Groundwater impact of open cut coal mine and an assessment methodology: A case study in NSW

Large scale open cut coal mining operations have significant impacts to groundwater in surrounding areas in both active and post-mining phases. The prediction of water inflows into a surface mine excavation is one of the many components involved in mine design phase. Groundwater performance also reacts to mining activities from the operational, economic and safety implications perspective. Under NSW planning legislation, as part of the comprehensive risk assessment, a groundwater impact assessment has to be conducted for a coal project to predict and mitigate the impacts in consideration of the government requirements. In this paper, the groundwater assessment modelling of mine pits was discussed in predicting of groundwater inflows and reviewing analytical and numerical approaches. A methodology of groundwater impact assessment for an open cut mine in NSW with a three-dimensional groundwater flow model Modflow Surfact demonstrated its functions in simulating the project's impacts on the groundwater regime. The key findings with mitigations are discussed and recommended in the paper to reduce impacts on groundwater and fulfil regulation requirements in NSW.     

A comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall coal mines

Mine dust is one of the main hazards in underground longwall mines worldwide.In order to solve the mine dust problem,a significant number of studies have been carried out regarding longwall mine dust control,both in China and Australia.This paper presents a comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall mines,with particular references to statutory limits,dust monitoring methods and dust management practices,followed by a brief discussion on the research status of longwall mine dust control in both countries.The study shows that water infusion,face ventilation controls,water sprays,and deep and wet cutting in longwall shearer operations are commonly practiced in almost all underground longwall mines and that both Chinese and Australian longwall mine dust control practices have their own advantages and disadvantages.It is concluded that there is a need for further development and innovative design of more effective dust mitigation products or systems despite the development of various dust control technologies.Based on the examinations and discussions,the authors have made some recommendations for further research and development in dust control in longwall mines.It is hoped that this comparative study will provide beneficial guidance for scholars and engineers who are engaging in longwall mine dust control research and practice.     

面向矿井突水避险的双向搜索多最优路径算法

为节省煤矿水灾状况下的逃生时间,提高应急救援效率,在传统的Dijkstra算法基础上提出一种基于双向搜索的K则最短路径算法.首先综合考虑煤矿特殊巷道分布,提出井巷长度当量权值,然后利用灰色理论模型预测特定时间段内每条巷道的人流量,进而根据人流量对行走速度的影响关系式得到每条巷道的通行时间值,最终通过双方搜索策略改进算法,实现事故点到逃生井口的多条最佳逃生路线.根据井下巷道拓扑结构提取构建一个无向带权网络图,在MATLAB环境下利用上述优化算法进行仿真验证.结果显示,该改进算法具有更好的准确率和实用性.     

铝硅比对白云鄂博铁精矿烧结液相流动性的影响

运用红外线微型烧结法对白云鄂博铁精矿烧结液相流动特性进行研究。通过在烧结原料中添加纯化学试剂研究不同Al2O3与SiO2含量之比对烧结液相流动性的影响。结果表明,Al2O3含量的增加虽然促进了烧结液相量的增多,但同时提高了液相的粘度,随着铝硅比的增加烧结试样的液相流动性降低。通过对试样气孔大小的对比,揭示了烧结过程中气孔形成与烧结矿液相流动特性的关系,粘度是控制气孔形成的重要因素。气孔的形成过程伴随着液相在气孔壁上的物理化学反应,气孔直径减小使烧结试样液相流动性变差。     

白龙山煤矿一井防突和瓦斯治理工程方案研究

白龙山煤矿一井为国家核准和设计批复在建的大型矿井,按煤与瓦斯突出矿井设计,在建设期间,发生多次煤与瓦斯突出事故。为更有效地预防建设期间的煤与瓦斯突出事故发生,通过事故分析,提出以调整开拓采掘系统部署为基础,系统改善矿井建设安全条件,以强化瓦斯抽采为根本,依托成熟先进的装备和技术,研究和制定适合煤矿赋存条件的防突和瓦斯治理工程方案。     

煤炭紧缺型人才培养模式的探索与实践

为了解决矿井建设类专业出现的学校招生难和企业人才招聘难的"双招难"问题,缓解企业专业人才的紧缺现状,通过江苏建筑职业技术学院和中煤建设集团的共同努力,组建了中煤建设学院,深入挖掘学校和企业的教育资源优势,在校企联合招生、共同开发人才培养方案、共同组织实施理论与实践教学、共同培养职业素质以及联合引导就业等方面进行了大量的有益探索,为煤炭紧缺人才培养提供借鉴.     

北京地区浅层采空区高密度电法探测应用分析

高密度电法已广泛应用于煤层采空区探测之中,采空区充填性质的不同造成其在高密度电法数据剖面中的表现特征也不相同。本文主要介绍运用高密度电法进行浅层小煤窑采空区探测的一些经验和案例。采用高密度电法中的温纳装置对门头沟地区未充填、部分充填的小煤窑巷道和石景山区富水充填的小煤窑采空区的探测,取得了很好的效果。探测结果显示,未充填和部分充填的小煤窑巷道表现为高视电阻率异常,位置与测线周边发现的小煤窑窑口位置相对应。而富水充填的小煤窑采空区表现为低视电阻率异常,经钻探验证,采空区内充填有富含水的粉末状的煤灰,含坑木。需注意在山区进行高密度电法测试时,台阶状的地形对高密度电法测试的干扰影响较大,以温纳装置为例,测试数据在台阶地形处表现为高低阻相邻的八字形干扰,且电极距越小,干扰越明显。     

综合物探技术在煤矿巷道底板富水区勘探中的应用效果分析

徐州市西北地区山西组7;煤开采受底板L4灰岩影响,易发生底板突水事故,为了迅速达到疏水释压效果,需综合利用超高密度电法和矿井瞬变电磁法物探手段对某工作面巷道底板进行探测,圈定相对富水区,探测结果表明,超高密度电法在垂向上较好解释了巷道底板下L4灰岩界面起伏形态,瞬变电磁法在横向上较好解释了L4灰岩富水区,成果经排水孔验证,效果理想,达到探测目的.     

基于BP神经网络的模糊PID风量控制

针对煤矿主风机通风系统多变量、非线性、时变滞后性等问题,提出一种基于BP神经网络的模糊PID算法。该算法综合神经网络、模糊控制与PID调节的各自优点,既具有神经网络的自学习和自适应能力,又具有模糊控制的非线性控制作用,同时兼备PID调节的广泛性。仿真结果表明,该算法的响应速度、稳态精度均优于传统的PID调节,取得比较理想的控制效果。     

矿井突水水源判别方法与应用

对目前广泛使用的矿井突水水源判别方法进行了综合评述.从整体而言,除了水化学分析方法外,其他方法都是以一定理论为基础,或构造最优函数,根据判别目标达到最优时的状态进行水源识别;或构造适当的区间,根据一定的法则使判别目标进入不同的区间,进行水源识别.样本较多时采用BP神经网络法,样本较少时采用SVM法会取得更好得预测效果.针对研究区实际状况,选择基于MATLAB的BP神经网络法进行突水预测,准确率达到91.67%,训练样本的选择和数量对预测结果影响较大.