多功能油层保护剂JQD的研制与应用

针对新疆小拐油田裂缝-孔隙型储层特点,开发研制了一种新型的兼具防漏堵漏及油层保护功能的JQD处理剂。该处理剂具有较好的油溶率、酸溶率,与现有钻井完井液体系配伍性良好,加工粒径可调,对1—4mm的裂缝堵漏效果良好。动态损害实验表明,JQD体系的岩心渗透率恢复值不小于80％。现场试验三口表明,JQD与钻井液配伍性良好,防漏堵漏效果显著,性能调整及维护方便,起下钻及电测顺利。三口井投产后,两口井产量分别为30和28t/d,一口井产气量为1.1×10~4m~3/d,说明储层得到了有效的保护,实现了“堵得住、解得开”的目标。     

塔里木盆地志留系热液碎屑岩储层:证据、矿物组合及油气地质意义

根据岩心观察、扫描电镜、能谱分析、显微薄片观察及流体包裹体测温显示的岩石宏观与微观特征、矿物组合、自生矿物形成温度等,认为塔里木盆地存在热液碎屑岩储层.热液碎屑岩岩石学证据主要体现在塔中地区中1井志留系柯坪塔格组碎屑岩中发育的基性侵入岩夹层、热液角砾岩、热炙烤现象及热液溶蚀孔洞等;在塔里木盆地中部的塔中地区和顺托果勒地区柯坪塔格组可识别出3种热液矿物组合.综合前人研究成果,认为热液的侵入主要发生于二叠纪,造成储集岩孔隙流体离子环境紊乱,溶解作用的发生促进了次生孔隙发育,并沉淀了热液矿物,总体上改善了碎屑岩储层,是塔里木盆地柯坪塔格组碎屑岩储层不可忽视的影响因素.热液侵入对已形成的古油藏产生破坏作用,并在志留系沥青砂岩生成过程中产生重要作用.     

新型核壳结构体膨堵漏剂STP的研究

由于目前普遍使用的桥塞堵漏剂在变形性和膨胀性方面都还存在较大的缺陷,因此开发出了新型体膨堵漏剂STP.该堵漏剂采取核壳结构模式,其核物质采用无机矿物质,可以增加堵漏剂的强度、调节堵漏剂的密度,且来源广泛便于控制成本;其壳物质采用了水溶性单体和疏水性单体共聚形成两亲互穿式网络聚合物结构,表面采用感温类疏水物质进一步改性,解决聚合体吸水无限膨胀与抗温的技术问题;其粒径可根据实际需要做任意加工处理,其膨胀性受颗粒大小的影响程度小,在0～3 h期间可持续膨胀,体积膨胀倍数可达到4～8倍,颗粒密度可根据需要在1.20～1.67 g/cm3范围内调整;可通过控制不同的碱量来控制膨胀体的膨胀倍数和膨胀速度,可利用井内温度提高膨胀量,与常规综合堵漏剂配合使用能大幅度减少漏失量和提高承压能力.     

Primary Aldosteronism and Resistant Hypertension: A Pathophysiological Insight

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a pathological condition characterized by an excessive aldosterone secretion; once thought to be rare, PA is now recognized as the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Its prevalence increases with the severity of hypertension, reaching up to 29.1% in patients with resistant hypertension (RH). Both PA and RH are “high-risk phenotypes”, associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to non-PA and non-RH patients. Aldosterone excess, as occurs in PA, can contribute to the development of a RH phenotype through several mechanisms. First, inappropriate aldosterone levels with respect to the hydro-electrolytic status of the individual can cause salt retention and volume expansion by inducing sodium and water reabsorption in the kidney. Moreover, a growing body of evidence has highlighted the detrimental consequences of “non-classical” effects of aldosterone in several target tissues. Aldosterone-induced vascular remodeling, sympathetic overactivity, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue dysfunction can further contribute to the worsening of arterial hypertension and to the development of drug-resistance. In addition, the pro-oxidative, pro-fibrotic, and pro-inflammatory effects of aldosterone may aggravate end-organ damage, thereby perpetuating a vicious cycle that eventually leads to a more severe hypertensive phenotype. Finally, neither the pathophysiological mechanisms mediating aldosterone-driven blood pressure rise, nor those mediating aldosterone-driven end-organ damage, are specifically blocked by standard first-line anti-hypertensive drugs, which might further account for the drug-resistant phenotype that frequently characterizes PA patients.     

