A multi-criterion interaction-oriented model with proportional rule for designing supply chain networks

Supply chain management has offered a way to improve the industrial environment becomes more competitive. While, the commonly seen methodologies may be effective in solving the production–distribution problem only from supplier- or customer-oriented consideration, those cannot present the interactive relationship between upstream and downstream enterprises. In the competitive semiconductor industry environment, considering the viewpoints of the supplier and consumer simultaneously is particularly required, because multiple manufacturing and demanding steps are performed at separate situations, concurrently. In this paper, we propose an interaction-oriented approach, which bases on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology and proportional rule, to solve the semiconductor distribution problem with multiple quantitative and qualitative criteria. The developed approach gives an expected satisfaction for the all participators of the whole chain while the cooperative information is shared perfectly and effectively. Analysis results demonstrate the proposed methodology is efficient and effective through a real world case study.     

From children's hands to adults' ears: Gesture's role in the learning process.

Children can express thoughts in gesture that they do not express in speech--they produce gesture-speech mismatches. Moreover, children who produce mismatches on a given task are particularly ready to learn that task. Gesture, then, is a tool that researchers can use to predict who will profit from instruction. But is gesture also useful to adults who must decide how to instruct a particular child? We asked 8 adults to instruct 38 third- and fourth-grade children individually in a math problem. We found that the adults offered more variable instruction to children who produced mismatches than to children who produced no mismatches--more different types of instructional strategies and more instructions that contained two different strategies, one in speech and the other in gesture. The children thus appeared to be shaping their own learning environments just by moving their hands. Gesture not only reflects a child's understanding but can play a role in eliciting input that could shape that understanding. As such, it may be part of the mechanism of cognitive change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

提高拉刀耐用度的挤压工艺

拉刀在刃磨过程中存在不易获得定值前角且会降低刀具硬度等问题，为此设计了拉刀前刀面挤压工艺．该工艺简便易行，一把拉刀可挤压5—8次，效益好。使用证明，经挤压加工后的拉刀加工的零件精度高，且拉刀的使用寿命可提高30%以上。     

Ergodicity of filtering process by vanishing discount approach

A new approach to study ergodicity of filtering processes is presented. It is based on the vanishing discount approach to discounted functional of filtering process. We show that limit superior of the Cesaro averages of the functionals is the same for all initial conditions from which the uniqueness of invariant measures of filtering processes follows. The approach is based on certain assumption for which we provide a sufficient condition using concavity arguments. In addition we show the existence of solutions to the Poisson equation corresponding to filtering process with concave functional. The assumptions are then extended to the controlled case and using similar concave arguments we obtain the existence of solutions to the Bellman equation corresponding to partially observed average cost per unit time problem.     

Parametric and nonparametric Bayesian model specification: A case study involving models for count data

In this paper we present the results of a simulation study to explore the ability of Bayesian parametric and nonparametric models to provide an adequate fit to count data of the type that would routinely be analyzed parametrically either through fixed-effects or random-effects Poisson models. The context of the study is a randomized controlled trial with two groups (treatment and control). Our nonparametric approach uses several modeling formulations based on Dirichlet process priors. We find that the nonparametric models are able to flexibly adapt to the data, to offer rich posterior inference, and to provide, in a variety of settings, more accurate predictive inference than parametric models.     

An integrated biodesulfurization process,including inoculum preparation,desulfurization and sulfate removal in a single step,for removing sulfur from oils

BACKGROUND: A single‐stage reactor, in which the growth of bacterial culture, induction of desulfurizing enzymes, and desulfurization reaction are carried out in a single step, was adopted to investigate desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) at high cell densities. Rhodococcus erythropolis, IGTS8 was used as the biocatalyst. Optimal conditions for bacterial growth and DBT desulfurization were investigated. RESULTS: Optimization of fermentation conditions was necessary to obtain high cell densities including controlling accumulation of acetate. Under optimal operating conditions, the maximum optical density at 600 nm (OD₆₀₀) was measured to be 26.6 at 118 h of cultivation. When biodesulfurization of DBT in model oil with a high cell density culture of IGTS8 was investigated, accumulation of sulfate was found to limit the extent of desulfurization. A sulfate removal step was added to obtain a single‐stage integrated biodesulfurization process. Sulfate removal was achieved via an aqueous bleed stream and use of a separation unit to recycle the organic phase. CONCLUSION: A proof of principle of a complete system capable of biocatalyst growth, induction, desulfurization and by‐product separation was demonstrated. This system enables simplification of the biodesulfurization process and has potential to lower the operating cost of the bioprocess. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Reward optimization of a repairable system

This paper analyzes a system subject to repairable and non-repairable failures. Non-repairable failures lead to replacement of the system. Repairable failures, first lead to repair but they lead to replacement after a fixed number of repairs. Operating and repair times follow phase type distributions (PH-distributions) and the pattern of the operating times is modelled by a geometric process. In this context, the problem is to find the optimal number of repairs, which maximizes the long-run average reward per unit time. To this end, the optimal number is determined and it is obtained by efficient numerical procedures.     

用热分析法研究硝化棉的熔化过程

用ＭＤＳＣ，显微镜温台熔点测定仪和固体原位反应池／快速扫描傅立叶变换红外光谱联用装置考察了硝化棉的熔化过程。ＭＤＳＣ曲线表明吸热过程是可逆的，它系由ＮＣ和部分分解凝聚相产物的混合物的固液相变所引起。由ＮＣ的ＭＤＳＣ曲线得到的熔点，熔化含，熔化熵，分解含和分解反应热温熵分别为４７６．８４Ｋ，２０５．６Ｊ．ｇ＾－１，０．４３１２Ｊ．ｇ＾－１．Ｋ＾－１，－２４７５．０Ｊ．ｇ＾－１，－５．２４２Ｊ．ｇ＾－     

抽油机球铁齿轮的化学成分及生产工艺

为提高抽油机减速器齿轮铸件的机械性能，提出以Sn代替Mo作为合金元素，并通过试验确定了合理的Si、Cu、Sn的加入量。指出Si加入量应控制在1．9％－2．1％范围内，同时加入0．36％～0．9％的Cu和0．025％～0．07％的Sn，可保证球铁的强度和延伸率都满足QT700－2的要求。鉴于试件与实际铸件的表面硬度有一定的差值，为提高铸件表面硬度，进行了余热正火试验，并给出了铸件在铸型内的时间－冷却温度曲线。最后根据球铁化学成分的选择结果，进行了齿轮生产试验。     

用COREX输出煤气生产直接还原铁

将Ｃｏｒｅｘ输出煤气用于直接还原铁（ＤＲＩ）的生产是该气体的最佳用途。该方案在技术上是可行的。其中ＣＯ２的脱除方法已成熟并有多种选择。据推断，煤气加热时不会产生严重析碳，所以不影响加热和还原。ＣＯ２脱除量大、产品碳含量高、还原速率下降及入口温度上升是还原工艺的主要特点。ＨＹＬⅢ工艺比Ｍｉｄｒｅｘ工艺更适于使用Ｃｏｒｅｘ输出煤气。用Ｃｏｒｅｘ输出煤气作还原气时能耗比使用天然气时高。