气氛保护等离子喷涂成形W/Re合金喷管的抗热震烧蚀性能研究

用包覆法制备W-5%Re复合喷涂粉末, 再采用气氛保护等离子喷涂成形技术结合真空烧结技术制备内径为8 mm、壁厚16.5 mm、长30 mm的某实验型固体火箭发动机W/Re复合喷管, 并测试了喷管在地面点火试车条件下的抗热震烧蚀性能。研究结果表明, 气氛保护等离子喷涂成形W/Re喷管为典型的柱状晶层片结构, 致密度仅为87.5%。经2 300 ℃真空烧结480 min后, W/Re合金喷管由层片结构转化为颗粒状结构, 致密度提高至98.6%, 综合力学性能显著提高。地面试车实验后, W/Re合金喷管整体结构完好, 未出现炸裂和破碎现象, 抗冲刷和耐烧蚀性能良好, 其线烧蚀率仅为0.15 mm/20 s。经SEM、EDS等检测发现, 喉部以机械剥蚀为主、熔化烧蚀及热化学烧蚀为辅, 其烧蚀程度最为严重; 收敛段为机械剥蚀和热化学烧蚀, 其烧蚀程度次之; 而扩散段则主要发生热化学烧蚀, 其烧蚀程度最低。     

一种4.5%Re镍基单晶合金在980℃蠕变期间的变形与损伤机制

通过蠕变性能测试和组织形貌观察,研究了一种Re含量为4.5%Re(质量分数,下同)的镍基单晶合金的高温蠕变行为、变形和损伤机制。结果表明,4.5%Re合金在980℃/300MPa的蠕变寿命为169h。蠕变初期,合金中立方γ′相转变为垂直于应力轴的N型筏状结构。稳态蠕变期间,合金的变形机制为位错在基体中滑移和攀移越过筏状γ′相。蠕变后期,合金的变形机制为位错在基体中滑移和剪切进入筏状γ′相。由于γ基体通道较窄,位错在基体通道中滑移所需的阻力较大。剪切进入γ′相的110超位错可由{111}面交滑移至{100}面,形成K-W锁,从而抑制位错的滑移和交滑移,这是合金具有较好蠕变抗力的主要原因。主/次滑移位错的交替开动,可致使筏状γ′相扭曲,并促使裂纹在筏状γ/γ′两相界面萌生;裂纹沿垂直于应力轴方向扩展,直至断裂,这是合金的蠕变断裂机制。     

Anisotropic Spectroscopy and Electrical Properties of 2D ReS2(1–x)Se2x Alloys with Distorted 1T Structure

2D black phosphorus (BP) and rhenium dichalcogenides (ReX₂, X = S, Se) possess intrinsic in‐plane anisotropic physical properties arising from their low crystal lattice symmetry, which has inspired their novel applications in electronics, photonics, and optoelectronics. Different from BP with poor environmental stability, ReX₂ has low‐symmetry distorted 1T structures with excellent stability. In ReX₂, the electronic structure is weakly dependent on layer numbers, which restricts their property tunability and device applications. Here, the properties are tuned, such as optical bandgap, Raman anisotropy, and electrical transport, by alloying 2D ReS₂ and ReSe₂. Photoluminescence emission energy of ReS_{2(1? x )}Se_{2 x} monolayers (x from 0 to 1 with a step of 0.1) can be continuously tuned ranging from 1.62 to 1.31 eV. Polarization behavior of Raman modes, such as ReS₂‐like peak at 212 cm^?1, shifts as the composition changes. Anisotropic electrical property is maintained in ReS_{2(1? x )}Se_{2 x} with high electron mobility along b‐axis for all compositions of ReS_{2(1? x )}Se_{2 x} .     

Re对一种新型镍基高温合金组织稳定性的影响

为了解Re对一种新型镍基高温合金组织稳定性的影响,采用扫描电镜观察了合金经长期时效后的样品微观组织,并利用透射电镜分析长期时效后析出的新相.实验结果表明,质量分数为1%～4%Re的合金经热处理后,组织由γ相、γ’相和碳化物MC、M23C6组成,当Re含量达到4%时,晶内析出了针状的M23C6.经长期时效后,随Re含量增加,合金中γ'相长大速率下降,合金的组织稳定性恶化,900℃超过1 000 h时效的含4%Re合金中出现针状σ相.因此,所研究合金中Re的含量应低于4%.     

