铜渣基化学键合陶瓷材料吸附Cr(VI)的性能及机理

以富含铁的铜渣（CS）为原料，在碱激发条件下制备了铜渣基化学键合陶瓷材料（CSCBC），对废水中的Cr(Ⅵ)进行吸附处理。考察了吸附剂添加量、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度及pH等因素对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附效果的影响，并通过吸附动力学和热力学分析，结合吸附前后吸附材料结构表征，对其吸附机理进行了探讨。结果表明，当Cr(Ⅵ)初始质量浓度为200 mg/L、pH=1、吸附剂投加量为0.4 g时，在240 min内达吸附平衡，Cr(Ⅵ)去除率可达93%以上，最大理论吸附容量25.3 mg/g。与生物炭基铁氧化物复合材料、FeS复合材料、铁掺杂吸附剂等同类型吸附剂相比，Cr(Ⅵ)吸附容量明显提高。CSCBC对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附过程符合准一级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型。其吸附机制主要是还原、吸附等双重作用的结果。 6次吸附-解吸实验后，其吸附容量保持初次吸附容量的75%以上 。     

A/O工艺实现城市污水半亚硝化与生物除磷

城市污水半亚硝化是实现其厌氧氨氧化的基础和关键步骤,但相关研究甚少,为此,利用A/O反应器处理实际城市污水,研究实现半亚硝化的可行性及其对生物除磷的影响.结果表明:A/O反应器可实现稳定的亚硝酸盐积累,积累率约为85%;通过调整水力停留时间可控制A/O反应器出水NO2--N/NH4+-N在1.0左右,满足厌氧氨氧化对进水水质的要求;温度和溶解氧质量浓度的波动会导致亚硝酸盐积累的破坏.实现半亚硝化的稳定后,A/O反应器除磷稳定性变差,可能与出水游离亚硝酸质量浓度(FNA)增加有关.     

碱激发矿渣固化土压平衡盾构渣土的试验研究

利用碱激发高炉矿渣对土压平衡盾构渣土进行固化,考察了矿渣掺量、液固比、碱激发剂、成型压力、养护温度等因素对固化土力学性能的影响,分析了固化反应的主要产物及固化土的微观结构,研究了固化土的抗酸抗盐侵蚀能力。结果表明：碱激发高炉矿渣对土压平衡盾构渣土具有较好的固化能力,在配比范围内,随着高炉矿渣掺量的增加,固化渣土抗压强度和表观密度增大;固化渣土强度的主要来源是碱激发高炉矿渣生成的C-S-H和C-A-S-H;氢氧化钠和水玻璃的复合激发相对于单一激发固化效果更好,液固比、成型压力和养护温度对于固化渣土的抗压强度有一定影响;硫酸钠对所制备的固化渣土的侵蚀作用较小,而硫酸和盐酸的侵蚀作用相对较大。     

CO还原CaO－SiO_2－Al_2O_3－Fe_tO渣系研究

研究了在１７２３Ｋ下ＣＯ还原ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａ１_２Ｏ_３－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ渣系。根据ＣＯ_２红外分析仪测定的出口气体中ＣＯ_２浓度变化，计算了炉渣的表现还原速度常数Ｋ_ａ和还原速度常数Ｋ。结果表明，加入Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３，提高了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ的Ｋ_ａ和Ｋ值；炉渣碱度不变时，随着Ｆｅ_ｔＯ含量的增加，Ｋ_ａ呈增加趋势，但Ｋ则呈抛物线趋势变化；当ＦｅＯ的光学碱度∧_ＦｅＯ为１．０或０．８７时，Ｋ_ａ随该四元渣系光学碱度的增加而线性增加，而Ｋ则呈递减趋势。用炉渣规则溶液模型计算了ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－Ｆｅ_ｔＯ四元渣系的Ｆｅ_ｔＯ活度ａ_Ｆｅ_ｔＯ。     

Utilization of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for measurement of organic phosphorus and bound calcium in cheddar cheese

