锰白口铸铁塑性变形的试验研究

本文是为开发一种磨球成型新工艺——水平连铸白口铸铁棒材料轧成球所做的基础研究。本文研究了锰白口铸铁的塑性变形能力,测定了温度与临界变形率的关系曲线,并对锰白口铸铁成型能力做了试验。结果表明:锰白口铸铁具有较宽的变形温度区间,在850℃时变形量已超过55％,显示出良好的热塑性变形能力,经高温塑性变形后碳化物成孤立块状分布在基体中,从而使得冲击韧性由铸态的3J/cm~2提高到10J/cm~2。     

Thermal-sprayed Fe-10CM3P-7C amorphous coatings possessing excellent corrosion resistance

An alloy of Fe-10Cr-13P-7C was thermally sprayed by three different processes: (1) 80 kW low-pressure plasma spraying (LPPS), (2) high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) spraying, and (3) 250 kW high-energy plasma spraying (HPS). The as-sprayed coating obtained by the LPPS process was composed of an amorphous phase. In contrast, the as-sprayed coatings obtained by the HVOF and HPS processes were a mixture of amorphous and crystalline phases. The as-sprayed coatings showed a high hardness of 700 DPN. A very fine structure composed of ferrite, carbide, and phosphide was formed, producing a maximum hardness of greater than 1000 DPN in the LPPS coating just after crystallization on tempering. The corrosion re-sistance of the amorphous coating was superior to a SUS316L stainless steel coating in 1N H₂SO₄ solution and 1N HC1 solution. Furthermore, the amorphous coating underwent neither general nor pitting corro sion in1NUCI solution and 6% FeCl₃ 6H₂O solution containing 0.05N HCl, whereas the SUS316L stain less steel coating was attacked aggressively.     

SiC陶瓷/灰铸铁复合材料的组织与性能

采用泡沫塑料先驱体挂浆成型法和高温烧结法制备三维网络结构SiC陶瓷预制体,通过常压铸渗成型工艺制备了三维连续网络结构SiC陶瓷/灰铸铁复合材料,结果表明:SiC质泡沫陶瓷骨架表面经铜化合物法金属化处理后,可有效改善金属对陶瓷相的润湿与铸渗能力,使得铸态复合材料的抗拉强度提高约17%;复合材料的体积密度为6.26g/cm3,比灰铸铁降低了11%;复合材料经热处理后,其硬度为热处理前的1.62~2.91倍,抗压强度为热处理前的1.56~2.04倍。     

Si3N4(p)/SiC(w)协同复合MoSi2材料的强韧化及机理研究

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、维氏硬度计、电子万能材料试验机研究MoSi_2-Si_3N_(4(p))/SiC_(w)复合材料的结构、形貌、硬度、断裂韧性,并对SiC晶须和Si_3N_4颗粒复合强韧化MoSi_2的机理进行了探讨.结果表明,SiC晶须和Si_3N_4颗粒对MoSi_2具有协同强韧化作用,MoSi_2-20%Si_3N_(4(p))-20%SiC_(w)(体积分数,下同)复合材料的抗弯强度达427 MPa,室温断裂韧性达到10.4 MPa·m~(1/2),均高于单一强韧化剂的强韧化效果.MoSi_2-20%Si_3N_(4(p))-20%SiC_(w)复合材料的强化机理为细晶强化和弥散强化;韧化机制为细晶韧化、裂纹偏转与分支和微桥接韧化.     

