连续化制钛方法（2）

主要论述了一种连续化电解具有导电性的熔融钛渣之类的含钛混合氧化物熔液，从而制取金属钛或钛合金的专利方法，并对该方法的技术可能性和经济性进行了分析和评价。     

水煤浆管内流动的相似准数及其阻力特性

在分析水煤浆“滑移层”内流动的基础上,导出了表征水煤浆流动状态的相似准数——广义雷诺数Re_g。结果表明,它不仅适用于管内存在滑移的具有广义宾汉体和宾汉体性质的水煤浆流动,且同样适用于非牛顿流体中的宾汉体、幂律流体以及牛顿流体的无滑移流动。同时,水煤浆虽为液固两相非牛顿流体,但其层流流动的沿程能量损失系数的计算公式类似于牛顿流体的简单形式,即λ=64/Re_g。该式的计算精度令人满意。     

Reducing N losses (NH3, N2o, N2) and immobilization from slurry through optimized application techniques

In model, pot and field trials the effect of C reduced slurries and different application techniques on N losses and N immobilization were investigated. The C reduced slurries were produced by mechanical separation. Ammonia losses from surface-applied and injected cattle slurry were measured under field conditions using a wind tunnel system. Injection of slurry was the most efficient way to reduce volatilization of ammonia. After 6 days the total loss from the injected slurry was only 9% of that from surface band application. Furthermore, additional losses of N may occur through denitrification, specially after injection of slurry which may create an anaerobic environment abundant in readily oxidizable C. Therefore denitrification measurements by the acetylene inhibition technique were conducted. Until 100 days after application the loss from the injected slurry was 7.3 kg compared to 4.5 kg N ha^–1 from surface band applied slurry. After injection, denitrification was only 4.1 kg N ha^–1 for C reduced compared to 6.5 kg N ha^–1 for normal slurry. In pot trials the ammonium-¹⁵N of normal slurry and C-reduced slurry was utilized by oats between 52 and 60%, the ammonium sulfate by 67%. The increased biomass C confirmed a greater immobilization of the NH₄-N of the normal slurry resulting in a lower initial efficiency.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. A. Amberger on his 75th birthday     

Liquid-Solid mass transfer in a slurry bubble column and a gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluidized bed

Mass transfer coefficients between particles and liquids in a slurry bubble column and a three-phase fluidized bed containing small size particles were obtained with two mass transfer systems: (1) K⁺ –Na⁺ ion-exchange in cation-exchange resin bead beds, including anion-exchange resin beads as inert particles; (2) zinc dissolution by HCl in zinc-plated glass bead beds, and in beds of non-plated glass beads. Operating parameters were gas velocity, liquid velocity, particle diameter, and particle concentration. The dependence of mass transfer coefficients on these parameters is discussed from the viewpoint of the energy supplied into the systems. Correlations of the experimental data using dimensionless groups are compared to previous correlations.     

预焙铝电解槽电流效率与阳极电流分布的数学模型

在复杂的综合数学模型的基础上, 利用正交多元回归法研究了预焙电解槽中电流效率与阳极电流分布的关系, 得到一个代数方程式, 同时, 用这个代数方程式分析了阳极电流分布与电流效率的关系.分析结果表明: 阳极电流分布与电流效率都随时间和空间而改变; 阳极电流分布的改变引起电流效率的改变; 在Kuhn Tucker 理论的基础上, 还讨论了系列电流不变时的最佳电流效率, 由于电解槽中磁场、流场分布不均匀等原因, 并非严格均匀的阳极电流分布才能得到最高的电流效率.     

变电流电解氧化混合硫酸稀土溶液中的Ce(Ⅲ)

利用阴阳离子交换膜变电流电解方法, 研究了改变电流密度条件下将混合硫酸稀土溶液中Ce(Ⅲ)电解氧化为Ce(Ⅵ)时, 电流密度和电解时间对阳极电流效率和Ce(Ⅲ)氧化率的影响. 结果表明: 阴离子交换膜体系中, 在相同电解电量条件下, 电流效率和氧化率随平均电流密度升高而降低; 当电流效率达到80%时, 电流密度和铈离子浓度有线性关系; 平均电流密度为325.A/m2的电流密度组合有较高的电流效率和氧化率; 电解时间相同时, 每一个电流密度电解时间越短, 越有利于提高电流效率, 电解后期适当延长低电流密度电解时间可以使Ce(Ⅲ)的氧化率达到99%; 在阳离子交换膜电解体系中, 电流效率达到80%时, 电流密度和Ce3 离子浓度无线性关系.     

聚合物在防水砂浆中的应用

聚舍物改性水泥基防水材料由于其优异的性能与出色的耐久性,作为新型的防水材料在建筑防水领域都得到广泛的认同与应用.采用聚合物乳液对砂浆进行改性的方法由于施工现场无法准确控制聚合物乳液的掺加量及包装储存要求比较高,以粉末状聚合物改性的防水砂浆由于其施工操作更容易,包装、储存和运输更方便,对环境更友好特别是可以对砂浆在使用中的安全性和耐久性提供更大的保证,因此,单组分防水砂浆产品目前已成为聚合物基防水产品的发展趋势.     

MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CONTINUOUS DETECTION OF CURRENT EFFICIENCY IN ALUMINUM PRODUCTIONGH

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剪切速率增稠半固态合金浆料的流变力学模型

半固态合金浆料的本质特性依靠宏观因素。这些因素控制着材料的流变行为。它们又可转化为内变量和外变量,内变量包括固相颗粒的团块化程度、流体粘度、颗粒尺寸、颗粒形貌和颗粒尺寸的分析,外变量包括和剪切速度。在原来的简单模型上,根据半固态合金浆料的不同特性,得出不同条件下的新模型。     

铜化学机械抛光中电化学理论的应用研究

概述了电位-pH图、极化曲线、交流阻抗谱和开路电压测试等电化学方法在铜化学机械抛光(Cu—CMP)中的应用，并分析了采用电化学方法进行CMP分析存在的问题，指出采用以上电化学方法进行Cu—CMP分析有利于对Cu—CMP的过程的理解，并可以为抛光液组分的选配提供依据。