水工监测传感器指标使用误区的探讨

本文旨在讨论目前岩土工程中使用的传感器技术指标及其含义，希望通过探讨以弄清楚这些指标的含义及指标对评价传感器的意义。由于传感器是用于测量工程物理量的，因此，引人目前在国际上通用的测量与误差的概念，以国家现有的测量术语的定义为准来描述传感器的指标。     

New approaches for error estimation and adaptivity for 2D potential boundary element methods

This work presents two new error estimation approaches for the BEM applied to 2D potential problems. The first approach involves a local error estimator based on a gradient recovery procedure in which the error function is generated from differences between smoothed and non‐smoothed rates of change of boundary variables in the local tangential direction. The second approach involves the external problem formulation and gives both local and global measures of error, depending on a choice of the external evaluation point. These approaches are post‐processing procedures. Both estimators show consistency with mesh refinement and give similar qualitative results. The error estimator using the gradient recovery approach is more general, as this formulation does not rely on an ‘optimal’ choice of an external parameter. This work presents also the use of a local error estimator in an adaptive mesh refinement procedure. This r‐refinement approach is based on the minimization of the standard deviation of the local error estimate. A non‐linear programming procedure using a feasible‐point method is employed using Lagrange multipliers and a set of active constraints. The optimization procedure produces finer meshes close to a singularity and results that are consistent with the problem physics. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Concurrent error detection of fault-based side-channel cryptanalysis of 128-bit RC6 block cipher

Fault-based side channel cryptanalysis is very effective against symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms. Although straightforward hardware and time redundancy based concurrent error detection (CED) architectures can be used to thwart such attacks, they entail significant overhead (either area or performance). In this paper we investigate two systematic approaches to low-cost, low-latency CED for symmetric encryption algorithm RC6. The proposed techniques have been validated on FPGA implementations of RC6, one of the advanced encryption standard finalists.     

A parametric interpolator with confined chord errors, acceleration and deceleration for NC machining

Parametric interpolation has many advantages over linear interpolation in machining curves. Real time parametric interpolation research so far has addressed achieving a uniform feed rate, confined chord errors and jerk limited trajectory planning. However, simultaneous consideration of confined chord errors that respect the acceleration and deceleration capabilities of the machine has not been attempted. In this paper, the offline detection of feed rate sensitive corners is proposed. The velocity profile in these zones is planned so that chord errors are satisfied while simultaneously accommodating the machine's acceleration and deceleration limits. Outside the zone of the feed rate sensitive corners, the feed rate is planned using the Taylor approximation. Simulation results indicate that the offline detection of feed rate sensitive corners improves parametric interpolation. For real time interpolation, the parametric curve information can be augmented with the detected feed rate sensitive corners that are stored in 2×2 matrices.     

Study on the Intelligent System of Gear Pitch Deviation Measurement and Analysis

The intelligent controlling and data process of pitch error measurement is proposed. The whole system takes C++ as the development tool and takes advantages of object-oriented and visualization, having the advantages of easy operation and humanistic interface. In the meanwhile, the system can be complemented and improved according to the demand of user, having certain independence. The research of the system provides an efficient and reliable way to measure and analyze the gear pitch, which can be referenced in the future research.     

Method of Reducing Error in Calculations of Active Power from Signal Samples

The paper presents the results of investigations into several methods of calculating the active power value from current and voltage signal samples. The accuracy attainable for nonsinusoidal signals whose frequency differs from the nominal one was determined. A new active power calculation method ensuring accurate results for sampling over two signal periods is proposed. The method uses a very simple computing algorithm.     

水上地震折射互换法误差分析

在理论上，用源检互换的方法进行折射地震勘探是没有误差的，在某些特殊条件下无法铺设检波器而又必须进行折射地震勘探时它也是唯一的选择，然而，在实际工作中，由于各种因素的影响，其误差是不可忽略的。为此，本文从地震折射运动学的角度对水上地震折射互换法因过河钢丝绳的重量、水的流速和流向、炮点深度等客观因素造成的解释误差进行了分析，揭示了水上地震折射互换法应注意的问题。这对水上地震折射互换法的资料解释进行误差校正提供了理论基础。     

Estimation of errors of hydrogen standard time scale preservation taking account of systematic frequency changes

Metrological characteristics of active hydrogen frequency standards are investigated on the basis of internal and external comparisons. The stability of random changes and drift of hydrogen frequency standards and also the potential capabilities of time scale preservation with effective consideration of systematic changes in their frequency are demonstrated. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 3. pp. 42–45, March, 2007.     

在以纯碱为原料的非强酸性水溶液体系中采用酸碱滴定分析的误差来源及分析方法的改进

以三聚磷酸钠生产过程为例,论述了在以纯碱为原料的非强酸性水溶液体系中,由于反应不完全导致反应物中存在少量的碳酸盐,这部分碳酸盐干扰了用酸碱滴定法测量的中和度,并据此提出中和度分析改进方法.由此可以推广到其它以纯碱为原料的非强酸性水溶液体系中.     

影响GPS水准高程的因素及高程拟合方法的探讨

在简单介绍高程系统的基础上，对影响GPS高程精度的几何水准联测误差、卫星分布不对称、星历误差、多路径误差等因素逐一进行了分析，并提出了相应的改进措施。同时，还对高程拟合使用的稳健估计方法进行了探讨。