陆海统筹背景下唐山市资源环境承载力综合评价

十八大以来,海洋产业在沿海地区发展中的作用日益显现,唐山市是一个非典型的沿海城市,海洋开发空间大,在陆海统筹背景下评价资源环境承载力对唐山市陆海统筹发展意义重大。本文以陆海统筹为背景,从资源、环境、社会经济三个角度构建唐山市资源环境承载力指标体系,利用层次分析法确定指标权重,定性、定量地评价唐山市及其沿海区县资源环境承载力。结果表明:2005～2016年唐山市资源环境承载力得分呈上升趋势,2016年得分75分约是2005年的2.6倍,得分年均增速达9.1%;5个沿海区县中,滦南县的承载力状况较优。根据评价结果,提出优化产业结构及提升海洋经济活力、打造沿海城市形象等建议,提升陆海统筹背景下唐山市资源环境承载力。     

Physicochemical characteristics,antioxidant capacity and thermodynamic properties of purple-fleshed potatos dried by radio frequency energy

Abstract

The impacts of using radio frequency (RF) energy to dry purple-fleshed potatoes were investigated and compared to infrared radiation (IR) and microwave (MW) drying techniques. The gelatinization rate, color, flavor, morphological, and structural characteristics, thermodynamic properties, as well as antioxidant capacity were examined. The results indicated that the drying time of RF (70?min) and MW (21?min) were shorter than IR (105?min). The gelatinization ratio of MW, RF, and IR were 94.4?±?2.0, 88.3?±?1.4, and 64.5?±?1.1%, respectively. The degree of crystallization of purple-fleshed potato powder decreased with all three drying methods. RF-dried potatoes were able to retain higher polyphenols (loss rate: 4.3%), total anthocyanin (3.7%), and total flavonoid content (35.1%), whereas IR showed the lowest retention. The content of polyphenols also decreased significantly. Furthermore, after RF heating, the scavenging of free radicals was higher compared to MW and IR.     

Low temperature heat capacity measurements of β-Si3N4 and γ-Si3N4: Determination of the equilibrium phase boundary between β-Si3N4 and γ-Si3N4

Isobaric heat capacities of β-Si₃N₄ and γ-Si₃N₄ were measured at temperatures between 1.8 and 309.9 K with a thermal relaxation method. The measured heat capacities of γ-Si₃N₄ are smaller than those of β-Si₃N₄ in this temperature range. Using these data, we determined the standard entropies of β-Si₃N₄ and γ-Si₃N₄ to be 62.30 J·mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ and 51.79 J·mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively. The equilibrium phase boundary between β-Si₃N₄ and γ-Si₃N₄ was calculated using these values and thermodynamic parameters reported in previous studies. The obtained equilibrium phase transition pressure at 2000 K is 11.4 GPa. It is lower than the experimental pressures at which γ-Si₃N₄ was synthesized in previous studies. The calculated Clapeyron slope at this temperature is 0.6 MPa K⁻¹, which is consistent with those of theoretical studies.     

