丁苯吡乳液聚合的工程放大研究

在高湿丁苯吡胶乳聚合配方和工艺条件的基础上,根据乳液聚合工程放大的要求,对中试装置的操作弹性和体系的适应性进行了考察,对与乳液聚合工程放大有关的几个重要参数进行了确定和讨论,确定了丁苯吡乳液聚合的工程放大准则,为丁苯吡胶乳的工业化提供了依据。     

液滴微流控的集成化放大方法研究进展

相比于传统乳化方法,液滴微流控技术可以在微通道内可控制备单分散液滴模板用于合成各种功能微球,被广泛应用于生物、医疗、制药、环境等领域。由于单个液滴制备微流控单元的产量低,液滴微流控的集成化放大成为了液滴微流控技术面向工业应用的技术难点。本文综述了近年来液滴微流控集成化放大方法的研究进展,重点介绍了不同类型液滴制备微流控单元集成化放大的研究进展,包括基于剪切力形成液滴、基于界面张力形成液滴和基于被动分裂形成液滴的液滴制备微流控单元的集成化放大方法。     

煤制烯烃基长链烷基二甲苯合成研究

采用无水三氯化铝与多卤代烷组成的络合物催化体系，研究了以煤制烯烃某一馏分段和混合二甲苯为原料合成煤制烯烃基长链烷基二甲苯。采用条件实验法得出的较佳工艺参数是：起始反应温度为室温，混合二甲苯/煤制烯烃的质量比为2∶3，相当于物质的量之比2.2～2.5∶1，催化剂用量为反应液总量的1/110(质量分数)，反应时间为60 min，得到的长链烷基二甲苯的含量在80%以上；计算得到其平均分子量约为302.5，相当于十四烷基二甲苯的平均分子量，具有一定的分子量分布，是更好的生产烷基芳基磺酸盐的原料，并在30 L反应器中进行了放大实验。     

环氧乙烷氨化制乙醇胺ZSM-5沸石催化剂扩试研究

以特定无定形氧化硅小球为前体,优化沸石分子筛晶化工艺条件,成功用5 m~3晶化釜完成无定形氧化硅小球向ZSM-5分子筛整体转晶的扩试放大研究,再经氨交换及焙烧等过程制备环氧乙烷氨化制乙醇胺催化剂。XRD、SEM、低温N_2吸附-脱附等表征结果显示扩试催化剂的物化数据与小试催化剂基本一致。考察n(NH_3)∶n(环氧乙烷)对吨级扩试催化剂性能的影响,并进行1 000 h稳定性实验,在设计工艺条件下,吨级扩试催化剂性能可达到小试催化剂水平,且稳定性良好。     

Computational study of the effect of processing parameters on the formation and growth of ZrO2 nanoparticles in FSP process

Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) offers a proven and inexpensive route for nanoparticle production. To date, the research on FSP made nanoparticles was focused mostly on the lab scale and medium scale production. Scale-up requirements for FSP process control need to be developed to define the operation window at industrial scale production rate. In this work, FSP synthesis of ZrO₂ particles has been addressed from a process intensification perspective, since FSP characteristics perfectly fit into several fundamental process intensification aspects. The possible solutions for the precursor delivery system and the atomization quality at high precursor concentrations were investigated to intensify the production rate and reduce the cost of an additional solvent. The simulation results showed that the particle size could be controlled at near a constant (∼20 nm) while the production rate was intensified by a factor of 5. Finally, the potential of gas to liquid flow ratio (GLFR) and replacing oxygen dispersion gas by air for further reducing the particle size and the production cost were investigated. The simulation results can be used as a framework of PI in FSP process design at industrial scale production.     

