A variational method for contour tracking via covariance matching

This paper presents a novel formulation for contour tracking.We model the second-order statistics of image regions and perform covariance matching under the variational level set framework.Specifically,covariance matrix is adopted as a visual object representation for partial differential equation(PDE) based contour tracking.Log-Euclidean calculus is used as a covariance distance metric instead of Euclidean distance which is unsuitable for measuring the similarities between covariance matrices,because the matrices typically lie on a non-Euclidean manifold.A novel image energy functional is formulated by minimizing the distance metric between the candidate object region and a given template,and maximizing the one between the background region and the template.The corresponding gradient flow is then derived according to a variational approach,enabling partial differential equations(PDEs) based contour tracking.Experiments on several challenging sequences prove the validity of the proposed method.     

P2P网络中的超级节点选取算法研究

P2P系统在构建覆盖网络时未考虑到与物理网络的结合,导致逻辑拓扑结构与物理拓扑结构严重不匹配问题,增加P2P相邻节点间的延迟。本文提出一种基于区域划分的超级节点选取机制,将P2P网络中的节点按照物理位置划分成若干区域,保证区域内节点在物理位置上是相近的。利用MATLAB进行仿真实验,仿真实验表明使用这种机制能降低半分布式P2P网络的信息检索延迟,有效地提高检索的效率,并且具有较好的可扩展性。     

反倾岩质边坡弯曲倾倒-剪切滑移破坏分析方法研究

目前反倾岩质边坡弯曲倾倒破坏分析方法仍以基于极限平衡理论的悬臂梁模型为主,但大多未考虑坡脚岩层的剪切破坏。为准确评价该类边坡的稳定性,建立考虑坡脚岩层剪切破坏的分析计算方法。首先,根据岩层变形破坏特征,将边坡分为后缘稳定区、中部弯曲倾倒区和前缘剪切区3个区域;其次,建立弯曲倾倒-剪切滑移破坏模式的稳定性分析方法;最后,通过工程实例验证,并进行参数分析。研究结果表明:提出的分析方法与工程实际符合性较好;边坡在倾角较陡、坡角较大时稳定性最差,坡角对边坡稳定性影响大于岩层倾角的影响;岩层厚度及层面内摩擦角增加有利于边坡稳定性,且会扩大坡脚剪切区范围。研究成果对反倾岩质边坡破坏的防治具有实践指导意义。     

岩石高边坡稳定性并行计算及其应用

在高地震烈度区的岩石高边坡抗震安全评价需要大规模数值计算,而现有商业软件无法有效解决这类复杂的工程问题,因此,本文开发了解决岩石高边坡接触稳定性问题的对等架构并行计算程序,并应用于泰山公司抽水蓄能电站上水库左岸边坡的静力和动力稳定性评价。在数值建模过程中,将岩石边坡滑块体、地质结构面、库水作用以及近场地基作为岩石高边坡动力接触系统。在稳定性安全评价中结合了有限元法、极限平衡法和接触算法,考虑影响高边坡稳定性的多种复杂因素,通过计算特定滑动面的安全系数或安全系数时程,基于现行水电工程水工建筑物抗震设计规范,完成了岩石高边坡稳定性评价,回避了求解复杂岩体材料非线性的问题。计算结果显示,所开发的程序具有较高的并行计算效率,对解决复杂岩石高边坡稳定问题具有显著的优势。     

基于超声波的围岩松动圈实时监测系统设计

实时地掌握围岩松动圈的范围对矿藏的安全生产具有重要的意义。利用超声波探测的灵活性和准确性,本文提出了一种基于超声波的围岩松动圈监测系统设计方法。此方案利用超声波在岩体中的传播速度与岩体的受力状态和裂隙程度的关系来实时地监测围岩松动圈的情况,具有方便、灵活、易于操作等特点。     

降膜蒸发过程的数值模拟和传热传质分析

利用CFD软件对逆流降膜蒸发过程进行了实验模拟研究,研究了速度边界层、热边界层和浓度边界层的变化对降膜蒸发传热传质特性的影响规律;通过建立一维逆流降膜蒸发的数学方程编程求解出了对流传热传质的Nu数和Sh数,利用Fluent软件模拟出的实验结果采用回归分析得出了气液流量比Raw、流道的长宽比αL、空气进口无量纲温度θai以及空气进口Re数与Nu数、Sh数之间的无量纲关系式,可为降膜蒸发换热器的设计提供参考。     

Toward A Mechanistic Understanding of Re-Infiltration in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs with Surfactant-Aided Gravity Drainage Process

Surfactant-aided gravity drainage is an improved oil recovery technique for water-invaded zone in fractured carbonate reservoirs, which are mostly oil-wet or mixed-wet rocks. The re-infiltration mechanism in water-invaded zone has a considerable effect on oil vertical movement in gravity drainage processes. In this work, a mechanistic understanding of re-infiltration in surfactant-aided gravity drainage, in comparison to oil–water gravity drainage is presented using an experimentally and numerically validated model. A column model is constructed from three matrix blocks. These blocks are separated from each other by horizontal fractures. A storage tank is considered on top of the model to store depleted oil from matrix blocks. The stacked-blocks model for re-infiltration is validated and verified to simulate water and chemical flooding using a mesh independency study and experimental flooding data in a composite core experiment. Using this model, several analyses are performed to investigate effects of rock and fluid properties, rock saturation functions, wettability alteration, surfactant adsorption, and capillary continuity on re-infiltration.     

GRAIN SHAPE EFFECT IN SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION

The method controlling grain shape in TMT processing and the effect of grain shape on char-acteristic parameters in superplastic deformation were discussed.The accommodation velocityof grahl boundary sliding,which is the dominant mechanism in superplastic deformation,andthe contribution of each mechanism to the total strain,as influenced by grain shape,were ana-lyzed.Grain shape has been shown to be an essential structural factor for superplasticity.Thenan analysis was made about the effect of grain shape on the region transition strain rate sothat a new concept,critical aspect for superplasticity,was worked out.These predictions werecompared with the measured results in an Al-Zn-Mg alloy.     

填隙Ti2Ni相形成条件的模式识别分析

在多维键参数空间中对填隙Ti_2Ni相化合物的形成条件做模式识别分析,由于前过渡金属原子组成的八面体空穴中填入C,N.O原子使Ti_2Ni结构稳定化,此结构的分布区扩大,邻近的Al_2Cu,MoSi_2结构分布区减小。     

关于贝氏体形核和台阶机制的讨论--与徐祖耀院士等商榷

一些合金固溶化(或淬水)后在预贝氏体(孕育)期内等温淬火(或时效)，既保持高温时形成的晶体缺陷，又产生新的晶体缺陷。母相中由于溶质原子扩散而在缺陷处发生偏聚，则形成贫／富溶质微区，即类拐点(spinoclal—like)分解。当贫溶质微区成分作为Ms，其温度等于或高于等温淬火(或时效)温度时，贝氏体将以马氏体样切变形核，故贝氏体是在溶质原子扩散控制下切变形核。在TEM温台试验中未发现台阶生长机制，界面上巨型台阶是贝氏体增宽(厚)速度差异所致。