辊磨磨盘转速对粉磨能力的影响

基于变频调速直驱电机,研究了不同辊磨磨盘转速对辊磨产量的影响,试验结果显示,磨盘转速调节对水泥厂产量提升和降低能耗有较大助力。     

乙炔发生發发气能力不足的原因及对策

分析了乙炔发生器发气能力低的原因,对发生器温度、发生器压力及发生器耙齿等方面进行了改进,提高了发气量。     

不同粒径改性粉煤灰对磷酸根吸附性能的影响

废水排放过量的磷导致水体污染日益严重,将粉煤灰通过化学改性制备成了水化硅酸钙吸附剂,研究了改性吸附剂对磷酸根的吸附效果。利用XRD, SEM及BET比表面积等手段对粒度分级前后的吸附剂进行表征,研究不同粒级吸附剂对磷酸根的吸附性能,并考察其吸附机理。结果表明,不同粒级的吸附剂其化学成分出现了明显的偏析现象,孔隙结构也差异显著。相比其他粒径下的吸附剂颗粒,颗粒粒径在50?75 μm时,吸附剂中钙和硅含量较多,铝、铁和镁含量较低,水化硅酸钙组分含量最高,且伴有含铝的托贝莫来石晶体出现,钙离子的增加使其可以与更多的磷酸根结合形成沉淀。同时此粒径下具有较高的比表面积及孔隙度,疏松多孔的结构为钙离子提供更多活性位点。当使用粒径在50?75 μm的吸附剂吸附磷酸根时,磷的饱和吸附量可达到17.1 mg/g,比未分级的吸附剂高19.58%。     

日本三菱材料公司水泥窑协同处置废物现状及探讨

通过详细分析日本三菱材料公司下属水泥工厂获得的废物处置许可证的种类、处置废物的范围、处置能力、处置业绩、污染物排放以及实际生产过程中的安全措施和社区互动,为国内水泥窑协同处置废物企业提供生产和管理参考.     

Influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity,rheological properties,and antioxidant activity of feruloylated arabinoxylans from different sources

Feruloylated arabinoxylans (FAX) are gelling polysaccharides presenting antioxidant activity (AC) and potential application as delivery systems. The influence of carboxymethylation on the gelling capacity, rheological properties, and AC of FAX from wheat flour (FAX1) and maize distillers grains (FAX2) was analyzed. The degree of substitution of carboxymethyl groups was 0.27 and 1.77 for carboxymethylated FAX1 (CFAX1) and FAX2 (CFAX2), which presented a change in M _n from 446 to 362 kDa and from 120 to 180 kDa, and a loss in FA content from 1.05 to traces and from 10.13 to 0.12, respectively, after carboxymethylation. G′ value at the end of rheological tests for FAX1 (71 Pa) and FAX2 (726 Pa) was higher than the corresponding G″ value. In contrast, G″ value for CFAX1 (0.35 Pa) and CFAX2 (0.03 Pa) was higher than the respective G′ value, indicating that they do no form gels. The AC increased in CFAX1 in relation to FAX1 from 4.49 to 8.30 mmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) kg⁻¹, respectively, while it decreased in CFAX2 with regard to FAX2 from 11.31 to 9.43 mmol TEAC kg⁻¹, respectively. Carboxymethylation could be a path to design FAX derivatives offering alternative potential applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48325.     

包硅改性纳米碳酸钙应用于高温CO2吸附的性能

引言 二氧化碳吸附强化制氢(SERP)的原理是将甲烷水蒸气重整反应过程产生的CO2用吸附剂脱除,从而打破化学反应平衡,降低反应平衡常数,使反应温度由800～1000℃降低至500℃左右,使制氢反应条件更温和、能耗更低.该技术的工业可行性研究的关键是甲烷水蒸气重整反应过程中采用的高温CO2的吸附剂的性能研究[1].     

钙基CO2吸收剂的循环特性

对钙基CO₂吸收剂的循环特性进行了实验研究,考察了煅烧温度和碳酸化（吸收）温度对吸收剂最大转化率的影响,比较了常压煅烧-碳酸化（CC）过程和煅烧-水合-碳酸化（CHC）过程中吸收剂的最大吸收能力,并就添加剂对吸收剂循环性能的影响进行了实验研究.结果表明,随着循环次数的增加,吸收剂的吸收能力明显下降,未经处理的吸收剂,循环10次后,其吸收能力基本都下降到20％左右;温和的煅烧温度和较高的吸收温度下,吸收剂的最大转化率比较高;CC过程中吸收剂的最大转化率明显低于CHC过程;添加了氯化钠和碳酸钠的吸收剂的吸收能力急剧下降,但循环性能稳定;多次循环后对吸收剂进行再活化,可使其活性恢复到初始的95％.