小型有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的效率

对小型有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的性能进行了实验研究,建立了应用R245fa工质的小型工质泵性能研究试验台,针对容积型工质泵的效率展开实验研究,对工质泵出口压力、进出口压差和系统质量流量分别进行控制,获得了工质泵等熵效率随上述3个变量的变化曲线.实验结果表明,在蒸发温度75℃、冷凝温度11℃条件下,有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的等熵效率范围为15%~47%,随着系统质量流量的增大和工质泵进出口压差的增加,工质泵等熵效率升高,且受到系统质量流量的影响较大.实验证实了有机朗肯循环系统中工质泵的实际运行效率比以往模拟、理论计算研究中应用的工程经验值低.依据本研究实验结果,工质泵等熵效率宜取平均值30%;基于理论循环等熵过程的分析,泵功占膨胀机输出功的比例约为8%,而实际过程中,综合考虑泵的效率、电机效率、膨胀机机械效率,其比值可达到12%以上.     

采用不同锰源合成尖晶石LiMn2O4正极材料

The spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material was synthesized with the solid-state reaction method. Four manganese compounds including electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), MnCO3, Mn3O4 and nano-EMD were used as Mn sources while LiOH·H2O was used as the uniform Li source. The crystal structure characteristics of these samples produced were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, particle size distribution analysis and specific surface area testing. Their electrochemical properties were also studied by comparing their specific capacity, charge and discharge efficiency and cycle performance.     

采用不同锰源合成尖晶石LiMn2O4正极材料

The spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material was synthesized with the solid-state reaction method. Four manganese compounds including electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), MnCO3, Mn3O4 and nano-EMD were used as Mn sources while LiOH.H2O was used as the uniform Li source. The crystal structure characteristics of these samples produced were investigated by means of XRD, SEM, particle size distribution analysis and specific surface area testing. Their electrochemical properties were also studied by comparing their specific capacity, charge and discharge efficiency and cycle performance.     

Electrical and electrochemical studies of nanocrystalline mesoporous MgFe2O4 as anode material for lithium battery applications

Nanocrystalline mesoporous spinel magnesium ferrite (MgFe₂O₄) particles with high surface area were prepared by urea assisted modified citrate combustion process. The prepared sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), BET surface area analyzer and impedance spectroscopy techniques. XRD results confirmed the formation of a single phase of nanocrystalline spinel magnesium ferrite sample. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the structural co-ordination of the magnesium ferrite sample. The spherical shape morphology of the prepared magnesium ferrite particles was confirmed from the FE-SEM images. Specific surface area and porosity of the MgFe₂O₄ sample were obtained from N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms results. The D.C. and A.C. electrical conductivities of the MgFe₂O₄ sample as a function of temperature and frequency were investigated by analyzing the measured impedance data. The activation energy for the migration of the carriers in the MgFe₂O₄ sample was found to be 0.607 eV. The dielectric studies revealed that the dielectric constant of the mesoporous MgFe₂O₄ sample increases with increase in temperature. Further, lithium battery was fabricated using the developed nanocrystalline mesoporous spinel MgFe₂O₄ as anode material and investigated its electrochemical performance. The charge-discharge studies revealed that the fabricated lithium battery using the developed nanocrystalline mesoporous MgFe₂O₄ as anode exhibited high capacity and good cycleability in the voltage range 0.005–3 V. The results show that the developed nanocrystalline mesoporous spinel magnesium ferrite could be a better anode material for lithium battery applications.     

Alisertib Induces Cell Cycle Arrest,Apoptosis, Autophagy and Suppresses EMT in HT29 and Caco-2 Cells

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with substantial mortality and morbidity. Alisertib (ALS) is a selective Aurora kinase A (AURKA) inhibitor with unclear effect and molecular interactome on CRC. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular interactome and anticancer effect of ALS and explore the underlying mechanisms in HT29 and Caco-2 cells. ALS markedly arrested cells in G₂/M phase in both cell lines, accompanied by remarkable alterations in the expression level of key cell cycle regulators. ALS induced apoptosis in HT29 and Caco-2 cells through mitochondrial and death receptor pathways. ALS also induced autophagy in HT29 and Caco-2 cells, with the suppression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), but activation of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways. There was a differential modulating effect of ALS on p38 MAPK signaling pathway in both cell lines. Moreover, induction or inhibition of autophagy modulated basal and ALS-induced apoptosis in both cell lines. ALS potently suppressed epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HT29 and Caco-2 cells. Collectively, it suggests that induction of cell cycle arrest, promotion of apoptosis and autophagy, and suppression of EMT involving mitochondrial, death receptor, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, p38 MAPK, and AMPK signaling pathways contribute to the cancer cell killing effect of ALS on CRC cells.     

