叶蜡石的矿物成分对合成金刚石的影响

通过对闽东矿区五种不同类型叶蜡石所做的化学分析及DTA、TG分析，计算出了其相应的矿物成分。将这几种叶蜡石分别制成传压介质进行了合成金刚石的实验并与北京门头沟叶蜡石作了比较，结果表明：(1)含有一定量石英(20％左右)的叶蜡石做传压介质有利于降低金刚石合成压力，提高金刚石质量；(2)结晶水含量较低的叶蜡石合成出的金刚石质量更好。作者对实验结果进行了分析并指出：在选择作为传压介质的叶蜡石时，不能只要求其硬度低、叶蜡石成分高，而应全面考虑其中所含矿物成分及其在高温高压下可能发生的变化。     

Mineral nutrition of slash pine in subtropical Australia. II. foliar nutrient response to fertilization

In the previous paper, we reported the stand growth of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) during the first 11.5 years of plantation in response to (1) initial fertilization at plantation establishment with P rates of 11, 22, 45 and 90 kg P ha^–1 which were either banded or broadcast in the presence or absence of basal fertilizers containing 50 kg N ha^–1, 50 kg K ha^–1 and 5 kg Cu ha^–1 and (2) application of additional 40 kg P ha^–1 at age 10 years. Here we present the responses in foliar nutrient concentrations of slash pine in the first 11.5 years to the initial fertilization and the additional P applied at age 10 years.Foliar N and K concentrations in the first 9.6 years of plantation decreased with the initial P rate. Application of the basal fertilizers improved foliar Cu concentration. Foliar Ca and Mg concentrations increased linearly with the initial P rate. The initial fertilization did not affect foliar Mn concentration in the first 9.6 years. Foliar P concentration increased quadratically with the initial P rate, which accounted for 77–86% of the variation in foliar P concentration. Most of the explained variation in foliar nutrient concentrations was attributable to the plantation age except for foliar P concentration. In the case of foliar P concentration, 53% was explained by the initial P rate, 31% by the plantation age and 2% by the positive interaction between the initial P rate and the plantation age. Foliar P concentration of slash pine at age 11.5 years increased quadratically with the initial P rate and linearly with the additional 40 kg P ha^–1 applied at age 10 years, accounting for 81% of the variation in the foliar P concentration. Foliar nutrient analysis indicated that P was the major limiting nutrient affecting the stand growth of slash pine in the first 11.5 years.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定苋菜中8种矿物元素

用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法对苋菜中钾、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰、铅8种矿物元素进行了测定,对样品前处理方法、酸度、共存元素干扰及元素线性范围进行了实验。在选定的实验条件下,可以用火焰原子吸收光谱法对苋菜中8种元素进行分别测定,互不干扰。方法的相对标准偏差为0.08%~3.17%(n=5),加标回收率为91.5%~102%。     

矿物质催化合成SP及SP-C

探索出一种以矿物质（橡胶填充剂）为催化剂合成ＳＰ及ＳＰ－Ｃ的新工艺。选择了最佳的工艺条件。此法制成的ＳＰ及ＳＰ－Ｃ产品性能优良、质量稳定。     

A comparison of the performance of N simulation models in the prediction of Nmin on farmers' fields in the spring

The performance of three different models, which simulate changes in the inorganic N content of the soil, was evaluated in respect of their ability to predict N_min content in the spring under cereal crops. The models of British, Dutch and German origin, were tested using data from farmers' fields supplied by 70 farmers over two growing seasons in FRG. The models were run between harvest of the previous crop and spring of the following year, and predictions of N_min in the spring compared to soil measurements. The performance of the models was assessed by counting the number of cases in which predictions agreed within 10 or 20 kg (N) ha^–1 of the measurements. Predictions were less than ± 10 kg (N) ha^–1 of measured values in only 30–44% and 28–55% of cases in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Predictions were less than ± 20 kg (N) ha^–1 of measured values in 62–70% and 68–82% of cases in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Predictions in 1989 were better because the initial N_min content in the autumn was included in the model input. None of the models tested had been designed to use input data of the type available to farmers. It is concluded that, at present, the results are too variable for any of the models to be used with confidence as tools to aid in N fertilizer recommendations.     