应变速率对QT450-10球墨铸铁热塑性及石墨颗粒的影响

利用Gleeble-1500热模拟机研究了QT450-10球墨铸铁在不同压缩应变速率下的热塑性行为。结果表明:随着应变速率的增加,球墨铸铁在950℃下的极限压下量呈递减趋势。流变曲线随着真应变的增加,迅速达到一峰值后发生软化,即存在动态再结晶行为。利用光学显微镜观察了微观石墨球在明/暗场中的形貌,发现石墨颗粒在三向不等压应力作用下具有一定的塑性,但是应变速率对石墨颗粒的形貌及分布的直接影响并不明显。     

镍含量对激光熔覆镍-铁基涂层结构与性能的影响

采用侧向同步送粉,激光熔覆+重熔的方式在低碳钢表面制备了两种Ni–Fe–Si–B–Nb合金涂层,化学成分分别为(Ni0.5Fe0.5)62Si18B18Nb2(原子数分数x/%)和(Ni0.6Fe0.4)62Si18B18Nb2(x/%)。探讨Ni含量变化对涂层物相组成、显微组织及其性能的影响。试验结果表明,当Ni和Fe的比为1:1时,涂层重熔层物相分析表现为非晶特征的漫散射峰,微观组织由等轴晶+非晶构成,而当Ni和Fe的比为3:2时,涂层重熔层物相分析无漫散射峰形成,微观组织为树枝晶。同时树枝晶组织的显微硬度值较低,这和涂层内部形成的奥氏体较多,而且无Fe2B相和非晶相生成有关。     

钇基重稀土对大断面球铁件本体性能的影响

介绍了QT400-18高炉冷却壁铸件的性能要求,并对使用轻稀土球化剂导致铸件力学性能验收不达标的原因进行分析。采用钇基重稀土球化剂进行试验,结果显示铸件本体力学性能和金相组织都达到要求。指出钇基重稀土有加入量范围宽的特点,在原料不稳定的情况下,重稀土的抗干扰性、抗石墨畸变性、抗衰退性能较为明显,能保证铸件心部的球化等级及力学性能。     

Wetting between molten iron and prereduced ilmenite with carbon

An interfacial study between molten iron and the prereduced ilmenite with carbon was conducted at different melting temperatures by the sessile droplet method. The wetting characteristics between molten iron and the prereduced ilmenites with carbon were investigated by measuring contact angle of the droplet of molten iron on the prereduced ilmenite substrate. The images of the interface were also examined by the optical microscope and SEM equipped with EDS. The volume of molten iron increased with the melting temperature increasing when titania or high-content titania slag was used as the substrate. The contact angle decreased with the melting temperature increasing and it was independent on time at constant temperature. The contact angle was positively correlated with the reduction degree of the ilmenite, but the work of adhesion was negatively correlated with it. Higher smelting temperature was beneficial to the separation of iron and Ti oxides. The permeability of molten iron into the prereduced ilmenite with carbon was more obvious with reduction degree increasing owing to the high porosity of prereduced ilmenite.     

灰铸铁凝固数值模拟的形核率模型建立

设计并浇注了一系列阶梯形灰铸铁件,采用金相显微镜研究了各铸件不同位置的共晶团数量,分析了影响灰铸铁共晶形核的主要因素,探求了灰铸铁的共晶形核规律。研究表明,过冷度和碳当量对灰铸铁共晶形核起主要作用。随着过冷度的增大,灰铸铁共晶形核率增大。随着碳当量接近共晶成分,灰铸铁共晶形核率也增大。在总结灰铸铁形核理论并结合试验所得数据的基础上,采用统计学方法分别得出有关亚共晶灰铸铁和过共晶灰铸铁的形核率公式,为凝固过程数值模拟的动力学计算提供准确模型。     

绝缘铁粉基软磁复合材料的研究进展

本文介绍了软磁绝缘铁粉的制备方法、成形技术和应用进展。通常采用化学反应、热固性树脂包覆和无机物粉末包覆等方法对颗粒表面进行绝缘化处理获得绝缘铁粉,然后通过压制成形得到所需形状的软磁复合材料,最后进行低温热处理。近年来,温压成形、高速压制成形等新技术开始用于制备绝缘铁粉基复合材料,显著提高了材料的致密度和磁性能。目前,绝缘铁粉基软磁复合材料已应用于汽车ABS刹车伺服电机、冰箱压缩机用电机和无刷伺服电机等。