高聚合度PVC／TPU共混物的制备与研究

本文研究了采用高聚合度聚氯乙烯(PVC)和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为主体材料制备高聚合度PVC/TPU共混物的过程,讨论了高聚合度PVC/TPU并用比、填料、增塑剂、共混工艺等因素对高聚合度PVC/TPU共混物性能的影响。     

一种低功耗的社区机会网络消息路由算法

社区机会网络中节点的移动具有一定的相关性且不同的节点往往具有不同的移动特点,当前机会网络中主流的多拷贝路由算法并未充分考虑到这些特点,将该算法直接应用于这类网络会导致资源消耗较高、传输成功率低等问题。针对这些问题,提出一种基于社区的低功耗消息路由算法,其能自适应地控制消息拷贝数量,并根据节点与目标社区节点和本地社区节点相遇的历史信息来设置其目标社区和本地社区的活跃度,依靠活跃度较高的节点来完成消息传输。仿真结果表明,在延迟要求比较宽松的社区机会网络中,该算法在消息传输的成功率及占能耗最主要部分的消息转发次数方面明显优于Spray and Focus算法。     

FO-CA:一种基于距离差异度组合权重的多属性数据分类方法

为了解决多属性数据分类问题,提出了一种基于模糊优选模型与聚类分析的分类方法(FO-CA)。首先由模糊优选模型得到有序综合指标数据集,其中在权重阶段提出了距离差异度并以此为依据构建了一种组合主客观权重的赋权方法;然后采用聚类分析将有序综合指标数据集聚类为几个簇进而分类;最后选取UCI中的Iris、Wine和Ruspini 3个数据集进行仿真实验。实验结果表明,该分类方法相比模糊优选方法及K-Means算法能获得更好的分类结果,对决策者有一定的参考价值。     

Bezier曲线到AH-Bezier曲线的升阶算法

关于曲线升阶,已有的结论往往限于同类曲线之间。为了突破这一限制,考虑不同类曲线间的升阶,关注代数多项式空间中的Bezier曲线到代数双曲多项式空间中的AH-Bezier曲线的升阶。研究从基函数入手,利用Bezier和AH-Bezier共有的求导降阶的特点,结合矩阵分块的思想,先给出AH-Bezier基到Bernstein基的转换矩阵,进而推出控制顶点的升阶公式,最后给出升阶算法。结果表明,任意n次Bezier曲线可以通过该算法升到n＋3阶（等同于n＋2次）的AH-Bezier曲线。算法实现了Bezier到AH-B＆#233;zier曲线模型的精确转换。     

人工免疫优化的汽车散热器功能设计

应用公理设计原理设计车用散热器时,耦合功能的存在是一个普遍问题。国内外学者提出使用人工免疫方法求解耦合功能集。针对这些算法在度量抗体优异性时存在的不足,提出了新的度量指标：耦合功能集聚度,并给出相应公式,同时在抗体生成算法中引入基因优选的方法。经在银轮股份进行车用机油散热器设计仿真实验,表明新的算法具有较高的效率。     

Effect of degree of polymerization on gelation and flow processability of poly(vinyl chloride)

The effect of degree of polymerization (DP) on the gelation and flow processability of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) was studied. Sheets with adjusted degree of gelation were prepared by rolling rigid pipe formulation suspension PVC compounds with DPs of 800, 1050 and 1300 by changing the milling temperature. Their degrees of gelation were measured with DSC and their capillary flow properties were measured with a capillary rheometer at 150, 170 and 190°C and the effect of DP on the relation between gelation and flow processabilities was studied. Because of the higher shearing heat during milling, the sample with the higher DP had a higher history temperature and thus tended to show a higher degree of gelation. The viscosity increased as the gelation increased. The dependency of viscosity on DP was higher at higher milling and extrusion temperatures and thus at a higher degree of gelation and a lower shear rate. This was assumed to be attributed to the more prominent uniform molecular flow as against the particle flow. The die swell increased with increasing the milling and extrusion temperatures and hence with increasing the gelation. A sample with a lower DP tended to show a larger die swell and this tendency was even more pronounced at the higher extrusion temperature. The melt fracture easily occurred when a sample with advanced gelation was extruded at low temperature. Whereas at low milling temperatures a sample with the lower DP showed a lower critical shear rate at onset of melt fracture, and thus easily generating melt fracture, at high milling temperatures it showed a higher critical shear rate and hence scarcely generated melt fracture. These experimental results were explained by the fact and concept that a sample with a lower DP shows a higher increase in the gelation during extrusion and/or the slighter feature of particle flow as against the uniform molecular flow at the same gelation level. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1915–1938, 2004     

尼龙66/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐共混体系的研究(Ⅰ)乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物熔融接枝马来酸酐的制备与表征

以马来酸酐为单体、过氧化物为引发剂，采用熔融挤出法制备了乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(EVA-g-MAH)。重点讨论了不同型号的EVA、过氧化物引发剂品种及用量、单体MAH用量和加工工艺条件等因素时接枝反应的影响。通过化学滴定法和傅立叶红外光谱法(FTlR)证实部分马来酸酐确实以化学键连接到EVA分子链上。与聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)相比，EVA中由于含有醋酸乙烯(VA)基团，极性较大，与MAH的相客性较好，因而在相同的条件下接枝效率也更大；而且VA含量越大，越有利于接枝反应。比较不同的过氧化物引发剂BPO和DCP。发现DCP的引发效果更好。实验结果还表明，在EVA进行接枝反应的同时存在着交联反应，引发剂DCP的用量不宜过高，为得到接枝率适中，交联度很小的接枝产物，还要选择合适的MAH与DCP的用量。     

CGA560增强助磨剂在水泥粉磨中的应用研究

研究了CGA560增强助磨剂在水泥粉磨中对台时产量和水泥质量的影响。试验结果表明:在磨机状况不改变的条件下,CGA560增强助磨剂的加入可提高磨机产量10%-30%;同时可有效减少过粉磨现象,优化水泥颗粒级配,提高了水泥粉磨细度及比表面积;因而使水泥强度等性能得到了明显改善和提高。     

一种通过USB接口的可靠固件升级技术

本文提出一种可靠固件升级的技术。该技术采用外部主晶振,工作异常时自动切换到校准后的内部晶振,还使用了DFU检测序列、看门狗等方法。相对于传统的固件升级技术,该技术具有抗干扰能力强、可靠、易于使用等优点。     

Influence of chitosan characteristics on coagulation and flocculation of organic suspensions

Several samples of chitosan with different degrees of deacetylation and of different molecular weights were tested for the coagulation–flocculation of organic suspensions. Organic suspensions were prepared by mixing mushroom powder with tap water. Experiments were carried out at pH 5, pH 7, and pH 9. Because decreasing the pH reduced the amount of chitosan required to reach the required turbidity, at pH 9, a high concentration of chitosan was required to achieve the required treatment levels, whereas the difference was less significant between pH 7 and pH 5 (the required concentration of chitosan was halved). Though viscosity, correlated to the molecular weight of chitosan, affected treatment performance, its influence on the efficiency of coagulation–flocculation could be substantially reduced by slightly increasing the concentration of the polymer. This is of importance in the processing of industrial effluents: the aging of a chitosan solution, which may cause partial depolymerization, and loss of viscosity, will have a limited impact on process efficiency. The degree of deacetylation also has a limited effect on treatment performance, especially when the degree of deacetylation exceeds 90%. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2070–2079, 2005