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981.
The results of an investigation of the porous structure of the Al2O3-SnO2 system and its properties after hydrogen treatment are presented. Pore size distribution was determined on the basis of low temperature nitrogen adsorption measurements. Reduction of the system by H2 leads to a decrease of the parameters defining porous structure. We conclude that this is due to the reduction of Sn(IV) species to oxidation state II. 相似文献
982.
983.
A numerical study has been carried out to investigate the effect of aspect ratio on heat transfer by natural convection of nanofluid taking Cu nano particles and the water as based fluid. The flow is laminar, steady state, axisymmetric two-dimensional in a vertical cylindrical channel filled with porous media. Heat is generated uniformly along the center of the channel with its vertical surface remain with cooled constant wall temperature and insulated horizontal top and bottom surfaces. The governing equations which used are continuity, momentum and energy equations using Darcy law and Boussinesq's approximation which are transformed to dimensionless equations. The finite difference approach is used to obtain all the computational results using the MATLAB-7 program. The parameters affected on the system are Rayleigh number ranging within (10≤ Ra ≤ 103), aspect ratio (1 ≤ As 〈 5) and the volume fraction (0 ≤0 〈 0.2). The results obtained are presented graphically in the form of streamline and isotherm contour plots and the results show that as ~ increase from 0.01 to 0.2 the value of the mean Nusselt number increase 50.4% for Ra = 1,000. 相似文献
984.
985.
Junhyun Cho Hwanyeong Oh Jaeman Park Kyoungdoug Min Eunsook Lee Jy-Young Jyoung 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
The mass transport characteristics of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) predominantly affect the performance of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell. However, studies examining the transient response related to the GDL are insufficient, although the dynamic behavior of a PEM fuel cell is an important issue. In this study, the effects of the design of a micro porous layer (MPL) on the transient response of a PEM fuel cell are investigated. The MPL slurry density and multiple functional layers are treated as the variable design parameter. The results show that the transient response is determined by the capillary pressure gradient through the GDL. The trade-off relation for the PEM fuel cell performance under low and high humidity conditions due to the hydrophobic GDL is mitigated by designing a reverse capillary pressure gradient in the MPL. 相似文献
986.
TiO2纳晶多孔薄膜固态太阳电池 总被引:7,自引:4,他引:7
该文报导了用交联聚醚聚氨酯 (PEU)凝胶网络型高分子和以聚硅氧烷为基础含有聚氧化乙烯 (PEO)内增塑链的凝胶网络高分子为电解质的TiO2 纳晶固态太阳电池的制备及性能。在所研究的 3种固体电解质 (SPE 1,SPE 2及SPE 3)中 ,具有低交联度、高盐 (KI)含量的凝胶网络型高分子电解质 (SPE 2 ) ,其离子导电性最佳 ,可以与液体电解质相比 (σ =2 1× 10 -3S·cm-1) ,由此构成的固态电池具有最好的光电化学性能。改进凝胶网络高分子电解质的结构组成以及优化TiO2 纳晶多孔薄膜 /高分子凝胶的界面可以进一步改善固态电池的性能 ,提高转换效率。 相似文献
987.
To reduce the cathode–electrolyte interfacial polarization resistance of low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), a nanostructured porous thin cathode consisting of Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (SSC) and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) was fabricated on an anode-supported electrolyte film using spin-coating technique. A suspension with nanosized cathode materials, volatilizable solvents and a soluble pore former was developed. The results indicated that the cell with the nanostructured porous thin cathode sintered at 950 °C showed relatively high maximum power density of 212 mW cm−2 at 500 °C and 114 mW cm−2 at 450 °C, and low interfacial polarization resistance of 0.79 Ω cm2 at 500 °C and 2.81 Ω cm2 at 450 °C. Hence, the nanostructured porous thin cathode is expected to be a promising cathode for low-temperature SOFCs. 相似文献
988.
硅负极具有高比容量的显著优势,其理论比容量(4 200 mA∙h/g)达到传统石墨负极的10倍以上,被认为是锂离子电池最有潜力的负极之一。然而,硅负极存在导电性较差、充放电过程中体积膨胀巨大等诸多问题,导致其循环性能较差,限制了大规模实际应用。本文提供了一种高性能硅负极的制备方法及应用,通过将硅负极分散在多级孔碳中,连同黏结剂聚丙烯腈涂覆在集流体上,再对极片进行热处理实现聚丙烯腈碳包覆,有效提高电极的整体导电性并能为巨大的体积变化提供空间,从而提升硅负极的大倍率性能和循环稳定性。 相似文献
989.
Elucidating the Effects of Cu‐Nanoparticles in a Porous Medium vis‐à‐vis Heat Transfer Phenomena 下载免费PDF全文
In this paper, a numerical simulation technique is developed to investigate the qualitative and quantitative behaviour of Cu‐nanoparticles in a porous medium vis‐a‐vis the heat transfer enhancements—buoyancy driven flow in a two‐dimensional square cavity, with moving walls is presented. The model utilizes the finite volume approach to solve the Brinkman–Darcy equations for Cu‐nanoparticles in a porous media. Discretization is carried out for convective and diffusive fluxes using Quadratic Upwind Interpolation for Convective Kinematics (QUICK) and central difference schemes, respectively. Tri‐Diagonal Matrix Algorithm is invoked to solve the set of algebraic equations. The Darcy number (Da), Prandtl number (Pr), and volume fraction (χ) are varied from 10?3 to 10?1, 3 to 7, and 0% to 20%, respectively. Insight into the cause of variations in isotherms, streamlines, Nusselt number (Nu), and mid‐plane velocities is explicated. The present numerical results are compared with the existing literature and found to be in good agreement. Even though nanoparticles slightly hinder the activity of the fluid, they can augment the average Nu by 90% for Pr = 7, Da = 0.1, and χ = 20% as compared to the absence of nanoparticles. Their efficacy is more prominent for flows with higher Da and Pr. Quantitative values for Nu were obtained for various combinations of Pr, Da, and χ. 相似文献
990.
The heat transfer of pool boiling in bead packed porous layers was experimentally investigated to analyze the effects of the bead material, bead diameter and the layer number of the porous bed on the transport of flux and the heat transfer coefficients. The glass and copper bead, the bead sizes of 4 mm and 6 mm as well as the bead packed porous structures ranging from one to three layers were chosen in the experiments. The pool boiling heat transfer in the bead packed porous structures and that on the plain surface were compared to analyze the enhancement of pool boiling heat transfer while the bead packed porous layers were employed. The maximum relative error between the collected experimental data of the pure water on a plain surface and the theoretical prediction of pool boiling using the Rohsenow correlation was less than 12%. Besides, the boiling bubble generation, integration and departure have a great effect on the pool boiling and were recorded with a camera in the bead stacked porous structures of the different layers and materials at different heat flux. All these results should be taken into account for the promotion and application of bead packed porous structures in pool boiling to enhance the heat transfer. 相似文献