铼离子液体的合成及表征

以高铼酸银为起始物,合成了在空气和湿气环境中稳定的新型稀散金属铼离子液体,并对其进行了核磁氢谱、拉曼光谱及DSC的表征,验证了所合成的离子液体结构的正确性,且离子液体的含水量小于0.7%,纯度较高.     

铼/铱发动机喷管研究最新进展

Re/Ir发动机是美国研制成功的应用于空间飞行器的第三代高性能发动机.作者对Re/Ir发动机的核心部件-Re/Ir喷管研究的国内外进展进行了简要的评述,内容包括:Re和Ir的性能;Re和Ir的CVD制备;Re/Ir喷管的制备;Re/Ir喷管的连接以及发动机工作寿命等.     

Refining Energy Levels in ReS2 Nanosheets by Low‐Valent Transition‐Metal Doping for Dual‐Boosted Electrochemical Ammonia/Hydrogen Production

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are intriguing approaches to nitrogen fixation and hydrogen production under ambient conditions, given the need to discover efficient and stable catalysts to light up the “green chemistry” future. However, bottlenecks are often found during N₂/H₂O activation, the very first step of NRR/HER, due to energetic electron injection from the surface of electrocatalysts. It is reported that the bottlenecks for both NRR and HER can be tackled by engineering the energy level via low‐valent transition‐metal doping, simultaneously, where rhenium disulfide (ReS₂) is employed as a model platform to prove the concept. The doped low‐valent transition‐metal domains (e.g., Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) in ReS₂ provide more active sites for N₂/H₂O chemisorption and electron transfer, not only weakening the N?N/O? H bonds for easier dissociation through proton coupling, but also elevating d‐band center toward the Fermi level with more electron energy for N₂/H₂O reduction. As a result, it is found that iron‐doped ReS₂ nanosheets wrapped nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofiber (Fe‐ReS₂@N‐CNF) catalyst exhibits superior electrochemical activity with eightfold higher ammonia production yield of 80.4 µg h^?1 mg^?1_cat., and lower onset overpotential of 146 mV and Tafel slope of 63 mV dec^?1, when comparing with the pristine ReS₂.     

长碳链烯烃歧化研究进展

目前,虽然直链烯烃歧化研究的重点仍是碳四烯烃歧化制丙烯技术,但是长碳链烯烃歧化研究已开始引起人们的重视。本文介绍了铼基催化剂、钼基催化剂和钨基催化剂催化长碳链烯烃歧化反应的研究进展。重点介绍了钨基催化剂上长碳链歧化研究状况,分别介绍了钨基催化剂上1-己烯自歧化、1-庚烯自歧化、1-辛烯自歧化的最优工艺条件研究以及预处理条件对钨基催化剂歧化性能的影响。同时分别介绍了含氧化合物对歧化催化剂中毒失活的研究以及钨基催化剂上结焦失活的研究状况。     

F-2型树脂吸附铼的研究

研究了F-2型阴离子交换树脂在弱酸体系中吸附、解吸铼的性能和机理.结果表明,H+浓度在0～0.4mol/L时对铼的吸附有利.树脂对铼的静态和动态的饱和吸附容量分别为每克干树脂169.31mg和175.43mg.淋洗剂选用2mol/L硫氰酸铵,流速2ml/min,回收率大于92%.     

Alkyne Metatheses in Transition Metal Coordination Spheres: Convenient Tungsten‐ and Molybdenum‐Catalyzed Syntheses of Novel Metallamacrocycles

Reactions of (CO)₅Re(Br), (η⁵‐C₅H₅)Ru(Cl)(PPh₃)₂, and [Pt(μ‐Cl)(C₆F₅)(S(CH₂CH₂‐)₂)]₂ with the alkyne‐containing phosphine Ph₂P(CH₂)₆C≡CCH₃ give the bis(phosphine) complexes fac‐(CO)₃Re(Br)(Ph₂P(CH₂)₆C≡CCH₃)₂ ( 5 ), (η⁵‐C₅H₅)Ru(Cl)(Ph₂P(CH₂)₆C≡CCH₃)₂ ( 6 ), and trans‐(Cl)(C₆F₅)Pt(Ph₂P(CH₂)₆C≡CCH₃)₂ ( 7 ). Alkyne metatheses with the catalyst (t‐BuO)₃W(≡C‐t‐Bu) (10–15 mol %, chlorobenzene, 80 °C) give the seventeen‐membered metallamacrocycles fac‐(CO)₃Re(Br)(Ph₂P(CH₂)₆CC(CH₂)₆P Ph₂) ( 8 ), (η⁵‐C₅H₅)Ru(Cl)(Ph₂P(CH₂)₆CC(CH₂)₆P Ph₂) ( 9 ), and trans‐(Cl)(C₆F₅)Pt(PPh₂(CH₂)₆CC(CH₂)₆P Ph₂) ( 10 ). ³¹P NMR analyses show 90–75% conversions to 8 – 10 (59–47% isolated after chromatography). The identity of 8 was confirmed by a crystal structure, and 10 was hydrogenated over Pd/C to fac‐(CO)₃Re(Br)(Ph₂P(CH₂)₆CC(CH₂)₆P Ph₂) ( 12 , 87%), which was crystallographically characterized earlier. A catalyst derived from Mo(CO)₆/4‐chlorophenol effects a slower conversion of 7 to 10 at 140 °C. In the case of 5 , a mer, trans isomer of 8 is isolated ( 11 , 44%), as established by NMR and IR data. In 10 – 12 , the diphosphines span trans positions. These results, together with previous examples involving group VIII metallocenes, establish the wide viability of the title reaction.     

Enrichment of 41K isotope in potassium formed on and in a rhenium electrode during plasma electrolysis in K2CO3/H2O and K2CO3/D2O solutions

It was found that potassium forms on rhenium electrodes during plasma electrolysis in K₂CO₃/H₂O and K₂CO₃/D₂O solutions, and the new potassium has unnatural isotopic ratios. The isotope ⁴¹K increases from the natural abundance, 6.7%, to as much as 32–37%. The percentage of ⁴¹K in the potassium contamination in a rhenium electrode before electrolysis was close to the natural isotopic abundance (6.7%). This result suggests that the ⁴¹K was enriched by some unknown process connected with a vigorous discharge of plasma electrolysis.     

富铼渣常压浸出工艺研究

采用双氧水常压氧化浸出富铼渣,考察液固比、双氧水用量、硫酸浓度、浸出温度和时间对铼浸出率的影响。结果表明,在液固比2∶1,双氧水体积为水2倍,硫酸浓度20g/L,室温下搅拌浸出2h的最优条件下,富铼渣中铼的综合平均浸出率达到96.52%。     

三道庄多金属共生矿综合利用浅析

三道庄钼钨矿床属多金属共生矿,介绍了三道庄钼钨矿床的地质构造特征,分析了资源开采的现状和存在的问题,并对资源综合利用的前景进行了展望。     

铼的资源、应用和提取

铼是一种重要的稀有金属,综述了铼的应用和国内外矿产和二次资源状况。介绍了从矿山和二次资源中生产铼的主要工艺流程,重点介绍了从Pt/Re重整废催化剂中回收铂和铼。