Perkin反应合成肉桂酸

以无水碳酸钾为催化荆，PEG-400为相转移催化剂，对苯二酚为阻聚剂．通过Perkin反应合成肉桂酸，研究了物料比、催化刺用量、PEG-400用量、对苯二酚用量、回流时间对产品产率的影响。最佳反应条件是n(苯甲醛)：n(乙酸酐)：n(碳酸钾)：n(PEG-400)：n(对苯二酚)=1：3：1．1：0．03：0．02．回流溢度180℃时．回流时间1．5h，肉桂酸产率呵达82.4％。     

从钛白的副产品生产硫酸钾肥的新工艺研究

通过对钛白生产中的副产品硫酸亚铁的综合利用进行深入研究，提出了萃取法生产硫酸钾的新工艺，分别对萃取铁离子和萃取氯离子的体系进行了系统研究。优化了工艺流程，通过对工业副产品硫酸亚铁的综合利用，可获得较大的经济效益和社会效益。     

歧化松香钾皂制备方法的改进与性能研究

以歧化松香为主要原料,在较低的温度(75~95℃)下,溶入KOH水溶液,并进行皂化反应,制备固体份质量分数45%的歧化松香钾皂。研究了反应温度、皂化时间、pH值、添加复合助剂TX-A对反应速度、去氢枞酸钾含量,以及黏度、结晶、胶凝等产品性能的影响。得出歧化松香钾皂化的较佳制备条件为:pH值为10.36,皂化时间分别为120 min(未加TX-A)、98 min(加TX-A),反应温度85℃,TX-A加入量为反应物质量的0.2%。制备出的歧化松香钾皂产品,在性能上完全符合行业标准ZBB 72003-84的要求,并且结晶、胶凝性质有所改善,加纳色号标准降低两个等级。     

Microstructures and Dielectric Properties of Pure and Doped KNbO3 Ceramics

Regions consisting of grains of pronounced cubic develpment exist in pure KNbO₃ ceramics which exhibit a temperature dependence of dielectric constant very similar to that of KNbO₃ crystals. KNbO₃ ceramics doped with GeO₂-K₂O additives have small grains, semiconducting resistance, and a different curve of dielectric constant versus temperature. As the average grain size decreases, the shape of the curve differs increasingly from that of KNbO₃ crystals.     

Application of K2CO3 catalysts in the coal gasification process using nuclear heat

Conventional gasification processes use coal not only as feedstock to be gasified but also for supply of energy for reaction heat, steam production, and other purposes. With a nuclear high temperature reactor (HTR) as a source for process heat, it is possible to transform the whole of the coal feed into gas. This concept offers advantages over existing gasification processes: saving of coal, as more gas can be produced from coal; less emission of pollutants, as the HTR is used for the production of steam and electricity instead of a coal-fired boiler; and a lower production cost for the gas. However, the process has the disadvantage that the temperature is limited to the outlet temperature (950 °C max) of the helium cooling gas of the HTR. Therefore the possibility of catalytic steam gasification was examined. Model calculations based on experimental results show that use of 3–4 wt% relative to coal of K²CO³ catalyst increases the throughput of a large scale nuclear gasification plant by ≈65%, while gas production costs decrease by ≈15%. Corrosion by catalysts is not significant at low concentration (< 5 wt%) and low temperature (< 900 °C).     

Preparation,characterization and salt-resistance of a coal based super absorbent composite

Potassium humate was extracted from brown coal.A novel super absorbent composite,poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/potassium humate (PAA-AM/KHA),was prepared by graft polymerization of acrylic acid,acrylamide and coal based potassium humate using N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker and potassium peroxydisulfate as an initiator.The effects of reaction temperature,degree of neutralization of the poly (acrylic acid) and the amounts of crosslinker,initiator and potassium humate were investigated.Salt resistance tests were also carried out.The composite prepared under optimal conditions had a potassium humate content of 10% and exhibited a water absorption of 770 g/g in distilled water,and 349,286 and 41 g/g in 0.5 mol/L KC1,MgCl2 and AlCl3 solutions respectively.The results indicate that the salt resistance of PAA-AM/KHA was superior to that of poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) because of the collaborative effect of functional groups of the coal based potassium humate.The PAA-AM/KHA micro powder was characterized by IR spectroscopy and the micrographic surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.Introduction of potassium humate into the poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) structure creates a composite more suitable for use as a water-managing material in the renewal of arid and desert environments.The salt resisting property of the composite is improved,production costs are reduced and the growth stimulant effect is still present.     

Corrosion behavior and mechanism of the automotive hot-dip galvanized steel with alkaline mud adhesion

The corrosion behavior and mechanism of hot-dip galvanized steel and interstitial-free (IF) substrate with alkaline mud adhesion were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear polarization. The results show that non-uniform corrosion occurs on the galvanized steel and IF substrate during 250 h with the mud adhesion. The corrosion products on the galvanized steel are very loose and porous, which are mainly ZnO, Zn5(OH...     

焦作某铝厂赤泥堆场工程防渗对地下水水质的影响

根据堆放场底部铺设赤泥加石灰垫层和防渗膜的工程防渗处理措施,探讨了赤泥渗滤液的日实际渗透量以及该区域地下水对赤泥渗滤液的日最大允许入渗量。讨论了该防渗情况下,堆放场对周围地下水水质的影响。     

重铬酸钾氧化比色法和气相色谱法定量分析发酵液中乙醇的比较研究

为了比较重铬酸钾氧化比色法和气相色谱法测定乙醇体积分数的效果,采用这2种方法分别定量分析已知体积分数的标准液和未知体积分数的发酵液.分析和比较统计结果发现：定量分析发酵液乙醇体积分数时气相色谱法较准确,成本较高;重铬酸钾氧化比色法可以用于发酵液乙醇体积分数的批量分析,成本较低.     

抛石挤淤在吹填淤泥区地基处理中的应用

首先阐述了抛石挤淤的适用范围及其原理,然后结合工程实例,详细描述了其施工工艺及施工过程的质量控制标准,对该吹填淤泥区所布设的沉降监测点、周边隆起监测点、深层水平位移监测点、孔隙水压力监测点分别进行了监测,通过分析监测数据,得出相关结论,进而探讨抛石挤淤在本试验中的可行性及所存在的问题.