结束时硅片表层的铁浓度.根据SPV测试理论,从硅片表面到少数载流子产生处这一区域的铁浓度最终决定了铁含量的测试结果,即硅片表层的铁含量代表了整个硅片的铁含量.因此,氧化硅片经RTA处理后,SPV测出的铁含量大幅度地减小.     

球铁曲轴零件的激光冲击强化

采用具有五轴联动数控工作台的高功率钕玻璃激光冲击强化系统，对球铁曲轴主轴颈和连杆轴颈的圆角部位实施冲击强化处理。实验中采用的激光波长为1.06 μm，脉宽为23 ns，脉冲能量为25～40 J。用流动的水帘作为激光冲击的约束层材料，硅酸乙酯作能量吸收层。对冲击后试件的残余压应力、硬度和耐磨性等进行了测量分析。结果表明，球铁曲轴经激光冲击强化后，受冲击部位没有明显的宏观变形，获得了较高的表面硬度和残余压应力，耐磨性比未冲击强化处理提高1.4倍，有效地提高和改善了曲轴的使用寿命。