高酸值废弃油脂制备生物柴油的预酯化

为了有效解决现有酯化体系中存在反应慢、时间长、产能低等问题,提出了一种高温下甲醇连续酯化反应的新技术,并采用该技术以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂催化高酸值废弃油脂预酯化试验研究。系统讨论了不同酯化方法对反应的影响,并着重研究了工艺条件对预酯化效果的影响。实验结果表明:高温下甲醇连续酯化的新技术可显著提高酯化反应效率,在反应温度120℃、甲醇流量4.0mL/min、催化剂加入量0.8%的条件下,酯化率达98.8%以上,可将油脂的酸值降至1.0mgKOH/g以下,满足下一步酯交换制备生物柴油的要求;并基于实验研究的基础上将该技术工艺对不同酸值的废弃油脂进行了放大试验研究,皆取得了较好的酯化效果,为产业化、规模化的应用提供理论依据和参数指导。     

高山被孢霉发酵生产花生四烯酸发酵条件优化

通过对一株高山被孢霉菌株（Mortierella alpina）发酵生产花生四烯酸（ARA）的摇瓶培养研究,以菌体干质量、出油率和ARA含量为标准,确定了其最佳发酵工艺条件。摇床实验确定的最佳培养条件为摇床转速180 r/min,培养基碳氮比为3.0,发酵温度为26 ℃,pH 值为6.2,发酵周期为5 d。在此发酵条件下,在10 L自动发酵罐进行放大发酵试验,菌体干质量、出油率和ARA含量分别高达45.4 g/L、24.1 g/L和49.6%。     

KYF-160型浮选机工业试验研究

系统地研究和分析了第一台由我国设计制造的大型浮选机KYF-160型浮选机的带矿性能和工业应用效果,测定了浮选机的全负荷启动能力、矿浆悬浮能力、功耗和对不同粒级矿物的分选效果,工业应用效果表明,该机的工艺性能达到了国际先进水平。     

Palladium based membranes and membrane reactors for hydrogen production and purification: An overview of research activities at Tecnalia and TU/e

In this paper, the main achievements of several European research projects on Pd based membranes and Pd membrane reactors for hydrogen production are reported. Pd-based membranes have received an increasing interest for separation and purification of hydrogen. In addition, the integration of such membranes in membrane reactors has been widely studied for enhancing the efficiency of several dehydrogenation reactions. The integration of reaction and separation in one multifunctional reactor allows obtaining higher conversion degrees, smaller reactor volumes and higher efficiencies compared with conventional systems. In the last decade, much thinner dense Pd-based membranes have been produced that can be used in membrane reactors. However, the thinner the membranes the higher the flux and the higher the effect of concentration polarization in packed bed membrane reactors. A reactor concept that can circumvent (or at least strongly reduce) concentration polarization is the fluidized bed membrane reactor configuration, which improves the heat transfer as well. Tecnalia and TU/e are involved in several European projects that are related to development of fluidized bed membrane reactors for hydrogen production using thin Pd-based (<5 μm) supported membranes for different application: In DEMCAMER project a water gas shift (WGS) membrane reactor was developed for high purity hydrogen production. ReforCELL aims at developing a high efficient heat and power micro-cogeneration system (m-CHP) using a methane reforming fluidized membrane reactor. The main objective of FERRET is the development of a flexible natural gas membrane reformer directly linked to the fuel processor of the micro-CHP system. FluidCELL aims the Proof-of-Concept of a m-CHP system for decentralized off-grid using a bioethanol reforming membrane reactor. BIONICO aims at applying membrane reactors for biogas conversion to hydrogen. The fluidized bed system allows operating at a virtually uniform temperature which is beneficial in terms of both membrane stability and durability and for the reaction selectivity and yield.     

烟曲霉素5 L罐发酵条件优化及中试

以烟曲霉（Aspergillus fumigatus）CEA-1701为生产菌株,通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）法测定发酵液中烟曲霉素的含量,考察碳源、pH值、搅拌速度、发酵温度和接种量对5 L发酵罐中烟曲霉素产量的影响,优化了5 L罐的发酵工艺条件。结果表明,甘油作为唯一的碳源,发酵温度30 ℃,搅拌速度800 r/min,接种量为3%,自然pH条件下,通气量0.5 m3/h,烟曲霉CEA-1701产烟曲霉素效果理想,发酵168 h烟曲霉素产量达到97.76 mg/L。将优化后的工艺进行20 L罐的放大试验,0.5%接种量发酵252 h时烟曲霉素获得最高产量达到130.57 mg/L,中试放大效果良好。