一种基于缆索的堆石混凝土堆石入仓方式及应用

堆石入仓主要解决的是堆石垂直、水平、上下游方向的三维运输问题,基于安徽大龙潭水库拱坝除险加固工程的应用实例,介绍了一种基于缆索的堆石混凝土堆石入仓方式,包括设备构造和堆石流程。经过对比分析该堆石入仓方式与塔吊堆石入仓方式、长臂挖机堆石入仓方式的运行效率和成本,得出结论:基于缆索的堆石入仓方式适用于不具备自卸汽车入仓条件、工期较长、施工速度要求不高的堆石混凝土施工。     

潍北凹陷孔二段有效烃源岩再认识

潍北凹陷烃源岩类型丰富,不同类型烃源岩生烃潜力差别较大,但录井岩性与镜下观察存在较多偏差,有必要对其进行重新识别区分。通过对烃源岩取心样品的微观识别,将潍北凹陷孔二段烃源岩划分为灰质泥岩、油页岩和暗色泥岩三类,结合地化分析明确了不同种类烃源岩的生烃潜力,通过岩心标定测井,对各种烃源岩进行了测井识别区分,通过引入△logR模型对暗色泥岩中的有机碳总量进行计算,对有效烃源岩进行了识别,进而明确了优质烃源岩主要分布在盆地中北部,为选择勘探方向奠定了基础。     

A study of some Egyptian carbonate rocks for the building construction industry

A number of geotechnical analyses were carried out on selected carbonate rock samples from eight sites located in Egypt. This analysis was to assess the suitability of these rocks for building construction aggregate. The analyses included properties of uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, porosity, water absorption, and dynamic fragmentation. The success of building construction depends to a large extent on the availability of raw materials at affordable prices. Raw materials commonly used in the building industry include sands, gravels, clays and clay-derived products. Despite the widespread occurrence of carbonate rocks throughout Egypt, the low premium placed on their direct application in the building sector may be explained in two ways: firstly, the lack of awareness of the potential uses of carbonate rocks in the building construction industry (beyond the production of asbestos, ceiling boards, roof sheets and Portland cement); and secondly, the aesthetic application of carbonate rocks in the building construction depends mainly on their physical attributes, a knowledge of which is generally restricted to within the confines of research laboratories and industries. Thus this paper addresses the physical and mechanical characteristics of some Egyptian carbonate rocks, evaluating them for their suitability as building construction aggregates.     

Rare Earths, Trace Element Characteristics of High-Mg Volcanic Rocks of Yixian Formation in Sihetun West Liaoning Province and Its Apocalypse

The high-Mg volcanic rocks of the Yixian Formation in the Sihetun area have the obvious characteristics of mantle-derived lava in rare earth, trace element characteristics with high Mg# (62～70) and high content of compatible elements. In the meantime, the volcanic rocks also have the obvious characteristics of Crust-source material in rare earth, trace element characteristics with high ∑REE (158.78×10-6～359.66×10-6), high (La/Yb)N (14.61～29.60), high La/Nb(2.37～7.52) and high Ba/Nb(67.58～205.96), obvious positive anomaly of Pb and negative anomaly of Nb, Ta in trace element spider-gram. In Sr-Nd-Pb isotope the (87Sr/86Sr)i ratio is higher than 0.706 and the εNd(t) ratio is from -3.4 to -13, both reflect enriched Mantle characteristics. The characteristics above of the volcanic rocks combined with the content of Sr, Ba, Y, Yb and the ratio of Sr/Y show that the volcanic rocks have the property of the Sanukite rocks in Setouchi Japan beside subduction zone, and illuminate that the Sanukite rocks can be formed not only in island-arc near subduction zone but also in intro-plate. The analysis indicates that the high-Mg volcanic rocks in the Sihetun area result from the collective function of mantle-derived lava and crust-source materials. The result illuminates that the West Liaoning region is very special in tectonic geochemical background in Cretaceous in East China, and is an ideal region for us to further study the characteristics of magmatic activity as well as the process of Crust-Mantle interaction in Eastern China.     

