反离子对部分电荷中和的聚乙烯亚胺接枝介质的蛋白质色谱行为的影响

前期研究表明部分电荷中和的聚乙烯亚胺接枝琼脂糖介质FF-PEI-R440具有较高静态吸附容量和快速传质速率。本文选取硫氰酸根离子、氯离子、磷酸氢根离子以及硫酸根离子这4种反离子,在离子强度为0.03、0.06 mol·L^-1下,研究其对FF-PEI-R440吸附与洗脱行为的影响。结果表明：在两种离子强度下,饱和吸附容量的增加顺序均为SCN^- < SO₄^2- < HPO₄^2- < Cl^-;在低离子强度下,除SCN^-外,反离子种类对传质速率和动态结合容量没有显著影响;在高离子强度下,传质速率的增加顺序为SCN^- < SO₄^2- ≈ Cl^- < HPO₄^2-,而动态结合容量的增加顺序与饱和吸附容量序列一致;两种离子强度下Cl^-均保持最高的动态结合容量;反离子种类对蛋白质洗脱行为没有显著影响。上述结果说明反离子主要影响FF-PEI-R440的吸附性能,而不影响洗脱,且流动相中选择Cl^-为反离子最利于FF-PEI-R440的实际柱色谱操作。     

薄壁钢管矿渣混凝土短柱的轴压性能试验研究

通过12根内置大尺度矿渣的薄壁钢管矿渣混凝土短柱的轴压试验,以核心混凝土强度、截面含钢率、矿渣块体取代率为变化参数,分析了新型短柱的破坏模式、荷载-位移关系,同时探讨了三种因素对新型短柱轴压承载力的影响程度.结果表明:全部试件均发生了剪切破坏,且试件都具有较高的轴压承载力和后期变形的能力;核心矿渣混凝土强度等级对新型短柱轴压承载力的影响程度最大,其次是含钢率,影响能力最小的是矿渣块体取代率.研究成果说明薄壁钢管矿渣混凝土短柱在承载力、延性方面有较多的优越性,有进一步研究和推广应用的价值.     

我公司熟料系统优化提产措施

山东东华水泥有限公司有两条5000t/d耗、电耗较高,熟料的后期强度也不理想。为此,我公司全面了解行业动态,及时调整发展思路,积极推进生产线提产增效技术改造,有效提升熟料线产能,两条线熟料产量均达到6100t/d以上,经济运行指标得到显著提升。     

GA-g-PAA/ST复合水凝胶的合成与表征

以阿拉伯胶(GA)、丙烯酸(AA)、海泡石黏土(ST)为原料,采用微波辐射法,通过接枝共聚合成了GA-g-PAA/ST复合水凝胶,利用FTIR、XRD和SEM表征了水凝胶的结构和形貌,用TG分析了水凝胶的热稳定性能,同时探讨了水凝胶在不同价态阳离子盐溶液的溶胀行为和保水性能。结果显示:GA、ST和AA发生了接枝共聚反应,共聚物插层到ST的层间,形成剥离型均匀的三维网络复合高吸水性水凝胶。当盐溶液浓度为20 mmol/L时,水凝胶在NaCl、BaCl_2、AlCl_3溶液中的吸水倍率分别为112、38和29 g/g。表面活性剂溶液浓度为20 mmol/L时,水凝胶在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)溶液的吸水倍率分别为135和105 g/g。水凝胶在NaCl和BaCl_2溶液经过3次溶胀-去溶胀循环后,其吸水倍率分别为80和12 g/g,表明水凝胶在NaCl和BaCl_2盐溶液中具有较强的盐响应性能和良好的可逆行为,水凝胶具有较好的热稳定性和保水性能。     

铅酸电池管式正极添加四碱式硫酸铅晶种的研究

在铅酸电池正极铅粉中加入一定量的四碱式硫酸铅（4BS）,按照工业化的操作工艺,制备出原料中4BS含量不同的正极板,并与常规负极板组装成小电池。对正极的初始容量和循环寿命等电化学性能做了测试,结果表明,在添加粒径为1.5 μm的4BS质量分数达1%时,65 ℃固化后,正极初始容量和循环寿命分别为未加4BS正极的1.02倍和1.06倍,4BS的加入提升了电池容量和电池寿命等的综合性能;XRD结果显示,原料中加4BS的正极中β-PbO₂含量稍高于未加4BS的正极;SEM结果显示,加4BS的正极活性物质更细小,大小更均匀。     

Designing amino-based ionic liquids for improved carbon capture: One amine binds two CO2