有色金属冶炼烟气SO2的回收治理及其资源化

简要说明了在有色金属冶炼过程中回收元素硫的必要性,介绍了火法冶金工艺中回收硫及其资源化的一些方法,简单讨论了不同方法的优缺点;主张综合利用回收硫资源发展市场需求的硫化工产品。     

水泥的品质和混凝土质量的关系(上)

在传统上，混凝土是按强度进行设计的，对混凝土的质量的最终标准主要是强度，因此混凝土生产者对水泥品质的要求也是强调强度；强度越高的水泥被认为质量也越高，如此的发展，造成近年来混凝土结构出现裂缝尤其是早期开裂的现象日益普遍。其原因很复杂，单从水泥来说，比表面积、矿物组成中C3A、C3S、碱含量的增加，热水泥的出厂，都增加了开裂的敏感性，降低了流变性能，是原材料中影响混凝土质量主要原因。应当把抗裂性作为水泥品质的重要要求，并限制出厂水泥的温度。     

某水电站厂房洞室群围岩点荷载强度试验成果分析及利用研究

通过厂房地下洞室群围岩点荷载试验,获得了洞室不同深度位置岩石点荷载强度值,试验发现各平洞点荷载强度随洞室深度变化呈现明显的波动性变化特征。研究表明,围岩岩性、断层以及岩石微观结构等是影响岩石点荷载强度的主要因素。其中,围岩中普遍发育的矿物定向排列是导致点荷载强度波动性变化的最主要因素。最后,通过与实测单轴抗压强度比较,得出当岩石单轴抗压强度大于60 MPa时,宜采用成都理工大学推荐公式换算单轴抗压强度,当单轴抗压强度小于60 MPa时,宜采用水利水电规范推荐的转换公式计算岩石单轴抗压强度。     

Chlorosis in sugarcane: Associated soil properties,leaf mineral composition,and crop response to iron and manganese

Attempts were made to find out the nature and cause of a widespread sugarcane chlorosis in a cane growing area. Soils from chlorotic and nonchlorotic fields did not differ markedly in pH, CaCO₃, electrical conductivity, organic C, and soil test P, Zn, Cu, and Mn levels, but the chlorotic field soils had relatively more NH₄OAc-extractable K and less clay and DTPA-extractable Fe. Chlorotic and green leaf blades contained about the same concentration of P, S, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mo, but the former leaf blades had more K and less Ca and HCl soluble Fe than the green ones. Green leaves of plants that seemed to have naturally recovered in chlorotic fields were higher in Mn. A foliage spray with 2.5% FeSO₄.7H₂O solution resulted in greening of leaves and a field experiment showed marked crop response to Fe and some response to Mn. The results thus suggest that the chlorosis is due to a lime-induced Fe-deficiency with the possibility of some role of Mn in Fe nutrition in calcareous soil conditions.Deceased 22 September 1988     

氧化铁对硫铝酸钙矿物形成的影响

借助化学分析方法、X射线衍射、差示扫描量热法等测试手段研究了Fe2O3对无水硫铝酸钙矿物(C4A3S)形成过程的影响.研究表明:掺杂Fe2O3可促进熟料中游离氧化钙(f-CaO)的吸收,增加液相量,改善C4A3-S矿物生料的易烧性;不掺杂Fe2O3的矿物生料,C4A3-S单矿物在850℃以下几乎不生成,在1 000℃开始大量生成,在1 300℃达到最高值;掺杂1?2O3的试样中C4A3S含量与不掺杂试样在同温度下达到最大值,但绝对含量有一定幅度的下降;掺杂3%及5?2O3的试样中C4A3S含量在1 350℃达到最大值,达到最大值的时间比原来延迟0.5h,并且绝对含量有较大幅度的下降;掺杂Fe2O3的试样在1 200℃至1400℃时,Fe3 和C4A3-S中的Al3 发生置换,使Fe3 固熔到C4A3-S中形成固熔体C4(A0.95F0.05)6O12(SO4).