根据钻孔资料确定地下岩层产状——通用地质坐标系应用实例(之四)

根据钻孔资料确定地下岩层产状是一个比较复杂的问题。利用赤平极射投影网上的小圆相交方法,可以求得倾斜钻孔资料地下岩层的可能产状,但赤平极射投影网上的小圆作图比较复杂。利用通用地质坐标系可直接在球面投影上计算出两个小圆的交点,能更快更准确地得到结果。     

克拉玛依油田石炭系火山岩区断层封闭性研究

为填补克拉玛依油田火山岩断裂封闭机理及定量评价研究的空白,在解剖典型火山岩油藏的基础上,应用综合因子法,综合考虑断面正压力(σ)、断裂带泥质充填物含量(Rm)、断层紧闭指数(I),结合了流体指数F对克拉玛依地区4条主要断层的封闭性进行评价,结果表明,综合因子Q与断裂封闭性有正相关关系,克拉玛依地区由东南向西北,断裂级别依次减小,断层封闭性逐渐变差。综合因子法的评价结果与实际地质情况较相符,可作为火山岩区断层封闭性的评价方法进行推广。     

The influences of textural parameters of grains on the LCPC abrasivity of coarse-grained igneous rocks

Rock abrasivity causes the tool wear in rock excavation or drilling. The understanding of wear mechanism is important for the cost estimation and planning of projects. In this study, the effects of textural properties of grains such as aspect ratio, roundness, and diameter on the LCPC abrasivity coefficient (LAC) were investigated for coarse-grained igneous rocks. First, the LAC was correlated to the abrasive mineral content (AMC) and a good correlation was found between the two parameters. Then, the LAC was correlated to the AMC multiplied by the textural properties of grains, respectively. Compared to the correlation coefficient of the relation between the LAC and the AMC, the correlation coefficient was increased by including the textural properties of grains to the correlation. A combined parameter called shape and size coefficient (SSC) was defined in order to see the combined effect of the textural properties of grains on the LAC. The correlation coefficient of the relation between the LAC and the AMC multiplied by the SSC is very strong and fairly higher than that of the previous correlations derived. It can be concluded that the textural properties of loosened materials have a strong influence on the tool wear.     

LA-ICP MS Characteristic of Geochemical Composition of Veins Rocks from the Central Part of the Khibina Massive in Kola Peninsula,Northern Russia

This paper discusses the vein rocks located in the central part of Khibina Mts.. These rocks are located on the border of two zones： ore and external. In the ore, zone is present titanite-nepheline bodies whilst in the outer zone are massive-syenites ＂khibinites＂. The veins can be divided into： mikrosyenites, melteigites and other rock types （e.g., tinguaites）. The results of LA-ICP MS （laser ablation of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry） indicate that these rocks are associated with deep zones which formed as a result of injection of primary magma and contamination of fluids during migration, where there have hydrothermal processes. Rock-forming minerals, their corrosion and accessory minerals indicate these processes, too.     

Ex situ mineral carbonation for CO2 mitigation: Evaluation of mining waste resources,aqueous carbonation processability and life cycle assessment (Carmex project)

This article presents the main outputs from the multidisciplinary Carmex project (2009–2012), which was concerned with the possibility of applying ex situ mineral carbonation concepts to mafic/ultramafic mining wastes. Focus points of the project included (i) matching significant and accessible mining wastes to large CO₂ emitters through a dedicated geographical information system (GIS), (ii) analysis of aqueous carbonation mechanisms of mining waste and process development and (iii) environmental assessment of ex situ mining waste carbonation through life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. With a number of materials associated with the mining sector, the project took a close look at the aqueous carbonation mechanisms for these materials and obtained unexpected carbonation levels (up to 80%) by coupling mechanical exfoliation and reactive carbonation. Results from this work support the possibility of processing serpentine-rich peridotites without applying the classical first step of heat activation. Perspectives are also given for the carbonation of Ni-pyrometallurgical slag available closed to ultramafic mining residues. LCA of the mining waste carbonation system as a whole made it clear that the viability of this CO₂ storage option lies with the carbonation process itself and optimisation of its operating conditions. By combining the body of knowledge acquired by this project, it is concluded that New Caledonia, with its insularity and local abundance of ‘carbonable’ rocks and industrial wastes coupled with significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from world-class nickel pyro and hydrometallurgical industries stands out as a strong potential candidate for application of ex situ mineral carbonation.