Generally, amine group captures CO₂ according to 2:1 or 1:1 stoichiometry. Here, we report a kind of improved carbon capture using amino-functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) through 1:2 stoichiometry. A serial of amino-functionalized ILs various with basicity and steric hindrance of anion were designed, prepared, and applied in CO₂ capture. Through a combination of absorption experiment, quantum chemical calculation, spectroscopic investigation and calorimetric method, the results indicated that one amine group could bind two CO₂ through proton transfer (PT) process and intramolecular hydrogen bond formation, which leading to enhanced capacity that breaks through equimolar. The basicity and steric hindrance of anion play a significant role in promoting amine group to capture two CO₂. [P₆₆₆₁₄]₂[Asp] with dual anion was further designed and synthesized to promote PT process, which showed high capacity of 1.96 mol/mol IL at 30°C and 1 atm as well as excellent reversibility. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 230–238, 2019     

Primary Metabolites and Polyphenols in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars in China

Defatted meals of 10 rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties were investigated for their total phenolic, phenolic acid (free, esterified, and insoluble-bound forms), and tannin contents. The antioxidant capacities (AC) of methanol extracts from samples were assessed using the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), Folin–Ciocalteu method and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and β-carotene–linoleic acid tests. In the fraction of free phenolic acids, sinapic, caffeic, ferulic, syringic, gallic, and p-coumaric acids were identified. In the fraction of esterified phenolic acids, sinapine, sinapoyl glucoside, and disinapoyl gentiobiose were identified. After basic hydrolysis, sinapic, ferulic, cinnamic, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids were identified, and sinapic acid (SA) constituted 98.3% to 99.6% of the total esterified phenolic acids. Eleven components (sinapic, protocatechuic, p-coumaric, syringic, vanillic, gallic, caffeic, ferulic, salicylic, cinnamic, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids) in the fraction of insoluble-bound phenolic acids were identified. The AC of the samples correlated with the total phenolic content. Overall, the total phenolics showed a better correlation with AC than the individual phenolic compounds. Moreover, SA, sinapoyl glucoside, and disinapoyl gentiobiose showed a highly significant and strong positive correlation with the AC of rapeseed meals, and the derivatives of cinnamic acid showed a higher correlation with AC than the derivatives of benzoic acid. The change in the canolol content in rapeseeds under microwave irradiation is discussed. The correlation of the canolol formed with SA and its derivatives is discussed.     

Physicochemical,Antioxidative, and Sensory Properties of Refined Rapeseed Oils

Physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity (AC), and sensory quality of rapeseed oils available on the Polish market were analyzed and compared. The fatty acid composition (saturated fatty acids = 6.91–7.58%, monounsaturated fatty acids = 64.14–66.14%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids = 27.22–30.17%), color (T420 = 54.5–83.8%), amounts of free fatty acids (0.02–0.07%), primary (PV = 0.04–2.04 meq O₂ kg⁻¹) and secondary (AV = 1.02–3.21) oxidation products, phosphorus (0.38–1.62 mg kg⁻¹), chlorophyll (0.002–0.068 mg kg⁻¹), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Σ4PAH = 0.00–2.50 μg kg⁻¹) in the commercial rapeseed oils meet the requirements of the European Food Regulation and Codex Alimentarius standards. Moreover, total phenolic content (TPC = 40.3–467.9 mg SA kg⁻¹) in the studied oils significantly differs from each other. However, the AC of rapeseed oils was analyzed using the novel iron oxide nanoparticle-based (IONP = 5552.1 − 18,510.2 μmol TE/100 g) method and the modified ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP = 55.7–280.3 μmol TE/100 g), cupric reducing AC (CUPRAC = 79.6–784.0 μmol TE/100 g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH = 185.7–516.7 μmol TE/100 g), and 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS = 465.6–2142.6 μmol TE/100 g) assays. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were applied for discrimination of the refined rapeseed oils based on fatty acid composition, physicochemical parameters, AC, and sensory properties.     

亚临界和超临界压力下液态正癸烷比定压热容实验研究

为了准确测量液态正癸烷的比定压热容,采用流动型绝热量热法,搭建了一套适用于亚临界和超临界压力下的流体比定压热容测量系统。对温度为311~570 K、压力为0.12~6.02 MPa的正癸烷比定压热容进行测量,结果表明比定压热容随温度的升高而增加,但压力对正癸烷的比定压热容影响较小,并将实验值与文献值进行对比,结果表明两者的最大相对偏差在5.0%以内,平均相对偏差在1.39%以内。将实验值与Guseinov模型和Garg模型两种经验模型进行对比,并在两种经验模型的基础上,提出改进后的比定压热容模型。改进后的模型精度较高,其最大绝对偏差为1.32%,平均相对偏差为0.53%,可为其他碳氢燃料的比定压热容的推算提供基础和参考依据。     

基于TRIZ理论的新型超越离合器设计分析

为了解决双涡轮液力变矩器中超越离合器可靠性低、使用寿命短的问题,运用TRIZ理论S曲线分析得到超越离合器的改进方向,并据此设计了一种新型超越离合器.该新型超越离合器采用低副动力传递原理,依靠滚珠与滑槽之间的正压力来实现动力传递.对其在不同运行状态下的受力情况进行了理论分析,分析结果验证了该超越离合器的强度符合设计要求,为此超越离合器投入生产提供了理论依据.