石墨烯镀层辅助快速热循环注射成型方法的研究

提出了一种以石墨烯纳米镀层辅助实现快速热循环注射成型的新方法,采用化学气相沉积工艺在模具型腔表面制备连续且致密的化学键合石墨烯镀层,仅需低压电源驱动就能将型腔表面温度迅速提升至聚合物材料玻璃化转变温度（Tg）之上并进行实时调控,型腔表面温度分布均匀且具有较高的降温速率,可满足注射成型快变模温调控的要求。结果表明,利用石墨烯镀层快速热循环注射成型方法可有效改善注射成型熔体流动行为,明显消除制品的熔接痕。     

Improved properties of scandia and yttria co-doped zirconia as a potential thermal barrier material for high temperature applications

Due to the limited temperature capability of current YSZ thermal barrier coating (TBC) material, considerable effort has been expended world-wide to research new candidates for TBC applications above 1200?°C. Our study suggested that Sc₂O₃ and Y₂O₃ co-doped ZrO₂ (ScYSZ) had excellent t’ phase stability even after annealed at 1500?°C for 336?h. The thermal expansion coefficient of ScYSZ was comparable to the value of YSZ. The thermal conductivity of fully dense ScYSZ was in the range of 2.13–1.91?W?m^?1?K^?1 (25–1300?°C), approximately 25% lower than that of YSZ. Although the fracture toughness of dense ScYSZ was slightly lower than YSZ, an evident decline in elastic modulus was found. Additionally, thermal cycling lifetime of plasma sprayed ScYSZ coating (914 cycles) at 1300?°C was about 2.6 times longer than its YSZ counterpart. The superior comprehensive properties confirm that ScYSZ is a prospective candidate material for high-temperature TBC application.     

Solution‐reprocessable microporous polymeric adsorbents for carbon dioxide capture

Solution‐processable microporous polymers are promising materials for CO₂ capture because of their low synthetic cost and high processability. In this work, we for the first time systematically evaluate the feasibility of two microporous polymers, namely PIM‐1 and its hydrolyzed form hPIM‐1, as adsorbent materials for postcombustion CO₂ capture. By conducting ternary CO₂/N₂/H₂O breakthrough experiments, PIM‐1 demonstrates several promising features: moderate CO₂ working capacity, low water vapor uptake capacity, good moisture resistance, and easy regeneration process. In addition, we have pioneeringly studied the multiple‐cycle CO₂ adsorption–desorption induced relaxation effect on soft PIM‐1 polymers. Through a simple dissolution–precipitation approach, PIM‐1 can restore its BET surface area, CO₂ uptake capacity, and pore‐size distribution. The solution reprocessability of PIM‐1 demonstrated in this study distinguishes it from other rigid adsorbents and thus offers a new insight for the future design of economically‐viable and facilely regenerable adsorbents. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3376–3389, 2018     

快淬Zr0.9T i0.1(N i,Co,Mn,V)2.1贮氢合金的结构与性能

对比了熔体快淬合金和常规熔铸合金Zr0.9Ti0.1(Ni,Co,Mn,V)2.1的微结构和电化学性能. XRD分析表明: 熔体快淬合金在退火前后的晶体结构与铸态合金一样,都为面心立方结构,由Laves C15主相组成;随快淬速度的增加,快淬合金中的非晶成份增多. 电化学测试表明:快淬合金有较好的活化性能,经6~8次循环即可完全活化,但其最大放电容量较低,小于270 mAh/g;而退火后的快淬合金需经30次循环才能完全活化,其最大放电容量皆为340 mAh/g左右,高于铸态合金和退火前的快淬合金;在电流密度为300 mA/g下充放电循环,发现退火后的快淬合金循环稳定性明显高于铸态合金电极,并且随快淬速度增加,循环稳定性越好.     

生命周期投资估算方法及其在化工工程项目中的应用

介绍了生命周期投资的概念及其估算方法,提出将生命周期投资分为静态投资和动态投资,并对静态投资费用（包括初始购置费用和初始安装费用）和动态投资费用（包括设备操作费和维护维修费、生产损失费、报废设备或无用设备的处置费）进行了详细的分析。用生命周期投资估算方法对一实例进行估算,验证了生命周期投资估算方法用于估算和优化工程项目投资,寻求最优投资方案是可行的,并且是符合实际的。