Reserve estimation of an open pit mine under price uncertainty by real option approach

Reserve estimation is a key to find the correct NPV in a mining project. The most important factor in reserve estimation is the metal price. Metal price fluctuations in recent years were exaggerated, and imposed a high degree of uncertainty to the re-serve estimation, and in consequence to the whole mine planning procedure. Real option approach is an efficient method of deci-sion making in the uncertain conditions. This approach has been used for evaluation of defined natural resources projects until now. This study considering the metal price uncertainty used real option approach to prepare a methodology for reserve estimation in open pit mines. This study was done on a copper cylindrical deposit, but the achieved methodology can be adjusted for all kinds of deposits. This methodology was comprehensively described through the examples in such a manner that can be used by the mine planners.     

从自然辩证法角度看“低碳”

随着生产的发展,二氧化碳的排放量剧增,低碳,减碳成为保护环境,维持人类自身长远发展的迫切需要。马克思主义强调人与自然的和谐统一,强调人要在适度的范围内实现对自然的超越。人不仅要积极主动地改造自然,更要发挥主观能动性保护自然,实现人与自然的共存共荣。     

生态伦理规范的社会化路径探析

文章探讨生态伦理规范的社会化路径,消除生态危机,再现"天人合一"的伦理境界.     

羽毛球后备人才培养存在的问题分析

通过文献查阅和专家访谈,运用马克思主义哲学思想,从分析制约培养羽毛球运动后备人才中各种矛盾入手,总结过去处理这些矛盾的经验与教训.认为我国羽毛球运动要保持水平不断提高,必须遵循自身的发展规律和人才成长规律,后备人才培养是羽毛球运动发展的战略问题.只有重视后备人才的梯队建设,我国羽毛球运动才能够持续发展.     

高等教育的公益性与高校学报的对应关系

高校学报是高等教育体系的有机组成部分,对高校学报的考察和定位不可脱离这一关系。高校学报的使命与高等教育的使命紧密相连,其基本属性与高等教育的基本属性是一致的。高校学报是公益性的出版单位,其出版的学报属于准公共产品。在出版业改革中,作为公益性出版的高校学报与所在学校的隶属关系无需改变。撇开与大学的整体关系,以刊论刊,孤立地将学报与营利性期刊等同对待是片面的。     

牡丹江河道生态护岸研究

在注重人水和谐的今天,河道生态问题倍受关注,河道整治中采用生态护岸型式是恢复河道生态的基础。综合分析了生态护岸特点及发展趋势。分析了原有河道护坡结构对环境水利和生态水利的影响,并在吸取国内外有关城市河道整治和其他领域生态护坡经验的基础上,对牡丹江河道生态护岸的设计进行了一些思考和探讨。     

一种基于图像识别的高性能混沌特性判别算法

利用混沌阵子可以检测强噪声背景下极其微弱的周期信号。该方法应用中的关键问题是混沌特性的判别。提出了一种新的基于图像识别的混沌特性判别方法,该方法需要的存储量小,算法简单易行,尤其适合系统资源受限的场合,比如嵌入式系统。阐述了该混沌特性判别算法的原理,给出了一个基于此方法的完整判别程序流程。计算机仿真结果表明,该方法用于Duffing信号幅值检测系统是有效的。     

促进发电节能的可中断负荷电价优化设计模型

如果电力系统的备用容量完全有发电机组来承担,可能会产生长期"备而不用"的问题.这不仅会造成资源的浪费,也会导致用户购电成本的增加.通过供电公司与用户之间签订的合同,把用户的可中断负荷作为发电的一种备用,如果系统供给能量,则用户需要向供电公司支付电能价格;如果备用容量不足,系统中断时该用户的电力供给,但供电公司向用户进行其低谷用电的电价赔偿.可中断负荷电价的确定既要有利于发电成本的下降,又要有利于保护供电企业的利益,还要有利于激励用户减少高峰负荷用电的积极性.正是基于这样的目的而讨论可中断电价的优化设计模型.     

PLC软冗余在通风机监控系统中的应用

针对现有的通风机监控系统采用单个PLC控制整个系统运转而存在安全隐患的问题,提出了采用2个PLC组成软冗余系统的方案:一个PLC作为主站,控制整个通风机监控系统,执行不需要进行数据同步的非冗余程序和完成控制功能、报警、模拟量的冗余程序;另一个PLC作为备站,只执行非冗余程序。PLC软冗余系统的应用提高了通风机监控系统的可靠性,满足了安全生产需要。     

Analysis of the impact of coal mining on the ecological environment of the nature reserve

With the gradual attention of the state to the protection of natural ecological environment, the planning and layout of the nature reserve will overlap with some coal mine areas. In order to strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, it is necessary to study the impact of mining on the ecological environment of the nature reserve. Through the methods of GIS and RS, and evaluation o f ecological protection index system, the differences and impacts of ecological environment changes before and after the planning of the nature reserve are analyzed. The results show that since 2002, the effect of water collection and artificial soil and water conservation measures on improving the ecological environment of vegetation are obvious, the dominant species of vegetation type in the overlapping area of coal mine and nature reserve have changed from grass vegetation to shrub vegetation, inwhich the area of arbor forest land has increased significantly, the veetationcoverage in the overlapping area has also increased considerably . The intensity of soil erosion has decreased year by year after mining the coal resources. Postharvest hydraulic erosion intensity is mainly below mild, and the area of artificial soil and water conservation has increased significantly. T he negative impact of the ground subsidence caused by coal mining on the ecological environment is less than the positive effect brought by artificial soil and waterconservation measures, and it is generally developing in a more stable direction. The ecological protection status index increased fr om 32. 98 to 45.94, and the change degree of ecological protection status in nature reserves is 12.9 ≥10. T he ecological protection status of the nature reserve improved significantly. On the basis of ecological environment protection and restoration measures in the nature reserve, coal mines need to further study the comprehensive impact of human activitieson the ecological environment of the nature reserve.