环形孔径对部分相干光光谱的影响

本文推导了部分相干光在经过环形孔径之后,远场轴上点的光谱S(ω)与环形孔径处光的光谱S~(0)(ω)之间的关系。数值计算结果表明,S(ω)不仅依赖于S~(0)(ω),而且还与环形孔径处光的相干性以及环形孔径的参数有关。     

反馈移位寄存器非奇异性判定

本文给出一般有限域GF(q)上次数不超过3的反馈移位寄存器非奇异的充分和必要条件。     

钡钨阴极表面的光电子谱研究

用XPS,APES和ARPES分析技术综合探测了钡钨阴极(包括铝酸盐、钨酸盐和钪酸盐阴极)的表面化学,获得了一些新的结果。实验表明:阴极表面光电子谱峰的形貌特征与阴极的激活状态呈对应的关系;激活后钡钨阴极表面的钨是单一金属态,钡呈现氧化态。     

光外差系统噪声等效功率的一种测量方法

本文介绍了利用工作于Bragg衍射的Ge晶体声光调制器作为外差系统中的频移器来测量外差系统的噪声等效功率(NEP)的方法。该方法具有测试系统简单、信号光功率、偏频可调的优点。实验测试与理论分析吻合。     

The influence of carbonate rock on the processes of oil transformation

The study of the processes of crude oil transformation in carbonate rock was carried out on the “oil – carbonate rock” model systems. For the study, oils of different chemical composition recovered from both terrigenous and carbonate reservoirs, and rock from carbonate reservoir were selected. It was shown that not all oils were subjected the catalytic action of carbonate rock. In oils that have experienced the catalytic action of carbonate rock the content of aromatic hydrocarbons decreased significantly and the content of non-polar resins increased. In carbonate rock, in addition to calcite and aragonite the montmorillonite was detected and it was supposed that the catalytic effect of the carbonate rock was due to this clay mineral. It was found that the oil transformation in the carbonate rock did not require much time and high temperature, and also that the oil recovered from the carbonate reservoir was resistant to the catalytic action of the carbonate rock.     

REGIONAL 3D MODELLING OF THE PERMO‐CARBONIFEROUS AL KHLATA FORMATION IN THE RIMA AREA,EASTERN FLANK OF THE SOUTH OMAN SALT BASIN

The glaciogenic Al Khlata Formation (Late Carboniferous – Early Permian) contains important reservoir and seal intervals in oil fields in southern Oman. Here we describe a 3D regional geological model of the Al Khlata Formation and the underlying Misfar Group in a 1750 km² area in the Eastern Flank of the South Oman Salt Basin. The Misfar Group (Devonian‐Carboniferous?) was included in the model because it also contains glaciogenic facies in the study area. The 3D model is based on wireline logs from 42 wells, palynological zonation in 31 wells, cores from three wells, and a 2011 3D seismic dataset from which three horizons (top‐Huqf, top‐Rahab Shale and top‐Gharif) were interpreted throughout the study area. The combined Al Khlata and Misfar interval varies in thickness in the area from 20 to 730 m over relatively short distances. These large variations in thickness were due to the creation of accommodation in mini‐basins resulting from the removal of underlying Infracambrian salt at the basin margin. In places, some of the available accommodation was occupied by Cambrian sandstones of the Nimr Group and Haima Supergroup, influencing the location and thickness of the Al Khlata mini‐basins. These local depocentres vary in scale, shape and orientation relative to the present‐day salt edge: some are ovoid in plan‐view, others more linear and parallel to the salt edge, and one takes the form of a narrow graben almost perpendicular to the salt edge. By the Early Permian, towards the end of Al Khlata time, deposits become more blanket‐like and uniform, indicating an external or more regional control on base level. Four key lithofacies have been distinguished from wireline logs and were populated zone‐by‐zone through the geological model: sandstone (reservoir), shale (seal), and sandy and silty diamictite. Sandstones are most common towards the base of the Misfar – Al Khlata interval and shales towards the top. The Rahab Shale (Early Permian) at the top of the Al Khlata Formation forms an important seal for oil fields in South Oman, often in combination with seals in overlying intervals. The Rahab Shale was the first widespread seal to be deposited which may have trapped oil migrating from the South Oman Salt Basin during the Palaeozoic. The most common lithofacies in the Misfar – Al Khlata interval in the modelled area is diamictite (60%), which is normally considered to be a waste‐rock lithology. However thick silty diamictites of sufficient extent can seal hydrocarbon accumulations, and some sandy diamictites have the potential to be unconventional reservoir rocks. Even after 50 years of exploration and production of oil from the Al Khlata Formation, there remains potential for further discoveries and overlooked pay zones due to its heterogeneous character and the occurrence of intra‐formational seals.     

