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41.
In long-term memory, negative information is better remembered than neutral information. Differences in processes important to working memory may contribute to this emotional memory enhancement. To examine the effect that the emotional content of stimuli has on working memory performance, the authors asked participants to perform working memory tasks with negative and neutral stimuli. Task accuracy was unaffected by the emotional content of the stimuli. Reaction times also did not differ for negative relative to neutral words, but on an n-back task using faces, participants were slower to respond to fearful faces than to neutral faces. These results suggest that although emotional content does not have a robust effect on working memory, in some instances emotional salience can impede working memory performance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
42.
Learning and memory of novel spatial configurations aids behaviors such as visual search through an implicit process called contextual cuing (M. M. Chun & Y. Jiang, 1998). The present study provides rigorous tests of the implicit nature of contextual cuing. Experiment 1 used a recognition test that closely matched the learning task, confirming that memory traces of predictive spatial context were not accessible to conscious retrieval. Experiment 2 gave explicit instructions to encode visual context during learning, but learning was not improved and conscious memory remained undetectable. Experiment 3 illustrates that memory traces for spatial context may persist for at least 1 week, suggesting a long-term component of contextual cuing. These experiments indicate that the learning and memory of spatial context in the contextual cuing task are indeed implicit. The results have implications for understanding the neural substrate of spatial contextual learning, which may depend on an intact medial temporal lobe system that includes the hippocampus (M. M. Chun & E. A. Phelps, 1999). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
43.
Previous research yielded inconsistent results regarding the memory organization of self-performed actions. The authors propose that task performance changes the very basis of memory organization. Enactment during study and test (Experiment 1) yielded stronger enactive clustering (based on motor-movement similarities), whereas verbal encoding yielded stronger conceptual clustering (based on semantic-episodic similarities). Enactment enhanced memory quantity and memory accuracy. Both measures increased with enactive clustering under self-performance instructions but with conceptual clustering under verbal instructions. Enactment only during study (Experiment 2) or only during testing (Experiment 3) also enhanced enactive clustering. It is proposed that different conditions affect the relative salience of different types of memory organization and their relative contribution to recall. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
44.
In a change detection paradigm, a target object in a natural scene either rotated in depth, was replaced by another object token, or remained the same. Change detection performance was reliably higher when a target postcue allowed participants to restrict retrieval and comparison processes to the target object (Experiment 1). Change detection performance remained excellent when the target object was not attended at change (Experiment 2) and when a concurrent verbal working memory load minimized the possibility of verbal encoding. (Experiment 3). Together, these data demonstrate that visual representations accumulate in memory from attended objects as the eyes and attention are oriented within a scene and that change blindness derives, at least in part, from retrieval and comparison failure. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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46.
面向智能计算的记忆结构理论综述 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文从智能计算角度出发,对记忆的总体结构、信息表征及记忆模型等方面的理论作一综述。并在分析、比较了这些理论与AI中的相关理论差异的基础上,对面向智能计算的记忆理论研究方法与方向作了扼要讨论。 相似文献
47.
本文介绍了用筛前神经和下鼻甲激光切割术治疗29例过敏性鼻炎病人,有效率为97%。随访6个月至2年,除2例于术后6个月复发外,余者均未复发。实践表明这一手术优于翼管神经手术,优点是:1、解剖标志清楚;2、手术操作简便且易于掌握;3、并发症少而不严重。本文对这一手术的方法,术后处置和疗效进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Flash存储器技术与应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
吴东坡 《微电子学与计算机》1998,15(6):55-56
本文主要介绍了Flash存储器的特性及其存储技术,并探讨了Flash存储器的应用领域。 相似文献
50.
大泵站超驼峰水位运行压缩空气断流系统的设计方法 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
阐述了压缩空气断流的原理,提出了压缩空气断流装置的一般构成和设计方法,首次应用气体喷射器作为压缩空气减压增量变换器,不但及时地增加了补气量,防止断流后流道压力的下降,而且大大减小了储气罐容积,使该项技术得以满足工程实际的要求,为同类泵站的技术改造 相似文献