The methods available for measuring organic P and bound Ca in cheese are either cumbersome or involve dilution of the cheese. Dilution of the cheese can lead to erroneous results, particularly in the case of bound Ca. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for direct measurement of organic P and bound Ca in Cheddar cheese. Two hundred sixteen samples of cheese were analyzed for protein-bound organic P, bound Ca using a water-extraction based method, and buffering curves. Additionally, the infrared spectra of the cheeses were collected between 4,000 and 650 cm⁻¹, at a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹, and 256 scans per sample. The spectral shifts in the infrared region from 1,050 to 900 cm⁻¹, in addition to the measured concentrations of organic P, bound Ca, and buffering peak area at pH 5.1, were used to develop calibration models using partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis. The spectral region of 956 to 946 cm⁻¹ correlated with the measured concentrations of organic P and the overall PLS model had a correlation (R²) of 0.76 between the predicted and measured concentrations. The spectral region at ∼980 cm⁻¹ was correlated with the measured concentrations of bound Ca, and the overall PLS model had a correlation (R²) of 0.70 between the predicted and measured concentrations. A similar spectral region at ∼980 cm⁻¹ was also correlated with the measured buffering peak areas and the overall PLS model had a correlation (R²) of 0.64 between the predicted and measured peak areas. A linear regression analysis between the bound Ca and buffering peak area demonstrated that bound Ca was correlated (R² = 0.73) with buffering peak area. This study demonstrates that FTIR can be used to measure organic P in cheeses. It also has the potential to be used for measuring bound Ca in undiluted cheeses, and for prediction of the buffering capacity of cheese.     

铁矾渣酸浸液磷酸除铁副产磷酸铁性能研究

针对本研究团队提出的"铁矾渣活化焙烧-稀酸酸浸-酸浸液磷酸除铁-除铁后液提In和Zn"新工艺,本文重点研究磷酸除铁滤渣物性及热分析动力学。通过XRD、IR、TG-DSC等对磷酸除铁滤渣的组成和物相进行分析表征。结果表明,磷酸除铁滤渣为FePO_4·2H_2O,滤渣平均直径12.6μm。采用FWO、KAS两种等转化率法求得滤渣磷酸铁水合物脱水反应的活化能为47.28～52.88kJ/mol。     

磷钼蓝分光光度法测定果蔬中有机磷

将氯化亚锡与亚硫酸钠混合溶液作为磷钼蓝分光光度法中的还原剂,分别测定样品中的总磷和无机磷,从而得到样品中有机磷的含量。该方法的最大吸收波长为740nm,磷在0～30μg范围内符合比耳定律,标准曲线的回归方程为y=0.1972x-0.0234,相关系数R2=0.9955,摩尔吸收系数为1.53×105L.mol-1.cm-1,相对标准偏差为1.85%～4.11%,回收率为96.16%～103.06%。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定金属锰中硅磷铁

提出了使用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定金属锰中硅、磷、铁的分析方法。实验确定了以稀硝酸分解样品,选择Si 251.611 nm, P 178.229 nm, Fe 259.940 nm光谱线分别作为硅、磷、铁的分析线,同时研究了基体效应。通过在校准曲线溶液中加入与待测样品等量的锰,补偿了基体组分引起的基体效应。对金属锰标样进行加标回收试验,得到回收率在98.0％～100.5％间。用本法测定了GSB H42018和 DH7701金属锰标样,测定值与认定值基本一致,相对标准偏差小于1%（n=6）。     

无机复合混凝剂处理造纸综合废水

用煤矸石及硫铁矿烧渣作原料制备了一种高效复合混凝剂聚硅酸铝铁(PSAF),并将其用于造纸综合废水的处理.结果表明,在较宽的pH值范围内,PSAF混凝剂对废水有很好的处理效果.在常温、pH值7.0、PSAF用量50mg/L的条件下,SS、CODCr和色度的去除率分别为96.5%、88.6%、92.3%;温度对CODCr去除率的影响不大;与传统混凝剂Al2(SO4)3和FeCl3相比,PSAF混凝剂具有混凝沉降速度快、处理废水后水中残余量低、处理废水费用低等特点.文中还探讨了混凝剂对造纸废水的混凝沉降机理.     

三氯氧磷交联木薯淀粉的研究

对用POCl3交联木薯淀粉的性质进行了研究。试验结果表明,反应条件对产物交联度有不同程度的影响,其中pH值和温度的影响最大。木薯原淀粉在碱性条件下,用POCl3处理,主要产品为淀粉磷酸二酯。