砂土强度和剪胀性的颗粒力学分析

基于广义塑性理论与临界状态概念,研究提出了一个统一三维砂土本构模型,通过一组参数实现了砂土由压缩至剪切过程中状态参量的统一表述。基于ABAQUS提供的用户自定义材料子程序UMAT接口,利用Fortran语言编程实现了该三维弹塑性本构关系模型在软件中的二次开发。分别利用Toyoura砂、Fuji River砂以及Tokachi砂的剪切试验数据与数值模拟结果进行对比,结果表明：提出的有限元计算模型可以有效反映加载过程中不同围压和砂土初始密度对应力-应变曲线的影响,能够准确描述密砂的剪胀特性与应变软化特性以及松砂的剪缩特性与应变硬化特性,从而更加真实地反映三维应力状态下土的变形和强度特性。研究成果进一步扩展了ABAQUS在岩土工程中的应用范围,能够为岩土工程领域的数值分析计算提供更加快捷的解决方案。     

企业要有“三品”在手——PCB企业的软实力(7)

文章概要地说明PCB企业掌握三品的重要性。企业掌握了三品就掌握了市场的现在和未来,使企业永远处于良性循环的发展之中。     

Accurate low complexity modeling of twisted pairs suitable for G.fast frequencies

As the higher and higher frequency bands of existing metallic cables in access networks are being continuously exploited by modern transmission technologies, such as the G.fast, the necessity of providing accurate and suitable modeling of their transmission characteristics is evident. Therefore, this paper is focused on modeling of a propagation constant of twisted pairs and metallic cables at high frequencies up to 250 MHz, and an innovative arsinh model is proposed and described. This new model is based on an idea of adopting inverse hyperbolic sine function for modeling of both secondary line coefficients, attenuation constant and phase constant, and its main motivation is to provide their accurate estimations for G.fast frequencies up to 250 MHz for various types of metallic cables while maintaining a low computational complexity. The proposed model was compared with numerous characteristics measured for various real metallic cables as well as with several existing models in order to illustrate its potential. The results, which are presented within this paper, clearly illustrate that the proposed arsinh model generally outperforms existing standard models based on the equal number of required parameters. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

PVT生长掺V SiC单晶的扫描电镜二次电子像衬度

在用SEM观察沿单晶生长方向切割掺V SiC晶片时,发现其二次电子像存在衬度。表现为先生长部分较明亮,后生长部分较暗淡,中间存在明显突变。在用PVT生长掺V SiC单晶时,SiC单晶中同时含有浅施主N和深受主杂质V是补偿半导体。从补偿半导体载流子浓度计算出发,建立了二次电子像衬度与载流子浓度的对应关系,很好解释了这一实验现象。结果表明,SiC单晶生长过程中随着浅施主N的减少,n型载流子的浓度逐步减少;当其浓度与V相当时,载流子浓度突变,可瞬间减少10个量级,此后又缓慢减少。正是这种载流子的突变引发了扫描电镜二次电子像衬度。     

单脉冲二次监视雷达精度的提高

测量精度是单脉冲二次监视雷达的关键指标,在空中交通日益繁忙的情况下如何提高测量精度是急需解决的问题。文中分析了单脉冲二次监视雷达测量误差的来源和构成,对影响雷达距离测量精度和方位测量精度的主要误差项进行了详细的计算。结合工程实践,给出了提高精度的具体方法。     

NEW METHOD FOR MEASURING SECONDARY ELECTRON EMISSION OF THERMIONIC CATHODE AND ITS APPLICATION

By using correlation-detection technique and improving structure of the test tube,the background noise of thermionic-electrons and space charge effect are restrained.The sec-ondary emission coefficient δ of thermionic cathode at high temperature has been studied.Theδ of impregnated scandate cathodes increases exponentially with increasing temperature at lowenergy and current of the bombardment electrons;at high energy or current of the bombardmentelectrons the temperature has little effect on δ.The research shows that an enhanced thermionicemission occurred when the cathode works at high temperature and under electron bombardment.These phenomena are discussed in terms of “internal field model”.