西西伯利亚含油气省北部侏罗系油气藏的渗容特征随埋深的变化规律

在侏罗系油气藏地区划分和对大量分析资料(约8000有效孔隙度和粒间渗透率样品)分析的基础上,阐明了侏罗系粒状储集层的渗容特征,并查明了它们随埋藏深度而变化的规律。指出,侏罗系油藏储集层总的特点是具有中、低孔隙度和较低、低的渗透率。在区域性的油气藏中,牛津阶和巴统阶具有最大的渗容值,而阿林巴依奥斯阶和托阿尔阶的渗容值较低,普林斯巴赫和赫唐- 辛涅缪尔阶渗容值最低,而生产层Ю11- Ю14、Ю2、Ю3 层的特点是中等孔隙度和中等、较低的渗透率。油气藏储集层的渗容值取决于储集层的埋深,上侏罗统砂具有中等有效孔隙度和粒间渗透率,孔隙度由14.2%降至 11.2%,粒间渗透率由 19.62×10-3μm2,降至 236×10-3μm2,而下侏罗统在2750—3750m,有效孔隙由 14.8%降至7%,粒间渗透率由7.90×10-3μm2 降至 0.03×10-3μm2,4250m以下,侏罗系粒状储集层的分布空间有限,其含油气远景可能与欠压实次生作用和裂隙型储集层的发育带有关。随着储集层埋深的加大,渗容值降低,这主要与上覆地层压力作用下的压实作用有关。     

PDC切削齿破岩受力的数值模拟研究

对PDC切削齿破岩过程中与岩石之间的相互作用，给出了摩擦接触有限元的分析方法，采用粘-滑摩擦模型模拟接触状态，并用罚函数与拉格朗日组合法进行求解。研究了PDC切削齿的负前角、切削深度等对PDC切削齿和岩石受力的影响作用规律。数值计算的结果较真实地反映了PDC切削齿破岩过程中所受接触压力、有效应力和摩阻应力的分布变化情况，据此给出了实际可用的建议。研究结果为PDC破岩工具的设计和应用提供了依据。     

水力机械联合破岩主要配合参数的实验研究

为提高钻井速度,掌握水力机械联合破岩规律,开展了水力机械联合破岩主要配合参数的实验研究。利用水力机械联合破岩实验装置,模拟井底实际钻进工况,得出了不同破岩方式、射流相对于齿的位置、射流与齿间距和围压4个参数对联合破岩效果的影响规律。研究结果表明:水力机械联合破岩工作方式要优于单射流或单钻齿工作方式;射流在齿后喷射的破岩效果要优于射流在齿前喷射的破岩效果;其它参数一定的情况下,随着围压的增大,联合破岩效果降低,但降低的幅度逐渐变小;增加射流压力,也将增大水力机械联合破岩效果;当射流与齿间距大于3 mm时,随着射流与齿间距的增大,联合破岩效果越差。     

金衢盆地上震旦统和古生界烃源岩演化程度研究

金衢盆地的烃源岩主要有2套:一套是盆地基底海相地层,另一套是内陆盆地相地层。其中海相地层中的主力烃源岩层为上震旦统和上古生界石炭―二叠系。以镜质体反射率、热解、牙形刺、孢粉作为划分的主要依据,研究了金衢盆地上震旦统和古生界烃源岩的演化程度。