Re及时效时间对耐腐蚀镍基定向合金组织和持久寿命的影响

优化设计了三种含Re分别为0％,2％,3％(质量分数)的耐腐蚀定向镍基高温合金,分析了三种合金在900℃高温时效过程中组织的变化,测试了三种合金在不同时效时间980℃/200MPa下的持久寿命.结果表明:随着Re含量和时效时间的增加,合金析出σ相的倾向增大,合金高温持久性能下降;Re明显细化持久性能试样的筏排结构,随着Re含量的增加,合金性能下降的幅度变小.     

Chemical Vapor Deposition of High‐Quality and Atomically Layered ReS2

Recently, anisotropic 2D materials, such as black phosphorus and rhenium disulfides (ReS₂), have attracted a lot attention because of their unique applications on electronics and optoelectronics. In this work, the direct growth of high‐quality ReS₂ atomic layers and nanoribbons has been demonstrated by using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. A possible growth mechanism is proposed according to the controlled experiments. The CVD ReS₂‐based filed‐effect transistors (FETs) show n‐type semiconducting behavior with a current on/off ratio of ≈10⁶ and a charge carrier mobility of ≈9.3 cm² Vs⁻¹. These results suggested that the quality of CVD grown ReS₂ is comparable to mechanically exfoliated ReS₂, which is also further supported by atomic force microscopy imaging, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging and thickness‐dependent Raman spectra. The study here indicates that CVD grown ReS₂ may pave the way for the large‐scale fabrication of ReS₂‐based high‐performance optoelectronic devices, such as anisotropic FETs and polarization detection.     

SEPARATION OF Re AND Mo BY ADSORPTION OF ACTIVE CARBON

Separation of Re and Mo by adsorption of active carbon has been studied. The results show that Re and Mo can be separated effectively by adjusting the pH value. As pH>8.2. the coefficient of separation S_(Rc)/Mo>3.042. The adsorption isotherm for Re conforms to the Freundlich formula.     

Contribution of electrospray mass spectrometry for the characterization, design, and development of nitrido technetium and rhenium heterocomplexes as potential radiopharmaceuticals

Diagnostic nuclear medicine (NM) is among the imaging procedures (together with X-ray, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance, and echography) the clinicians can routinely adopt to image organs or tissues and related disorders. (99m)Tc-based agents are the radiopharmaceuticals of election in diagnostic NM because of the ideal physical properties of the 99mTc nuclide (t1/2 6.01 hr; Egamma 142 keV), low cost, and easy availability through the commercial 99Mo/99mTc generator, and chemical versatility of the element. In the last two decades the synergistic work of clinics, pharmacologists, and coordination chemists has had a tremendous impact in the development of new 99mTc-based radiopharmaceuticals through the recognition of the structure at the molecular level of the agent utilized. This has been achieved by studying the physico-chemical properties of the long-lived 99gTc (t1/2 2.11 x 10(5) year; Ebeta 292 keV) and third-row congener Re isostructural compounds. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and collision experiments (MS/MS) represent valuable analytical techniques suitable for the characterization of both technetium and rhenium complexes relevant to NM. Unequivocal structural identification of these bioinorganic compounds, either simple coordination complexes ("essential radiopharmaceuticals") or more sophisticated structures carrying bioactive fragments ("receptor-specific" radiopharmaceuticals), can be realized in combination with multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. MS/MS experiments provide useful information on the different metal-ligand bond strength, and comparison of the fragmentation profiles of isostructural technetium and rhenium compounds give additional details on the role played by the metal in determining preferred decomposition channels. The analysis of these data contribute to design novel synthetic strategies for the obtainment of technetium and rhenium compounds relevant to NM. The chemistry underlying the production of a new class of potential radiopharmaceuticals including a terminal nitrogen bond and a mixed coordination sphere comprising heterodiphosphines and/or dithiocarbamates (DTC) is presented in detail together with the ESI-MS and MS/MS investigations.     

D-314树脂动态分离钼铼的研究

研究了D-314大孔聚丙烯酸阴离子交换树脂在中性体系中吸附、解吸钼和铼的条件和机制。结果表明,在常温下,溶液的pH=7.0,柱上流速为1.0ml.min-1时,D-314树脂分别对钼和铼有效吸附,然后用2%NH3.H2O-2%NH4NO3混合溶液,流速为4.0m.lmin-1,流出体积为16.5m.lmin-1,和6%NH3.H2O溶液,流速为2.0m.lmin-1,流出体积为13.0ml.min-1,分别对钼和铼进行淋洗解吸,分离系数KMo/Re=384,钼和铼各自的回收率分别为92.40%和83.96%。