工业废渣在复合无光乳浊釉中的应用

以废瓷粉、废玻璃粉、粉煤灰等工业废渣为主要原料．添加其它常用的陶瓷原料，成功研制出乳白色、彩色(添加色料)、费色(以粉煤灰着色)三个系列无光乳浊釉。这些釉的烧成温度为1180℃左右，烧成气氛为氧化气氛．它们具有废渣用量大(废渣总用量40-50％)、熔块用量低(0～12％)、成本低等特点。     

净化黄磷尾气合成甲酸甲酯研究

用净化黄磷尾气为原料与甲醇液相合成甲酸甲酯 ,并对影响一氧化碳及甲醇转化率、甲酸甲酯时空收率等的因素进行了研究。研究结果表明 ,随着主催化剂浓度或反应压力的增大 ,一氧化碳转化率及甲醇转化率均提高 ;助剂的加入可以大大提高甲酸甲酯时空收率和延长催化剂的寿命。优化的反应条件为 :主催化剂 (甲醇钠 )浓度 0 .4mol L ;助催化剂吡啶浓度 1.74mol L ;温度 80℃ ;时间 160min ;压力 4MPa。在此条件下 ,黄磷尾气中一氧化碳及甲醇转化率可分别达到 95 .5 %和 43%。     

Balanced pasture fertilization in the Basque Country: I. Phosphorus and potassium budgets on dairy farms

Dairy farming is the main agricultural activity of the Basque Country. A dairy farm is characterized as a system with soils and crops, forage, cattle and manure as main components, and in such a system, nutrient cycling is very important to maintain soil fertility and optimize forage production. To quantify nutrient transfers in the cycle, a simple system was developed and has been applied to seventeen farms to examine its ability to achieve a balanced P and K fertilization. These farms have provided data on inputs (fertilizer, feeds, concentrates), pasture and manure management, and outputs (milk production), and soil samples have been taken from farm pastures. Phosphorus and K in excreta and uneaten pasture is used with a relatively high efficiency as suggested by the relatively high efficiency of P and K utilization by the pasture that usually ranges from 70 to 90%. Concentrate feeding (3000 kg cow^–1 yr^–1) represents one of the main P and K inputs in Basque Country dairy farms, averaging 26 and 66 kg ha^–1, respectively. Besides, release of K in the soil through slow liberation from non-exchangeable sites was estimated as 30 kg ha^–1. Thus, a high efficiency in excreta recycling would diminish substantially P and K mineral fertilizer needs. Farm nutrient budgets appear to be a convenient tool for determining nutrient shortages and surpluses at farm level, and thus they are considered as a first step to support a better management of maintenance fertilization of permanent pastures.     

Mussoorrie rock phosphate-pyrite mixture as phosphate fertilizer

Mussoorrie rock phosphate (MRP), MRP + pyrite (25% by weight), diammonium phosphate (DAP), ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and nitrophosphate (NP) were compared in a field experiment as fertilizers for wheat. At 20 kg P ha^–1, MRP was only 6 per cent as effective as DAP. However, when it was mixed with pyrite, the efficiency of MRP increased to 64 per cent at 20 kg P ha^–1 compared with 97 per cent at 40 kg P ha^–1. The P requirement for a targeted yield for 4.5 t ha^–1 decreased from 39.4 kg P ha^–1 as MRP to 23.7 kg P ha^–1 as MRP + pyrite. Of the other P fertilizers studied, NP was as effective as DAP, whereas APP was 9 to 37 per cent more effective than DAP. However, the P requirement as DAP, NP and APP for a targeted yield of 4.5 t ha^–1 was similar (11 ± 0.5 kg P ha^–1).     

黄磷的物理法脱砷新方法探索研究

针对我省黄磷精制现状,研究一种黄磷除砷新方法。利用高压静电场对工业黄磷进行处理,结果显示:在电场的作用下能分离除去砷,经三级处理脱砷率可达90%以上,黄磷回收率在99.9%以上。简要介绍了此处理方法的原理及工艺。     

福泉地区磷化工对清水江的污染及其治理对策

在了解清水江流域自然、社会环境、收集和补充监测清水江水质状况，调查清水江流域氟、磷污染源的基础上，对清水江水环境质量现状进行评价，对清水江氟、磷污染现状、污染来源进行分析，得出明确的结论，提出相应的污染防治对策。     

Nitrogen fertilizer use in rainfed agriculture

Agronomic efficiency (AE) is defined as the increase in economic yield of a crop per unit fertilizer applied. Components of AE are physiological efficiency and apparent recovery fraction. The latter can be further separated into uptake efficiency and availability index. Ways to increase the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency in rainfed agriculture through fertilizer management are discussed.     

有机磷化物制备羟基磷灰石工艺条件的探讨

探索用有机磷化物制备羟基磷灰石的工艺条件：采用硝酸钙、氨水、磷酸三丁酯为原料进行正交对比研究，优化得到了制备较佳羟基磷灰石的工艺条件。优化的工艺条件为：原料中Ca／P（molar ratio）1．67；Ca（NO3）2、4H2O／NH3H2O（g／g）为0.99；烧结温度为850℃：恒温时间为5h，并对合成的样品进行了化学和红外光谱的分析。     

高产小麦磷钾效应和适宜氮磷钾配比研究

黄泛冲积石灰性土壤在适宜施氮水平下磷钾不同用量及配比对小麦生长的影响表现为:(1)磷肥以中量施用水平(每公顷施用P2O5120kg)增产效果最好,分别比未施磷、低量施用水平(每公顷用P2O548kg)增产30.82%、20.27%,高量施用水平(每公顷施用P2O5192kg),虽然比中量施用水平表现出增产,但增产幅度很小,只有2.85%;(2)钾肥对小麦的增产效应小于磷肥,只有在施用磷肥的基础上配施钾肥,才能使钾的效应得到充分发挥;(3)小麦全生育期氮磷钾施用比例1∶0.5∶0.5为最佳,每公顷施用N240kg、P2O5120kg、K2O120kg效益最高。     

工业含磷废水除磷研究

在常温条件下，以低廉的氯化镁、碳酸氢铵作沉淀剂加入到含磷废水中除磷时，得到的一次处理液因含磷高无法达标排放。本文利用聚合氯化铝（PAC）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）作复合混凝剂，对其进行进一步除磷研究，实验研究证明，加入复合混凝剂的效果优于单独使用，并可使处理后的废水达到国家二类水排放标准。